The Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) is the foundation of the system of military justice of the armed forces of the United States. The UCMJ was established by the United States Congress in accordance with their constitutional authority, per Article I Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution, which provides that "The Congress shall have Power. .. to make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval forces" of the United States.
The United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces is an Article I court that exercises worldwide appellate jurisdiction over members of the United States Armed Forces on active duty and other persons subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The court is composed of five civilian judges appointed for 15-year terms by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate. The court reviews decisions from the intermediate appellate courts of the services: the Army Court of Criminal Appeals, the Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals, the Coast Guard Court of Criminal Appeals, and the Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals.
Robinson O. Everett was an American lawyer, judge and a professor of law at Duke University.
Eugene Raymond Sullivan is a senior federal judge based in Washington, D.C., nominated as a federal judge by President Ronald Reagan and confirmed by the U.S. Senate in May 1986. President George H.W. Bush appointed him as the Chief Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces in 1990. When not recalled to active judicial service, Sullivan is a co-founder and senior counsel of the D.C. law firm of Freeh Sporkin and Sullivan LLP. Prior to becoming a federal judge, Sullivan served in the U.S. government in various positions such as a White House lawyer during Watergate and General Counsel of the Department of the U.S. Air Force. In addition, Sullivan is a West Point graduate, a Vietnam combat veteran and qualified as a tanker, an U.S. Army Airborne Ranger, a Ranger instructor, and a jumpmaster in the U.S. Army. In 2010, Sullivan was inducted into the U.S. Army Ranger Hall of Fame.
Margaret Ann "Meg" Ryan is a senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. She joined the court in 2006 after being nominated by President George W. Bush. Her term expired on July 31, 2020.
Michael Roland Murphy is a Senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.
Howard Thomas Markey was an American jurist who served as the first Chief United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. He is often credited with establishing that court's renown and competence in intellectual property law.
Andrew Samuel Effron is an American lawyer who serves as a senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. He took his judicial oath on August 1, 1996, and became chief judge in 2006. His term expired September 30, 2011.
Bruce Edward Kasold is an American lawyer and former judge. He was appointed as a judge to the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims by President George W. Bush in December 2003. He served as the chief judge of the Court from August 2010 to August 2015. Kasold is a graduate of Bishop McGann-Mercy Diocesan High School in Riverhead, New York. He earned his undergraduate degree from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1973, and his Juris Doctor from the University of Florida Law School in 1979. Kasold also earned a Master of Laws from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1982 and a Master of Laws equivalent from the Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School in 1984.
Ronald M. Holdaway is a former judge of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims and retired United States Army brigadier general.
The Judge Advocate General's Corps is the military justice branch or specialty of the United States Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, Marine Corps, and Navy. Officers serving in the JAG Corps are typically called judge advocates.
James Edgar Baker is an American attorney, judge, and academic. He is the former Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. He was appointed to the Court on September 19, 2000, by President Bill Clinton, and became its Chief Judge upon the expiration of Andrew S. Effron's term on September 30, 2011. He is currently a professor of Law and Public Administration at Syracuse University and Director of the Institute for Security Policy and Law. Baker is a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration.
Charles Edgar "Chip" Erdmann is a Senior judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. His term began on October 15, 2002, and expired on July 31, 2017.
John Edward Sparks is an American lawyer who serves as a judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces and former commissioner to the chief judge of the same court.
James Walter Crawford III is an American university administrator and former United States Navy officer who is the president-elect of Texas Southern University. He served in the Navy for 34 years before and is the former president of Felician University, having left the role in April 2023.
Charles Nicholas Pede is a military lawyer and retired United States Army lieutenant general who last served as the 40th Judge Advocate General of the United States Army. Pede was promoted from the rank of brigadier general to the rank of lieutenant general, bypassing the rank of major general on July 26, 2017.
Liam Patrick Hardy is an American lawyer who serves as a judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces.
Michele A. Pearce is an American lawyer and former government official. She served as the Principal Deputy General Counsel (PDGC) of the Army from January 6, 2020 to January 19, 2021. As PDGC, Pearce was the first assistant to the General Counsel and the number two attorney in the Department of the Army. Her duties included providing legal and policy advice to the Secretary of the Army, the Secretariat, and other Army senior leaders.
Musetta Tia Johnson is an American lawyer and academic who is a judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces.
Robert Edward Wiss was a lawyer who served as a judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces from 1992 until his death in 1995. He retired from the United States Naval Reserve Judge Advocate General's Corps as a rear admiral in 1988.
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