The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry. The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many of the clades are constantly changing, along with the other families of the Noctuoidea. It was considered the largest family in Lepidoptera for a long time, but after regrouping Lymantriinae, Catocalinae and Calpinae within the family Erebidae, the latter holds this title now. Currently, Noctuidae is the second largest family in Noctuoidea, with about 1,089 genera and 11,772 species. This classification is still contingent, as more changes continue to appear between Noctuidae and Erebidae.
The genus Scrophularia of the family Scrophulariaceae comprises about 200 species of herbaceous flowering plants commonly known as figworts. Species of Scrophularia all share square stems, opposite leaves and open two-lipped flowers forming clusters at the end of their stems. The genus is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere.
The mullein moth is a noctuid moth with a Palearctic distribution. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.
Scrophularia umbrosa, the green figwort, is a perennial herbaceous plant found in Europe and Asia. It grows in moist and cultivated waste ground.
Shargacucullia scrophulariae, the water betony, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found throughout Europe, east to Turkey.
Hecatera cappa is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Morocco, Algeria, central and south-eastern Europe, Turkey, Transcaucasia, Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, Iran and central Asia.
Mythimna sicula is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found from Morocco to Libya, central and southern Europe, Turkey, Israel, Iran and Turkmenistan.
Shargacucullia barthae is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by Boursin in 1933. It is found in Turkey, Iraq, Iran and the Near East.
Shargacucullia strigicosta is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Boursin in 1940. It is found in Iraq and the Sinai in Egypt. Recently it has also been recorded from Israel and some areas of Turkey, Azerbaijan and Iran.
Shargacucullia macewani is a moth of the family Noctuidae first described by Wiltshire in 1949. It is endemic to south-western Arabia. It has been recorded in Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Israel.
Chazaria incarnata is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found on the Canary Islands and on the Iberian Peninsula, east to Italy, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, North Macedonia and Greece. Further east it is found to southern and eastern Russia in the north and Turkey, the Dead Sea region of Israel and Iran.
Diarsia florida, the fen square-spot, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Schmidt in 1859. It is found from western Europe, Denmark, southern Norway and southern Sweden, east to Romania and Siberia. Subspecies perturbata is found in south-eastern Turkey.
Scrophularia lanceolata is a species of flowering plant in the figwort family known by the common names lanceleaf figwort and American figwort. It is native to North America, where it is known from western and eastern Canada and much of the United States except for the southeastern quadrant. Past common names include Western figwort when the western US plants were grouped under the name Scrophularia occidentalis and the eastern US plants were called Scrophularia leporella with the common name hare figwort.
The false water betony is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found from south-eastern France, through the Alps and bordering mountains east to Romania and Bulgaria. It is also found in Anatolia and Lebanon.
Ammoconia caecimacula is a moth belonging to the family Noctuidae. It is found in most of Europe, excluding regions such as southern Spain, Great Britain, Ireland and northern Fennoscandia. Additionally, it can be found in Anatolia, western Turkestan and across the Palaearctic to Siberia. In the east the species is represented by subspecies transcaucasica and sibirica.
Elaphria chalcedonia, the chalcedony midget moth, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from the eastern United States, from Maine to Florida, west to Texas and north to Wisconsin. It is also found in Jamaica, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin, Puerto Rico and Central America. It was described by Jacob Hübner in 1808.
Scrophularia grandiflora is a species of flowering plant in the figwort family (Scrophulariaceae) endemic to Portugal.
Scrophularia peregrina, the Mediterranean figwort, is a species of annual herb in the family Scrophulariaceae. They have a self-supporting growth form. Individuals can grow to 0.39 m.
Scrophularia canina, the dog figwort or French figwort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Scrophulariaceae.
