Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists

Last updated
Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists
AbbreviationSIDP
Formation1990
Type Professional Association
HeadquartersGeneva, IL
Location
  • United States
Membership (2023)
2000+
President
Sam Aitken, PharmD, MPH, BCIDP
President-Elect
Erin McCreary, PharmD, BCPS, BCIDP
Past President
Melissa Johnson, PharmD, MHS, AAHIVP
Website https://www.sidp.org/

The Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP) is a non-profit organization comprising pharmacists and other allied health professionals specializing in infectious diseases and antimicrobial stewardship. [1] According to the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties, clinical pharmacists specializing in infectious diseases are trained in microbiology and pharmacology to develop, implement, and monitor drug regimens. These regimens incorporate the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of antimicrobials for patients. [2]

Contents

Headquartered in Geneva, Illinois, the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP) was founded in 1990 and has over 2,000 members engaged in patient care, research, teaching, the pharmaceutical industry, and government. The organization's mission is to advance infectious diseases pharmacy through collaboration, research, and education, and to lead antimicrobial stewardship to optimize patient care in various practice settings. [1] To achieve its mission, SIDP collaborates with several healthcare organizations, including the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and American Society for Microbiology (ASM), American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP), Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP), Making a Difference in Infectious Diseases (MAD-ID), and International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP). [1]

Advocacy for Antimicrobial Stewardship

The World Health Organization [3] and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [4] have identified antimicrobial resistance as a significant public health threat. SIDP prioritizes promoting the appropriate use of antimicrobials and reducing resistance. In 2003, SIDP warned of a potential exponential increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. [5] In 2009, SIDP supported a study that identified antibiotics with a lower likelihood of contributing to antibiotic resistance. [6] The SIDP Policy and Government Affairs (PGA) Committee focuses on legislative and regulatory issues related to infectious disease therapeutics, antimicrobial use, and resistance. The SIDP Public Outreach Committee develops partnerships, activities, and programs to educate the public on the safe and effective use of antimicrobials and the role of pharmacists in antimicrobial stewardship. The SIDP Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Committee is dedicated to creating a welcoming society and improving minority representation within its membership, leadership, and the profession. SIDP advocates to government and private entities on key issues and collaborates with strategic partners to educate the public and promote positive change.

Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (PACCARB)

In January 2019, the Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (PACCARB) convened to respond to a directive from the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, Alex Azar, to gather public input on strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance. [7] Former SIDP president Kerry LaPlante presented public comments emphasizing the need to prioritize the acceleration of research and development of new antimicrobials through innovative funding mechanisms, safeguard the supply of existing drugs, and develop strategies to mitigate shortages of anti-infective medications. LaPlante said, "Together, we scramble to concoct mixtures of antibiotics, using in vitro data, hoping to override resistance and hoping for synergy to save our dying patients. Many of these patients have already endured and overcome months of chemotherapy, only to find themselves kicked down and fighting for their lives – again." [8] In September 2020, In September 2020, Elizabeth Dodds-Ashley, a former SIDP president, was appointed as a designated representative to the Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (PACCARB). [9]

U.S. Government Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Challenge

The U.S. Government Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Challenge, initiated in 2018, is a global effort that calls upon pharmaceutical and health insurance companies, food animal producers and purchasers, medical professionals, government health officials, and industry leaders worldwide to collaborate in combating antibiotic resistance. The AMR Challenge is a way for organizations to make formal commitments to further the progress against antimicrobial resistance. [10] [11]

SIDP has submitted a commitment to the AMR Challenge to promote appropriate antimicrobial use. [10] As part of this commitment, in 2019, SIDP collaborated with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists to develop educational materials on how pharmacists can improve antimicrobial use. [12] Healthcare providers can submit a formal commitment to adopt these practices. [13] [14]

According to Secretary Azar, nearly 350 national and international organizations have committed to the AMR Challenge, including Infectious Diseases Society of America, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Cancer Society, Pew Charitable Trusts, and the U.S. Department of Defense [15] [10]

Pioneering Antimicrobial Subscriptions To End Upsurging Resistance Act of 2023 (PASTEUR Act of 2023)

Globally, an estimated 4.95 million deaths were associated with bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in 2019, with 1.27 million deaths attributed directly to bacterial AMR. [16] The purpose of the PASTEUR Act of 2023 is to establish a program aimed at developing antimicrobials targeting difficult-to-treat bacterial and fungal pathogens, as well as addressing the most threatening infections, among other objectives. [17] SIDP is among the 237 organizations that advocated for the advancement of the PASTEUR Act in 2023. [17]

