Original author(s) | Gian-Carlo Pascutto |
---|---|
Developer(s) | Gian-Carlo Pascutto |
Stable release | 3.0 |
Repository | |
Written in | C |
Type | chess engine |
License | free [1] |
Website | www |
Sjeng is a chess engine written by Gian-Carlo Pascutto based on Faile, written by Adrien Regimbald. [2] There are two major versions of Sjeng: the original open source version called Sjeng (also now known as Sjeng old or Sjeng free) and Deep Sjeng, a closed source commercial version.
This article is part of the series on |
Chess programming |
---|
According to the Sjeng website “Sjeng was written by Gian-Carlo Pascutto with help from Adrien Regimbald, Daniel Clausen, Dann Corbit, Lenny Taelman, Ben Nye, Ronald De Man, David Dawson, Tim Foden and Georg von Zimmermann.” [3] The AUTHORS file in the Sjeng distribution states that “Sjeng is written by Gian-Carlo Pascutto, based on work done by Adrien Regimbald.” [4]
Unlike most other chess engines Sjeng supports several popular chess variants: Crazyhouse, Suicide, Losers and, when playing on a chess server, Bughouse. Starting with Mac OSX 10.4 Sjeng has been distributed as the engine behind the graphical “Chess” Mac application. [5]
The first version with source code under the GPL was Sjeng 7 released to SourceForge on 4/15/2000. [6] The last open source version was Sjeng 11.2, released on 1/2/2002. [7] With version 12 Sjeng went back to being closed source, although still free. Version 12 contained many changes, including a switch to bitboard architecture and the removal of variant support. Version 12.7 was released concurrently with version 11.2 on 1/2/2002. Several more versions were released culminating with version 12.13 on 5/3/2002. [8]
The next iteration of the chess engine was named Deep Sjeng 1.0 and released as a commercial program on 3/3/2003. It featured multiprocessor support and was estimated to be 200 rating points stronger than Sjeng Free. [9] The last version of Deep Sjeng won the World Computer Speed Chess Championship in 2008. Deep Sjeng is no longer for sale. [10]
Deep Sjeng participated in six World Computer Chess Championships, then retired after tying for first place in the 17th Championship. Deep Sjeng actually tied for second place, however the winner, Rybka, was disqualified for plagiarism.
Sjeng won the World Computer Speed Chess Championship in 2008, [11] and the World Computer Chess Championship in 2009. It also won the Internet Computer Chess Tournament in 2010 and 2011.
Wine is a free and open-source compatibility layer that aims to allow application software and computer games developed for Microsoft Windows to run on Unix-like operating systems. Wine also provides a software library, named Winelib, against which developers can compile Windows applications to help port them to Unix-like systems.
The Computer Olympiad is a multi-games event in which computer programs compete against each other. For many games, the Computer Olympiads are an opportunity to claim the "world's best computer player" title. First contested in 1989, the majority of the games are board games but other games such as bridge take place as well. In 2010, several puzzles were included in the competition.
In computer chess, a chess engine is a computer program that analyzes chess or chess variant positions, and generates a move or list of moves that it regards as strongest. A chess engine is usually a back end with a command-line interface with no graphics or windowing. Engines are usually used with a front end, a windowed graphical user interface such as Chessbase or WinBoard that the user can interact with via a keyboard, mouse or touchscreen. This allows the user to play against multiple engines without learning a new user interface for each, and allows different engines to play against each other. Many chess engines are now available for mobile phones and tablets, making them even more accessible.
SuperTux is a free and open-source two-dimensional platform video game published under the GNU General Public License (GPL). The game was inspired by Nintendo's Super Mario Bros. series; instead of Mario, the hero in the game is Tux, the official mascot of the Linux kernel.
Pygame is a cross-platform set of Python modules designed for writing video games. It includes computer graphics and sound libraries designed to be used with the Python programming language.
