The Yamatai Honshu Theory is the theory that the Yamatai kingdom was located in Honshu, specifically Kinai (now Kinki region), where the capital was located in the Kofun period rather than in Kyushu as the Yamatai Kyushu Theory proposes. [1]
According to this theory, the Yamatai was essentially continuous with the Yamato Kingship, with its capital in roughly the same region, and the Yamatai transformed into the Yamato Kingship when the Kofun period began [2]
Arai Shiraishi, in his "Koshitong or Inquires," proposed the theory of Yamato Province. Later, however, in "Gaikoku no Jijo Chosho" (Foreign Affairs Chronicle), he proposed the theory of Yamato-gun in Chikugo Province. Since then, from the Edo period to the present, the mainstream of the academic world has been largely divided between the " Honshu theory " (Naito Konan et al.) and the "Kyushu Theory" (Shiratori Kokichi et al.). The Kyushu theory, however, is divided into two distinct theories: one that says the Yamataikoku "moved" (the "eastward shift" theory) and one that says it "did not move at all. The "eastward shift" theory holds that the Yamataikoku moved to the Kinai region and became the Yamato Kingdom.[ citation needed ]
Masao Kume proposes the Two dynasties parallel theory (二王朝並立論) and states that the Queen Country (女王国) of More than 2,000 miles from the county to the Kingdom of Women (自郡至女王国萬二千餘里) is different from the Yamatai Kingdom (邪馬台国) of Thirty days by sea (海路三十日) （ 20 days of water travel from South to Touma (南至投馬国水行二十日) and Ten days of water travel from the south to the land of Yamatai (南至邪馬台国水行十日) and the female kingdom in Tsukushi is in Kinai through the "Civil War of Wa (倭国大乱)". It is assumed that the new royal capital, which was the capital of Japan, is Yamatai. [3]
In the 1960s, it was thought that artifacts from the period of the Yamataikoku were abundant in Kyushu while those from the Kinai region were scarce in the Kinai region. The National Institute for Radiocarbon Dating and Dendrochronology has presented a chronology based on radiocarbon dating and dendrochronology that compares the tombs of Himiko and the Yamato imperial court to those of Yamatai and Himiko, and that the establishment of the Yamato Imperial Court dates back to that time. Some have suggested that radiocarbon dating of pottery from the Kinai region by the National Institute of Japanese Archaeology and Dating suggests that the establishment of the early state in the Yamato region of the Kinai region dates back to the same period as the Yamataikoku. [4] [5] [6] [a] 。. According to this Kinai theory, there was at least one power in 3rd century Japan that was able to secure transportation routes from Yamato to the continent, and it can be said that a power with great influence over the entire western Japan centering on Yamato, namely the "Yamato Kingdom," was already established at this time.[ citation needed ]
The Makimuku ruins site is considered by some researchers to be the best candidate for the center of the Yamatai, and may be the site that proves the Yamatai Honshu Theory . In 2011, a part of another large building was found about 5 meters to the east of the large building ruins, and the building ruins may have been built in the late 3rd century or later. [7] 。
The Hashihaka kofun ( 箸墓古墳 ) is a megalithic tomb ( kofun ) located in Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture, Japan. The Hashihaka kofun is considered to be the first large keyhole-shaped kofun constructed in Japan and is associated with the emergence of the Yamato Kingship. [8] It is sometimes considered the birthplace of the Kofun system of tombs which is highly linked to the emergence of a state level society. [9] [b]
The Yayoi period started in the late Neolithic period in Japan, continued through the Bronze Age, and towards its end crossed into the Iron Age.
The Kofun period is an era in the history of Japan from about 300 to 538 AD, following the Yayoi period. The Kofun and the subsequent Asuka periods are sometimes collectively called the Yamato period. This period is the earliest era of recorded history in Japan, but studies depend heavily on archaeology since the chronology of historical sources tends to be distorted. The word kofun is Japanese for the type of burial mound dating from this era.
Himiko, also known as the Shingi Waō, was a shamaness-queen of Yamatai-koku in Wakoku (倭国). Early Chinese dynastic histories chronicle tributary relations between Queen Himiko and the Cao Wei Kingdom (220–265) and record that the Yayoi period people chose her as ruler following decades of warfare among the kings of Wa. Early Japanese histories do not mention Himiko, but historians associate her with legendary figures such as Empress Consort Jingū, who is said to have served as regent from 201 to 269.
The Hayato (隼人), which is Japanese for "falcon-people", were a people of ancient Japan who lived in the Satsuma and Ōsumi regions of southern Kyushu during the Nara period. They frequently resisted Yamato rule. After their subjugation they became subjects of the government under Ritsuryō, and the Ministry of the Military had an office known as the Hayato-shi (隼人司) in charge of their governance. The name also came into use by samurai as a title, Hayato no suke (隼人助). In modern times, Hayato is a Japanese male given name.