Legislative Support

On June 4, 2019, United States Senators Johnny Isakson (R-GA) and Bob Casey (D-PA) introduced the Developing an Innovative Strategy for Antimicrobial Resistant Microorganisms (DISARM) Act S. 1712. The DISARM Act aims to advance antibiotic research and development, as well as preserve existing antibiotics. It proposes improvements to Medicare reimbursement for antibiotics and promotes their appropriate use. [18] SIDP joined other medical organizations such as Infectious Diseases Society of America, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and American Society for Microbiology in signing a letter of support for the DISARM Act. [19]

Similarly, SIDP and other infectious diseases organizations have endorsed the Strategies to Address Antimicrobial Resistance Act (STAAR), which seeks to enhance the current federal infrastructure for surveillance, data collection, and research endeavors related to antimicrobial resistance. [20]

Since November 2022, SIDP has participated in endorsing seven letters addressing various legislative, antibiotic resistance, and funding-related issues. Details regarding the sponsoring organizations and the focus areas of these letters are summarized in the table below:

Focus AreaSponsoring OrganizationMonth Letter Signed
Bio-Preparedness Workforce Pilot Program [21] IDSANovember 2022
Senate HELP Committee: National program to closely monitor antibiotic use in human and non-human settingsNatural Resources Defense CouncilFebruary 2023
Joint Pharmacy Org Post-PHE PrioritiesASHPFebruary 2023
PASTEUR Act [17] S-FARFebruary 2023
FY24 Public Health and Bio Pilot LRPIDSA, ASM, HIVMAMarch 2023
Bio-Preparedness Workforce Pilot Program [21] IDSAMay 2023
FDA Breakpoints meeting follow-upASMJune 2023

Publications and Activities

Other activities in which SIDP engages include providing clinical guidance, issuing position statements, and offering educational resources. SIDP has endorsed guidance documents concerning the essential skills required for antimicrobial stewardship leaders, [22] the pivotal role of pharmacists in antimicrobial stewardship, [23] management of COVID-19, [24] and the optimal utilization of polymyxins. [25] In addition, SIDP has released position statements advocating for the prudent use of antimicrobials across diverse settings, including agricultural applications [26] and ambulatory care settings. [27] For all publications, visit: https://sidp.org/SIDP-Publications

At the end of 2019, it was announced that SIDP would join as a partner in IDWeek. [28] [29] [30] IDWeek is the collaborative annual conference of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the HIV Medicine Association (HIVMA), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP). As a partner society, SIDP appoints a representative to the official planning committee for a 3-year term. SIDP's objective as a partner organization of IDWeek is to facilitate the gathering of experts in both research and practice to present and network at the annual conference. Additionally, the annual SIDP business meeting and reception are currently held in conjunction with IDWeek.

Educational Programming

SIDP offers educational activities focusing on infectious diseases pharmacotherapy and antimicrobial stewardship through a variety of formats, including live and enduring webinar programming, home study materials, and live sessions at the annual SIDP business meeting, which is held concurrently with IDWeek. [31] Examples of educational programming offered by SIDP include on-demand modules, live webinars, symposia, podcasts, journal clubs, and an antimicrobial stewardship certificate program. While the primary audience is pharmacists, many educational activities are accredited for other healthcare disciplines as well. Furthermore, SIDP provides funding for education grants to support initiatives aimed at public education or the development of innovative training methods for healthcare professionals. [32] SIDP is an Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE)-accredited Continuing Education (CE) provider and is approved by the Board of Pharmacy Specialties (BPS) for recertification credits for the Board Certified Infectious Diseases Pharmacist (BCIDP) credential. [33] The majority of activities are offered at no cost or are available at a discounted rate for SIDP members.

Public Outreach

As part of SIDP's dedication to educating the public and healthcare professionals about the role of infectious diseases pharmacists and the appropriate use of antimicrobials, an Antimicrobial Stewardship Advocacy Toolkit was created. This toolkit serves as a resource to assist healthcare providers in enhancing antimicrobial usage within their respective healthcare systems. [34] The toolkit is accessible on the SIDP website as a complimentary resource. It comprises various components, including methods to showcase commitment, posters detailing key action items for pharmacists, guidance on implementing and promoting proper antibiotic disposal, suggestions for enhancing public awareness of antimicrobial stewardship initiatives, and educational materials centered on antimicrobial stewardship and the CDC’s One Health Initiative. Additional educational resources developed for the public include an antimicrobial stewardship curriculum tailored for high school students, materials related to the annual U.S. and World Antibiotic Awareness Week, and informational handouts addressing the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.

