Shin'okoku (秦王国) is the name of a country or location that appears in the book of Sui as being in the region of Wa.
The Shin'okoku (秦王国) appears in the book of Sui in "Ring 46 Japanese missions to Sui China brought by Japanese envoys to the Sui dynasty (俀国) sent by king Tarishihiko to Emperor Yang of Sui. Mainly in the western part of the Chugoku region. [1]
In the next year, the king sent Pei Qing, a royal official, to the night country, to Baekje, to Jukishima, south to Danla, through Dusma, in the middle of the sea, and east to a country, and then to Jukish, and then east to the kingdom of Qin, whose people were the same as Hwaha, and who thought that Yizhou could not be understood.
— Sui Shu (Sui Book), Legend 46, Dong Yi, Tonight's Kingdom [2]
In the next year, the emperor sent Pei Shiqing to the country of Tonight, and he arrived at the island of Bamboo, and looked south at the country of Tantra, and passed through the country of Dusma, which was in the middle of the sea, and then east to the country of Yi, and then to the country of Zhus, and then east to the country of Qin.
— Northern History Vol. 94, Liezhuan No. 82 [3]
The five kings of Wa were kings of ancient Japan who sent envoys to China during the 5th century to strengthen the legitimacy of their claims to power by gaining the recognition of a Chinese emperor during the chaotic period of the Northern and Southern dynasties, when either dynasty was desperate to gain legitimacy over the other by trying to assert itself as the granter of official titles, through garnering as many foreign countries willing to receive titles.
Emperor He of Southern Qi ( 齊和帝), personal name Xiao Baorong (蕭寶融), courtesy name Zhizhao (智昭), was the last emperor of the Chinese Southern Qi dynasty. He was put on the throne by the generals Xiao Yingzhou (蕭穎冑) and Xiao Yan in 501 as a competing candidate and substitute for the throne to his violent and arbitrary older brother Xiao Baojuan. In 502, with Xiao Baojuan having been defeated and killed and Xiao Yingzhou dead, Xiao Yan seized the throne from Emperor He and took the throne himself, ending the Southern Qi dynasty and starting the Liang dynasty. Soon, Xiao Yan had the 14-year-old former Emperor He put to death.
Han Xin was a Chinese military general and politician who served Liu Bang during the Chu–Han Contention and contributed greatly to the founding of the Han dynasty. Han Xin was named as one of the "Three Heroes of the early Han dynasty", along with Zhang Liang and Xiao He.
The Battle of Kōan, also known as the Second Battle of Hakata Bay, was the second attempt by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China to invade Japan after their failed attempt seven years earlier at the Battle of Bun'ei. In the summer of 1281, the Yuan invaded with two large armies. The Japanese defenders were aided by a major storm which sank a sizeable portion of the Yuan fleets. The invaders who reached the shore were repulsed shortly after landing. The Japanese called the opportune storm kamikaze, a name later used in the Second World War for pilots who carried out aerial suicide attacks.
The Dongyi or Eastern Yi was a collective term for ancient peoples found in Chinese records. The definition of Dongyi varied across the ages, but in most cases referred to inhabitants of eastern China. Then later, the Korean peninsula and Japanese Archipelago. Dongyi refers to different group of people in different periods. As such, the name "Yí" 夷 was something of a catch-all and was applied to different groups over time. According to the earliest Chinese record, the Zuo Zhuan, the Shang dynasty was attacked by King Wu of Zhou while attacking the Dongyi and collapsed afterward.
Pei Ju (547-627), birth name Pei Shiju, courtesy name Hongda, formally Duke Jing of Anyi, was a Chinese cartographer, diplomat, politician, and writer who lived in the Sui and Tang dynasties, briefly serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozu of Tang. He was praised by traditional Chinese historians for his ability and lack of corruption, but blamed for flattering Emperor Yang of Sui and practically directly contributing to Sui's downfall by encouraging many external military campaigns that drained Sui's resources. Modern historians have questioned these assessments: Arthur F. Wright labelled the latter judgement in the Zizhi tongjian a "particularly blatant piece of editorializing" and "absurd ... beyond doubt".
King of Ryūkyū, also known as King of Lew Chew, King of Chūzan, or more officially Ryūkyū Kingdom's King of Chūzan, was a title held by several lineages from Okinawa Island until 1879. It effectively started in 1372 when Satto greeted a Chinese envoy from the newly established Ming dynasty although his son Bunei was the first to be officially recognized as the King of Chūzan. However, the official Okinawan narrative traces the line of succession further back to the legendary ruler Shunten, who supposedly ascended to the throne in 1187. Another peculiar feature of the official Okinawan narrative is the notion of the single line of succession, instead of Chinese-style dynastic changes, even though they clearly recognized that several unrelated lineages had taken over the position.
Chen Li was the second and the last emperor of the Chinese Chen Han dynasty. He reigned from 1363 to 1364.
Sima Fang (149–219), courtesy name Jiangong or Wenyu, was an official who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China. Through his second son Sima Yi, he was an ancestor of the ruling Sima clan of the Jin dynasty (266–420) of China.
Princess Le'an, also Princess Lanling, was the consort of the Rouran khagan Yujiulü Anluochen. She was born into the imperial house of the Eastern Wei dynasty and was a descendant of Tuoba Yulü of the Dai dynasty and of Empress Pingwen. She was the sister of Yuan Zhi, also Chang shanwang yuan ming (常山王元鸣).
Xiangjun, translated as "Lady of the Village" or "Lady of the Third Rank", was a female noble title used in Imperial China. The title was created during the Western Jin dynasty for the grandmother of the Empress Wang Yuanji, Lady Xiahou. During the Song dynasty, the title lost its prestige due to excessive grants and was abolished. Henceforth, the title was considered as part of the lowest tier of Chinese noble ranks.
Aisin Gioro Yunki, born Yinqi and formally known as Prince Heng of the First Rank, was an imperial prince of the Manchu ruled Qing Dynasty. He was the fifth son of Kangxi Emperor who survived to adulthood.
Aisin Gioro Yunbi, born Yinbi, formally known by his title as Prince Xian (𫍯王), was an imperial prince of the Qing Dynasty and the 24th surviving son of the Kangxi Emperor.
The Wajinden refers to the passages in the 30th volume of the Chinese history chronicle Records of the Three Kingdoms that talk about the Wa people who would later be known as the Japanese people. It describes the mores, geography, and other aspects of the Wa, the people and inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago at the time. The Records of the Three Kingdoms was written by Chen Shou of the Western Jin Dynasty at the end of the 3rd century.
Kukochihiko (狗古智卑狗) as described in the Wajinden was an official of the Kununokuni and a described as the real power behind the government there.
Chikushikoku (竹斯国) is the name of a country or land that appears in the Book of Sui Dynasty and History of the Northern Dynasties in the history of China as being in the Japan region. or land name that appears in Northern History. It is compared to Tsukushi Province.
Black tooth country is an ancient Chinese legendary country of black-toothed people thought to be far to the east. It is described together with Shujukoku, and the Land of the Naked.
Yang Zhong, Xianbei name Puliuru Nunu (普六茹奴奴), formally known as Duke of Sui (隨國公), was a soldier, later general of the Northern Wei dynasty. He is the father of Yang Jian, the founder of the Sui dynasty.
Zhu Shangbing, the Prince of Qin (秦王), was a Chinese prince of the Ming dynasty. He was the eldest son of Zhu Shuang, Prince Min of Qin, the ninth grandson of the Hongwu Emperor, and the maternal grandson of Deng Yu.