Shannon Faulkner | |
---|---|
Born |
Shannon Faulkner is an American teacher, best known for being the first female student to attend The Citadel in 1994, following a lawsuit. [1] She currently teaches English in Greenville, South Carolina. [2]
Faulkner was born in Powdersville, South Carolina, United States, and graduated from Wren High School in January 1993. [3] [4] Faulkner was frustrated that The Citadel would not allow women. [5] Faulkner became the first woman to attempt to enter the Corps of Cadets at The Citadel, which previously had a male-only admissions policy. [3] [4] Her application to the school was accompanied with having her gender blanked out of her high school transcripts. [6] Faulkner enrolled after a successful lawsuit, Faulkner v. Jones et al., against the military academy. [7] [8] The suit alleged that the Citadel, which received state money, was "denying her equal protection under the Constitution". [9] Her lawyer, Val Vojdik, said, "We are seeking educational opportunity... We are seeking equal access to a public program we pay for." [10]
The Citadel allowed Faulkner to attend classes in January 1994 as a civilian student, which meant she had to be off campus by the time retreat was played. She was not allowed to reside in the barracks nor wear the cadet's uniform. [11]
Faulkner matriculated into The Citadel with an otherwise all-male corps of cadets on August 15, 1995 under the escort of United States Marshals. The school established that only five male cadets would be authorized to speak to her; anyone else risked disciplinary action. The following day, which was the first day of "Hell Week", the area was hit by 100-degree weather. A black flag was hoisted, which warned of the heat and signaled that cadets were to drink water frequently. At lunch, the cadets were forced to eat large quantities of a noodle casserole, and Faulkner began feeling ill. After vomiting, Faulkner reported that she felt nauseous to Ray Gerber, her cadreman who was one of the five cadets authorized to speak to her. [12] Gerber escorted Faulkner and four male cadets, who were also suffering from heat-stress to the infirmary. [13] [14] She rejoined the corps two hours later. Concerned about the soupy weather in the 100s, the commandant's office decreed that there were to be no outdoor activities until the heat moved on. Despite all exercises taking place inside a climate-controlled gymnasium, Faulkner still continued to be nauseated. She then returned to the infirmary, where she spent the remainder of that week before washing out, citing emotional and psychological abuse and physical exhaustion. [6] Faulkner was one of thirty cadets to drop out. [15] When her withdrawal from the Citadel was announced, upperclassmen celebrated their return to an all-male school, with one cadreman leading the recruits in an altered marching song of "Marching down the avenue. Now we know that Faulkner's through. I am happy and so are you!". [16] [17] She told Oprah Winfrey on her show that she had gained weight during the court trials[ clarification needed ] due to the stress she was facing. [18]
Two decades later, in a 2012 interview with the Post and Courier newspaper, Faulkner said that what precipitated her leaving so abruptly was a threat to kill her parents by a person present when she entered. [19] Her parents' home was vandalized. [6] In 1999, she told the Associated Press, "I went into it knowing I may not get anything out of it. I was doing it for the next woman." [20]
Writer Pat Conroy paid for Faulkner's education after she left the Citadel, and she became a middle school teacher in South Carolina. [21] Faulkner attended Furman University [22] and later Anderson College, [20] where she graduated in 1999 with a degree in secondary education. [23] After graduating she was hired by Carolina High School. [20]
The Citadel Military College of South Carolina is a public senior military college in Charleston, South Carolina, United States. Established in 1842, it is the third oldest of the six senior military colleges in the United States. The Citadel was initially established as two schools to educate young men from around the state, while simultaneously protecting the South Carolina State Arsenals in both Columbia and Charleston.
Women have been serving in the military since the inception of organized warfare, in both combat and non-combat roles. Their inclusion in combat missions has increased in recent decades, often serving as pilots, mechanics, and infantry officers.
An induction cut, also referred to as a mighty fine, is the shortest possible hairstyle without shaving the head with a razor. The style is so named as it is traditionally the first haircut given to new male recruits during initial entry into many of the world's armed forces, but most particularly in the United States.
Katherine Keith "Kate" Hanley is an American Democratic politician in Virginia. She currently serves as Secretary of the Fairfax County Electoral Board. She previously served as Secretary of the Commonwealth of Virginia from 2006 to 2010, Chairman of the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors from 1995 to 2003, as a County Supervisor for the Providence District from 1986 to 1995, and on the Fairfax County School Board from 1984 to 1986.
Sabina Murray is a Filipina-American screenwriter and novelist. She currently is a professor in the MFA Program for Poets & Writers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Women in combat refers to female military personnel assigned to combat positions. The role of women in the military has varied across the world’s major countries throughout history with several views for and against women in combat. Over time countries have generally become more accepting of women fulfilling combat roles.
In the United States, a senior military college (SMC) is one of six colleges that offer military Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) programs under
, though many other schools offer military Reserve Officers' Training Corps under other sections of the law. The six senior military colleges are:Susan O'Malley is an American sports executive. In 1991, she became president of the Washington Bullets team, a member of the National Basketball Association (NBA); then 29 years old, she was the first female president of an NBA franchise, and one of the first women to hold the top front-office position for a major league sports team in North America.