In 2022, the organization initiated the promotion of an Infectious Diseases Pharmacist Advocacy Day through social media platforms on the first Thursday of each month. SIDP also annually observes Infectious Diseases Pharmacists Day on May 22nd to acknowledge the vital contributions made by infectious diseases pharmacists in combating antimicrobial resistance and enhancing patient care. The inaugural Infectious Diseases Pharmacists Day occurred on May 22nd, 2021. Recognizing the significant role played by infectious diseases pharmacists during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the theme for the first year was "Essential COVID-19 Healthcare Workers." The dates and themes for all Infectious Diseases Pharmacists Days are listed below.

YearID Pharmacists Day Theme
2021Essential COVID-19 Healthcare Workers
2022Deprescribing Antibiotics in COVID-19
2023Reaching Beyond

Breakpoints- The SIDP Podcast

Launched in July 2019, Breakpoints serves as the official podcast of SIDP. It releases episodes on a monthly basis, featuring conversations with thought leaders in infectious diseases who discuss current topics and clinical controversies. The podcast is available for listeners on various platforms, including Apple Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, Overcast, and other popular podcast hosting websites.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antimicrobial resistance</span> Resistance of microbes to drugs directed against them

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes evolve mechanisms that protect them from the effects of antimicrobials. All classes of microbes can evolve resistance where the drugs are no longer effective. Fungi evolve antifungal resistance, viruses evolve antiviral resistance, protozoa evolve antiprotozoal resistance, and bacteria evolve antibiotic resistance. Together all of these come under the umbrella of antimicrobial resistance. Microbes resistant to multiple antimicrobials are called multidrug resistant (MDR) and are sometimes referred to as superbugs. Although antimicrobial resistance is a naturally occurring process, it is often the result of improper usage of the drugs and management of the infections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ciprofloxacin</span> Fluoroquinolone antibiotic

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. This includes bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, certain types of infectious diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, skin infections, typhoid fever, and urinary tract infections, among others. For some infections it is used in addition to other antibiotics. It can be taken by mouth, as eye drops, as ear drops, or intravenously.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Levofloxacin</span> Antibiotic

Levofloxacin, sold under the brand name Levaquin among others, is an antibiotic medication. It is used to treat a number of bacterial infections including acute bacterial sinusitis, pneumonia, H. pylori, urinary tract infections, Legionnaires' disease, chronic bacterial prostatitis, and some types of gastroenteritis. Along with other antibiotics it may be used to treat tuberculosis, meningitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease. Use is generally recommended only when other options are not available. It is available by mouth, intravenously, and in eye drop form.

<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Species of bacterium

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated, lactose-fermenting, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. It appears as a mucoid lactose fermenter on MacConkey agar.

The Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA) is a non-profit organization founded in 1981 by Stuart B. Levy (1938–2019), Professor of Medicine at Tufts University and headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. APUA's mission is to strengthen society's defenses against infectious disease by promoting appropriate access and use to antimicrobial agents and controlling antimicrobial resistance on a worldwide basis. APUA has a network of affiliated chapters in over 50 countries, and conducts applied antimicrobial resistance research, education, capacity building and advocacy at the global and grassroots levels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Infectious Diseases Society of America</span> Medical association

The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) is a medical association representing physicians, scientists, and other healthcare professionals who specialize in infectious diseases. It was founded in 1963 and is based in Arlington, Virginia. As of 2018, IDSA had more than 11,000 members from across the United States and nearly 100 other countries on six different continents. IDSA's purpose is to improve the health of individuals, communities, and society by promoting excellence in patient care, education, research, public health, and prevention relating to infectious diseases. It is a 501(c)(6) organization.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antibiotic misuse</span>

Antibiotic misuse, sometimes called antibiotic abuse or antibiotic overuse, refers to the misuse or overuse of antibiotics, with potentially serious effects on health. It is a contributing factor to the development of antibiotic resistance, including the creation of multidrug-resistant bacteria, informally called "super bugs": relatively harmless bacteria can develop resistance to multiple antibiotics and cause life-threatening infections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">One Health Trust</span>

One Health Trust, formerly the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, is a public health research organization with offices in Washington, D.C., New Delhi, and Bangalore, India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stuart B. Levy</span> American microbiologist, expert on antibiotic resistance

Stuart Blank Levy was a researcher and physician at Tufts University. He was among the first to advocate for greater awareness of antibiotic resistance and founded the Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy</span> British-based academic scientific society

The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) is a UK-based multi-professional organisation committed to preventing infectious diseases and the growing threat of drug-resistant infections – one of the one of the top global public health and development threats.

