Sherbrooke County (Province of Canada electoral district)

Sherbrooke County
Canada East
Province of Canada electoral district
Defunct pre-Confederation electoral district
Legislature	Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada
District created	1841
District abolished	1867
First contested	1841
Last contested	1863

Last updated March 18, 2024

Sherbrooke County was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in Canada East. It was located in the Eastern Townships, based on the rural areas around the town of Sherbrooke. The town was a separate electoral district, also named Sherbrooke.

Sherbrooke County electoral district was created in 1841, based on the previous electoral district of the same name for the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, and was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly. It was abolished in 1853, and replaced by two new districts, a new Sherbrooke County and a new Wolfe County, which jointly sent one member to the Assembly. The new district was re-named Richmond and Wolfe in 1855.

Boundaries

Sherbrooke County electoral district was located in the Eastern Townships (now the Estrie administrative region). The town of Sherbrooke was the major centre, but was not part of the Sherbrooke County electoral district. The town was a separate electoral district, also named Sherbrooke. Sherbrooke County was largely rural, and extended from the town of Sherbrooke south to the border with the United States.

The Union Act, 1840 merged the two provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada, with a single Parliament. The separate parliaments of Lower Canada and Upper Canada were abolished.^[1] The Union Act provided that the pre-existing electoral boundaries of Lower Canada and Upper Canada would continue to be used in the new Parliament, unless altered by the Union Act itself.^[2]

The Lower Canada electoral district of Sherbrooke County was not altered by the Act. It was therefore continued with the same boundaries in the new Parliament. Those boundaries had been set by a statute of Lower Canada in 1829:

The County of Sherbrooke shall contain the Townships of Garthby, Hatford, Whitton, Marston, Clinton, Woburn, Stanhope, Croydon, Chesham, Adstock, Lingwick, Weedon, Dudswell, Bury, Hampden, Ditton, Emberton, Drayton, Auckland, Newport, Westbury, Stoke, Ascot, Eaton, Hereford, Compton, Clifton, Windsor, Brompton, Shipton, Melbourne and Orford, together with all gores or augmentations of the said Townships.^[3]

Members of the Legislative Assembly (1841–1854)

Sherbrooke County was a single-member constituency, which was in existence from 1841 to 1854.^[2]

The following were the members of the Legislative Assembly for Sherbrooke County. The party affiliations are based on the biographies of individual members given by the National Assembly of Quebec, as well as votes in the Legislative Assembly. "Party" was a fluid concept, especially during the early years of the Province of Canada.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Parliament	Members	Years in Office	Party
1st Parliament 1841–1844	John Moore	1841–1844	Unionist; Tory (1841–1842) "British" Tory (1843)
2nd Parliament 1844–1847	Samuel Brooks	1844–1847	"British" Tory
3rd Parliament 1848–1851	Samuel Brooks^{[lower-alpha 1]}	1848–1849	"British" Tory
	Alexander Tilloch Galt ^{[lower-alpha 2]}^{[lower-alpha 3]}	1849–1850	Moderate Independent
	John Sewell Sanborn ^{[lower-alpha 4]}	1850–1851	Liberal Independent
4th Parliament 1851–1854	John Sewell Sanborn	1851–1854	Liberal Independent

Notes

↑ Died in office, March 22, 1849: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860, p. 61, note (117).
↑ Elected in by-election, April 17, 1849: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860, p. 61, note (118).
↑ Resigned seat, January 10, 1850: "Biography of Alexander Tilloch Galt". Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours (in French). National Assembly of Quebec.
↑ Elected in by-election, March 9, 1850: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860, p. 61, note (119).

Abolition

The district was abolished in 1853, to take effect at the next general elections in 1854. It was replaced by a new Sherbrooke County and a new Wolfe County, which jointly elected one member. Sherbrooke County was re-named Richmond County in 1855. The united counties of Richmond and Wolfe continued in existence until Confederation in 1867.^[7]^[8]

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References

↑ Union Act, 1840, 3 & 4 Vict., c. 35, s. 2.
1 2 Union Act, 1840, s. 18.
↑ An Act to make a new and more convenient subdivision of the Province into Counties, for the purpose of effecting a more equal Representation thereof in the Assembly than heretofore, SLC 1829, c. 73, s. 1, para. 14.
↑ J.O. Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860 (Quebec: St. Michel and Darveau, 1860), pp. 43–58.
↑ Québec Dictionary of Parliamentary Biography, from 1764 to the present.
↑ Paul G. Cornell, Alignment of Political Groups in Canada, 1841–67 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1962; reprinted in paperback 2015), pp. 93–111.
↑ An Act to enlarge the Representation of the People of this Province in Parliament , SProvC 1853, c. 152, s. 1 (paras. 38 and 39), s. 3.
↑ An Act to amend the Parliamentary Representation Act of 1853 , SProvC 1855, c. 76, s. 12

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain :Statutes of Lower Canada, 13th Provincial Parliament, 2nd Session (1829), c. 74.

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[7] Died in office, March 22, 1849: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860, p. 61, note (117).

[8] Elected in by-election, April 17, 1849: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860, p. 61, note (118).

[9] Resigned seat, January 10, 1850: "Biography of Alexander Tilloch Galt". Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours (in French). National Assembly of Quebec.

[10] Elected in by-election, March 9, 1850: Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860, p. 61, note (119).

[1] Union Act, 1840, 3 & 4 Vict., c. 35, s. 2.

[UA-18-2] 1 2 Union Act, 1840, s. 18.

[3] An Act to make a new and more convenient subdivision of the Province into Counties, for the purpose of effecting a more equal Representation thereof in the Assembly than heretofore, SLC 1829, c. 73, s. 1, para. 14.

[4] J.O. Côté, Political Appointments and Elections in the Province of Canada, 1841 to 1860 (Quebec: St. Michel and Darveau, 1860), pp. 43–58.

[5] Québec Dictionary of Parliamentary Biography, from 1764 to the present.

[6] Paul G. Cornell, Alignment of Political Groups in Canada, 1841–67 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1962; reprinted in paperback 2015), pp. 93–111.

[11] An Act to enlarge the Representation of the People of this Province in Parliament , SProvC 1853, c. 152, s. 1 (paras. 38 and 39), s. 3.

[12] An Act to amend the Parliamentary Representation Act of 1853 , SProvC 1855, c. 76, s. 12

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