Watcom C/C++ is an integrated development environment (IDE) product from Watcom International Corporation for the C, C++, and Fortran programming languages. Watcom C/C++ was a commercial product until it was discontinued, then released under the Sybase Open Watcom Public License as Open Watcom C/C++. It features tools for developing and debugging code for DOS, OS/2, Windows, Linux operating systems, which are based upon x86, IA-32, x86-64 compatible processors.
qBittorrent is a cross-platform free and open-source BitTorrent client.
GNOME Chess is a graphical front-end featuring a 2D and a 3D chessboard interface. GNOME Chess does not include a chess engine of its own, so to play against the computer a third party chess engine must be present. Most Linux distributions package GNU Chess as the default chess engine with it. Additionally GNOME Chess supports third party chess engines, with known ones automatically detected.
Stockfish is a free and open-source chess engine, available for various desktop and mobile platforms. It is developed by Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Gary Linscott, Tord Romstad, Stéphane Nicolet, Stefan Geschwentner, and Joost VandeVondele, with many contributions from a community of open-source developers.
Pandoc is a free and open-source document converter, widely used as a writing tool and as a basis for publishing workflows. It was created by John MacFarlane, a philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley.
Electron is a free and open-source software framework developed and maintained by GitHub. It allows for the development of desktop GUI applications using web technologies: it combines the Chromium rendering engine and the Node.js runtime. Electron is the main GUI framework behind several open-source projects including Atom, GitHub Desktop, Light Table, Visual Studio Code, Evernote, and WordPress Desktop.
RocksDB is a high performance embedded database for key-value data. It is a fork of Google's LevelDB optimized to exploit many CPU cores, and make efficient use of fast storage, such as solid-state drives (SSD), for input/output (I/O) bound workloads. It is based on a log-structured merge-tree data structure. It is written in C++ and provides official language bindings for C++, C, and Java; alongside many third-party language bindings. RocksDB is open-source software, and was originally released under a BSD 3-clause license. However, in July 2017 the project was migrated to a dual license of both Apache 2.0 and GPLv2 license, possibly in response to the Apache Software Foundation's blacklist of the previous BSD+Patents license clause.
Leela is a computer Go software developed by Belgian programmer Gian-Carlo Pascutto, the author of chess engine Sjeng. It won the third place for 19x19 board Go and the second place for 9x9 board Go at the Computer Olympiad in 2008, and won the eighth place in the 1st World AI Go Tournament in August 2017. According to its website, it has "Strength over 9 dan on 19 x 19, depending on hardware". The program was named "Leela" because the author wanted a pleasant female name that contrasted with the prevailing style at the time, typified by names like "Shredder", "Tiger", and "Rebel".
Leela Zero is a free and open-source computer Go program released on 25 October 2017. It is developed by Belgian programmer Gian-Carlo Pascutto, the author of chess engine Sjeng and Go engine Leela.
AlphaZero is a computer program developed by artificial intelligence research company DeepMind to master the games of chess, shogi and go. This algorithm uses an approach similar to AlphaGo Zero.
Gian-Carlo Pascutto is a Belgian computer programmer. He is the author of chess engine Sjeng and Go software Leela, and the original author of the free and open-source Go software Leela Zero. Gian-Carlo also authored many core components of the foobar2000 media player.
Leela Chess Zero is a free, open-source, and neural network–based chess engine and distributed computing project. Development has been spearheaded by programmer Gary Linscott, who is also a developer for the Stockfish chess engine. Leela Chess Zero was adapted from the Leela Zero Go engine, which in turn was based on Google's AlphaGo Zero project. One of the purposes of Leela Chess Zero was to verify the methods in the AlphaZero paper as applied to the game of chess.
Microsoft, a technology company known for its opposition to the open source software paradigm, turned to embrace the approach in the 2010s. From the 1970s through 2000s under CEOs Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer, Microsoft viewed the community creation and sharing of communal code, later to be known as free and open source software, as a threat to its business, and both executives spoke negatively against it. In the 2010s, as the industry turned towards cloud, embedded, and mobile computing—technologies powered by open source advances—CEO Satya Nadella led Microsoft towards open source adoption although Microsoft's traditional Windows business continued to grow throughout this period generating revenues of 26.8 billion in the third quarter of 2018, while Microsoft's Azure cloud revenues nearly doubled.