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) refers to coordinated efforts to promote the optimal use of antimicrobial agents, including drug choice, dosing, route, and duration of administration.

Antibiotic Action is a UK-based initiative that works to raise global awareness about antibiotic resistance, and is funded by the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), a UK registered charity. Antibiotic Action seeks to inform and educate people from various backgrounds, ranging from politicians to healthcare professionals to the public, about the need for discovery, research, and development of new treatments for bacterial infections to combat antibiotic resistance. It also aims to strengthen and enhance academic-industrial partnerships by bringing together communities that need antibiotics with academia, health-care professionals, and pharmaceutical companies to address the challenges facing antibiotic research, drug development, and Antimicrobial stewardship.

Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator (CARB-X) is a global nonprofit partnership focused on supporting the development of new antibacterial products. Its mission is to strengthen the pipeline of vaccines, rapid diagnostics, antibiotics and non-traditional products to prevent, diagnose and treat life-threatening bacterial infections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reinvigorating Antibiotics and Diagnostic Innovation Act</span>

The Reinvigorating Antibiotics and Diagnostic Innovation (READI) Act is a bipartisan bill introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives by Congressman Erik Paulsen (R-MN) and Congressman Mike Thompson (D-CA). The bill would give a tax credit to organizations that create new antibiotics and "rapid diagnostic tests" that treat serious or life-threatening infections.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) directly kills about 1,600 people each year in Australia. This is a currently serious threat to both humans and animals in the country. Antimicrobial resistance occurs when a microorganism evolves and gains the ability to become more resistant or completely resistant to the medicine that was previously used to treat it. Drug-resistant bacteria are increasingly difficult to treat, requiring replacement or higher-dose drugs that may be more expensive or more toxic. Resistance can develop through one of the three mechanisms: natural resistant ability in some types of microorganisms, a mutation in genes or receiving the resistance from another species. Antibodies appear naturally due to random mutations, or more often after gradual accumulation over time, and because of abuse of antibiotics. Multidrug-resistance, or MDR, are the microorganisms that are resistant to many types of antimicrobials. "Superbugs" is the term also used for multidrug-resistant microbes, or totally drug-resistant (TDR).

Helen Boucher is Dean of Tufts University School of Medicine and Chief Academic Officer of Tufts Medicine, the parent health system for Tufts Medical Center in Boston. Prior to this, she served as Chief of the Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases at Tufts Medical Center, a Professor of Medicine at Tufts University School of Medicine, and Director of the Stuart B. Levy Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance at Tufts.

Alison Helen Holmes is a British infectious diseases specialist, who is a professor at Imperial College London and the University of Liverpool. Holmes serves as Director of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance and Consultant at Hammersmith Hospital. Holmes is on the Executive Committee of the International Society of Infectious Diseases, and she serves on a variety of World Health Organization (WHO) expert groups related to antimicrobial use, Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), infection prevention and sepsis. Her research considers how to mitigate antimicrobial resistance.

Jasmine R. Marcelin is a Caribbean-American infectious disease physician and an Assistant Professor in the Department of Internal Medicine at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC). Marcelin is also the Associate Medical Director of the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program and as well as the Co-Director of Digital Innovation and Social Media Strategy at UNMC.