Yamatai or Yamatai-koku(邪馬台国)(c. 1st century –c. 3rd century) is the Sino-Japanese name of an ancient country in Wa (Japan) during the late Yayoi period (c. 1,000 BCE –c. 300 CE). The Chinese text Records of the Three Kingdoms first recorded the name as (邪馬臺) or (邪馬壹) followed by the character 國 for "country", describing the place as the domain of Priest-Queen Himiko (卑弥呼). Generations of Japanese historians, linguists, and archeologists have debated where Yamatai was located and whether it was related to the later Yamato (大和国).
Kofun are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.
The Civil War of Wa or Great Rebellion of Wa was a period of disturbances and warfare in ancient Japan (Wa) during the late Yayoi period. It is the oldest war in Japan that has been documented in writing. Peace was restored around 180, when the shaman queen Himiko (Pimiko) of Yamatai-koku took control of the region.
Jimmu's Eastern Expedition refers to a series of legends in which Emperor Jimmu became the first emperor of Japan, after defeating Nagasunehiko, who had ruled the Nara Basin and its surrounding area, after leaving Hyuga Province. According to the traditional dating system adopted in late 19th century, this expedition took place in 663 BC.
The Yamato Kingship was a tribal alliance centered on the Yamato region from the 4th century to the 7th century, and ruled over the alliance of noble families in the central and western parts of the Japanese archipelago. The age is from the 3rd to the 7th century, later than the Yamatai Kingdom. After the Taika Reform, the ōkimi as an emperor, at that time, was in power, and the Yamato period ended. The time period is archaeologically known as the Kofun period. Regarding its establishment, due to the relationship between Yamatai and Yamato's succession to the king's power, there are very different views on it.
The Hashihaka kofun is a megalithic tomb (kofun) located in Sakurai, Nara Prefecture, Japan. The Hashihaka kofun is considered to be the first large keyhole-shaped kofun constructed in Japan and is associated with the emergence of the Yamato Kingship.
Ōkimi, or Ame no shita Siroshimesu Ōkimi, was the title of the head of the Yamato Kingship, or the monarch title of Wakoku. This term was used from the Kofun period through the Asuka period in ancient Japan.
The Kofun system is a social order seen in the construction of stylized Kofuns, particularly Zenpokoenfun that appeared in the early Kofun period of Japan. It is believed to represent a new level of social complexity and the advent of the Yamato Kingship
The Makimuku ruins are ruins in Nara Prefecture Sakurai near Mount Miwa. Recovered artifacts are of the Yayoi Period and Kofun Period.
The Yamatai Kyushu Theory is the theory that the Yamatai kingdom was located in Kyushu rather than in Honshu as the Yamatai Honshu Theory proposes.
The Wajinden are passages in the 30th fascicle of the Chinese history chronicle Records of the Three Kingdoms that talk about the Wa people, who would later be known as the Japanese people. It describes the mores, geography, and other aspects of the Wa, the people and inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago at the time. The Records of the Three Kingdoms was written by Chen Shou of the Western Jin dynasty at the end of the 3rd century.
Takehiko Furuta ) was a Japanese, history of ideas scholar, ancient history fabricator, conspiracy theorist. Former professor at Showa Pharmaceutical University. He specializes in Shinran and other medieval Japanese philosophical history and conspiracy theory. He has proposed the highly controversial Kyushu dynasty theory, to little academic acclaim.
Kununokuni (狗奴国)(Kunu no kuni/kunukoku、Kuna no Kuni/Kunakoku、Konanokuni / Konakoku) was a Japanese country that was in conflict with Yamatai, which is mentioned in the "Wajinden" in the "Book of Wei" in the Chinese history book "Records of the Three Kingdoms" of the Three Kingdoms period.
Ito-koku (伊都国) is one of the countries in Wa-koku, which appears in Chinese historical books such as Wajinden. It is said to be located 500 ri southeast of Matsurokoku, in the Yamato era, in the Prefecture of Ito, now Fukuoka Prefecture Itoshima City and part of Fukuoka City.
Princess Yamato Totohi Momoso is a Japanese princess buried in Hashihaka Kofun. She was the daughter of Emperor Kōrei. She was the shaman aunt of Emperor Sujin, and is said to have taken her own life after discovering her husband was a snake god.
Hokenoyama Kofun is a scallop shaped Kofun containing several burial chambers at the site of the Makimuku ruins in Nara Prefecture, Japan. It is dated to around 250 AD.