The superintendent of the United States Naval Academy is its commanding officer. The position is a statutory office, and is roughly equivalent to the chancellor or president of an American civilian university. The officer appointed is, by tradition, a graduate of the United States Naval Academy. However, this is not an official requirement for the position. To date, all superintendents have been naval officers. No Marine Corps officer has yet served as superintendent.
Dr. Lane Murray Unit is a women's prison of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice located in Gatesville, Texas. The prison is located on Texas State Highway 36, between Farm to Market Road 215 and Farm to Market Road 929. The 1,317 acres (533 ha) unit, which opened in November 1995, is co-located with the Christina Crain Unit, the Hilltop Unit, the Patrick O'Daniel Unit, and the Woodman Unit. The unit is named after Lane Murray, who was the first superintendent of the Windham School District.
Eastern High School is a public high school in Washington, D.C. The school is located on the eastern edge of the Capitol Hill neighborhood, at the intersection of 17th Street and East Capital Street Northeast. Eastern was a part of the District of Columbia Public Schools restructuring project, reopening in 2011 to incoming first-year students and growing by a grade level each year. It graduated its first class in 2015. In addition, Eastern was designated an International Baccalaureate school in 2013 and awarded its first IB diploma in 2015. As of the 2022–2023 school year, it educates 766 students in grades 9 through 12.
Loudoun County, Virginia is divided into eight magisterial districts: Algonkian, Ashburn, Broad Run, Catoctin, Dulles, Leesburg, Little River, and Sterling. The magisterial districts each elect one supervisor to the Board of Supervisors which governs Loudoun County. There is also a Chair elected by the county at-large, bringing total Board membership to nine. Board members serve concurrent, four-year terms. A Vice Chair is selected by the Board from among its membership. The current Chair is Phyllis Randall and the current Vice Chair is Juli Briskman, the Algonkian District Supervisor. She has served as Vice Chair since January 2024. Salaries for the current Board term of 2024-2027 were set by the previous Board in January 2023.
This article lists events involving Women in warfare and the military in the United States since 2011. For the previous decade, see Timeline of women in warfare and the military in the United States, 2000–2010.
The History of The Citadel began in the early 1820s with the formation of a militia and state arsenal in response to an alleged slave revolt in 1822. By 1842 the arsenal grew into an academy, with the Legislature establishing it as the South Carolina Military Academy. Cadets played a key role in the Civil War by assisting in the battalion firing upon a federal ship three months before the war began. Many Confederate officers attended the school. Renamed in 1910 as The Citadel, the school's academic reputation grew. After moving the campus near Hampton Park in 1922, the college has grown substantially. In 1969, graduate student Maxine Hudson became the first woman to earn a degree from The Citadel. The Citadel saw the graduation of its first Black student, Charles D. Foster in 1970, 16 years after legal segregation ended in public schools. Following a rocky journey, The Citadel graduated its first female Cadet, future congresswoman Nancy Mace, in 1999. The school has produced many military officers, business, and political leaders throughout its history.
The Citadel Graduate College, previously The Citadel College of Graduate and Professional Studies before 2007, is the non-residential academic program at The Citadel in Charleston, South Carolina. Offering a variety of undergraduate and graduate programs in a non-military environment, the college targets residents of the South Carolina Lowcountry and distance learning students. Classes are primarily offered online or at night, using the same faculty and classrooms as the cadet day program, but students at the Graduate College generally do not share classes with members of the South Carolina Corps of Cadets. Alternatively, students can attend programs at the Lowcountry Graduate Center in North Charleston, South Carolina or through recently established distance learning programs.
Lillian Breslow Rubin was an American writer, professor, psychotherapist and sociologist. She was a distinguished professor of sociology at Queens College and also worked as a senior researcher at the Institute for the Study of Social Change at the University of California, Berkeley. Rubin was a feminist.
Aliyah Khalaf Saleh, also known as Umm Qusay, is an Iraqi humanitarian who helped over 50 individuals escape persecution by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in 2014. She is widely regarded as being a folk heroine in Iraq.
Sarah J. Zorn is the first woman in the history of the 175-year old Citadel Military College to lead the South Carolina Corps of Cadets as the regimental commander. The official ceremony in which Zorn took over the leadership, in which a gilt-handled sword was handed to her from her predecessor, Dillon Graham, took place on May 4, 2018. She has three black belts in karate Zorn's mother, who served in the United States Air Force, died when Zorn was 16 years old. Zorn won a four-year Army scholarship and will serve in the military for at least 5 years after graduation. She is from Warrenville, South Carolina, and majored in Business Administration. She attended Midland Valley High School in Aiken County, and began her studies at the Citadel in 2015. Upon her graduation from The Citadel, she commissioned into the United States Army as an artillery officer, where she currently serves as a HIMARS platoon leader.
Mary Laurie Azcuenaga is an American attorney who served from 1984 to 1998 as a member of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). As of 2017, Azcuenaga is one of just three political independents to serve on the FTC.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)