Kerry L. LaPlante is an American pharmacist, academic and researcher. She is the Dean at the University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy. She is a Professor of Pharmacy and former department Chair of the Department of Pharmacy Practice at the University of Rhode Island, an Adjunct Professor of Medicine at Brown University, an Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy Specialist, and the Director of the Rhode Island Infectious Diseases Fellowship and Research Programs at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Providence, Rhode Island.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "SIDP - About". sidp.org. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  2. ↑ "Infectious Diseases Pharmacy". Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  3. ↑ "World Health Organization". WHO. Archived from the original on August 28, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  4. ↑ "CDC-Antimicrobial Resistance". CDC. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  5. ↑ Bob Groves, "Still searching for Kryptonite: Superbugs' march prompts expansion of a testing and database program", The Record (June 30, 2003), p. F-1.
  6. ↑ Alex Paul, "Hospital cuts MRSA infection", Albany Democrat-Herald (December 25, 2009), p. 3.
  7. ↑ "DHHS PACCARB Meeting". US Dept of Health and Human Services. 2018-10-17. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  8. ↑ "PACCARB Meeting Notes" (PDF). Dept of Human Health Services. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  9. ↑ Health (ASH), Assistant Secretary for (2020-09-09). "Designated Representative: Elizabeth Dodds Ashley, PharmD, MHS, FCCP, BCPS". HHS.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-04.
  10. 1 2 3 "CDC AMR Challenge". CDC. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  11. ↑ "Pharmacy Times-AMR Challenge". Pharmacy Times. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  12. ↑ "CDC Appropriate Antibiotic Use". CDC. 2019-08-29. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  13. ↑ "SIDP - Stewardship Advocacy Toolkit". www.sidp.org. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  14. ↑ "Join the AMR Challenge". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2021-02-26. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  15. ↑ "Secretary Azar's Remarks on AMR Challenge at United Nations General Assembly". 2019-09-24. Retrieved September 24, 2019.
  16. ↑ Murray, Christopher J L; Ikuta, Kevin Shunji; Sharara, Fablina; Swetschinski, Lucien; Robles Aguilar, Gisela; Gray, Authia; Han, Chieh; Bisignano, Catherine; Rao, Puja; Wool, Eve; Johnson, Sarah C; Browne, Annie J; Chipeta, Michael Give; Fell, Frederick; Hackett, Sean (February 2022). "Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis". The Lancet. 399 (10325): 629–655. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)02724-0. ISSN   0140-6736. PMC   8841637 . PMID   35065702.
  17. 1 2 3 "Pass the PASTEUR Act Now | Fight Infectious Disease". PFID/VacciNATION. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  18. ↑ "DISARM Act IDSA News Release". IDSA. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  19. ↑ "DISARM Act Letter of Support" (PDF). AAAAI. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  20. ↑ "Strategies to Address Antimicrobial Resistance (STAAR) Act" (PDF). www.idsociety.org. Retrieved August 13, 2023.
  21. 1 2 "BIO Preparedness Workforce Act". www.idsociety.org. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  22. ↑ Cosgrove, SE (December 2014). "Guidance for the knowledge and skills required for antimicrobial stewardship leaders". Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 35 (12): 1444–51. doi:10.1086/678592. PMID   25419765. S2CID   12009026.
  23. ↑ Heil, EL (July 2016). "The Essential Role of Pharmacists in Antimicrobial Stewardship". Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 37 (7): 753–754. doi: 10.1017/ice.2016.82 . PMID   27072411.
  24. ↑ "COVID-19 Guideline, Part 1: Treatment and Management". www.idsociety.org. 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-18.
  25. ↑ Tsuji, BT (January 2019). "International Consensus Guidelines for the Optimal Use of the Polymyxins". Pharmacotherapy. 39 (1): 10–39. doi: 10.1002/phar.2209 . PMC   7437259 . PMID   30710469.
  26. ↑ Aitken, SL (April 2016). "Agricultural Applications for Antimicrobials. A Danger to Human Health: An Official Position Statement of the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists". Pharmacotherapy. 36 (4): 422–432. doi:10.1002/phar.1737. PMID   26954889. S2CID   22853175.
  27. ↑ Klepser, ME (August 2017). "A call to action for outpatient antibiotic stewardship". Journal of the American Pharmacists Association. 57 (4): 457–463. doi:10.1016/j.japh.2017.03.013. PMID   28499717.
  28. ↑ "SIDP Annual Meeting". SIDP. Retrieved September 21, 2019.
  29. ↑ "IDWeek Conference" . Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  30. ↑ "IDSA News Release: Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists Joins IDWeek". IDSA. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  31. ↑ "SIDP - SIDP Education Center". sidp.org. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  32. ↑ "SIDP - Grants". sidp.org. Retrieved 2022-08-18.
  33. ↑ "Recertification Guide". Board of Pharmacy Specialties. Retrieved 2022-08-18.
  34. ↑ "SIDP - ID Pharmacists and Antibiotics". www.sidp.org. Retrieved 2022-08-18.


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