Sophie Meunier (born c. 1967 in Paris, France [1] ) is a senior research scholar in Public and International Affairs at Princeton University's School of Public and International Affairs (formerly known as the Woodrow Wilson School). She is the Director of Princeton's Program in Contemporary European Politics and Society and the Co-director of the European Union Program at Princeton, which she founded with Andrew Moravcsik. [2] She also served as Acting Director [3] of the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination at Princeton (2023-2024). She was elected Chair of the European Union Studies Association, [4] the world's premier scholarly association for the study of the European Union and the process of European integration [5] (2023-2024). A Franco-American political scientist, she is an expert in European integration, the politics of European trade and investment policy, [6] and the politics of anti-Americanism. [7] [8] Meunier is a faculty fellow in Yeh College at Princeton University.
Her first book, The French Challenge: Adapting to Globalization (Brookings Institution Press, 2001), co-written with Philip H. Gordon, won the 2002 France-Ameriques Book Award. [9] [10] Paul Krugman called it "a terrific book, especially for those of us who were wondering how France manages to thrive in the very global economy it denounces". [11] Her second book, Trading Voices: The European Union in International Commercial Negotiations (Princeton University Press, 2005), has been praised by Pascal Lamy as "the first authoritative study of the trade policy of the European Union". [12]
She has published many articles in academic journals, as well as in magazines and newspapers such as Foreign Affairs , [13] [14] Foreign Policy , [15] Le Monde , Le Figaro , and The Huffington Post . [16]
Meunier has been actively involved in promoting the study of the European Union in the United States. She has been secretary of the European Union Studies Association and vice-chair (2021-2023), before being Chair of EUSA (2023-2024). She is a former elected member of the executive committee of the Council for European Studies, the leading academic organization for the study of Europe, with a membership of more than 100 institutions and 1,000 individuals. [17] She was the co-chair of the 2010 Conference Program Committee of the Council for European Studies in Montreal, April 15–17, 2010. She was also elected on the board of the European Union Studies Association (2003–2007) and was secretary of this association (2005–2007).
She received her BA in political science from Sciences Po Paris and her Ph.D. in political science from M.I.T. She was named Chevalier de l'Ordre des Palmes Academiques by the French government in 2011 [18] and currently resides in Princeton, New Jersey.
Meunier's theoretical and empirical research studies the politics of globalization, notably the interactions between European integration and globalization and their impact on international institutions and domestic politics. She has analyzed both how economic globalization challenges politics in the European Union and how European countries have reacted to, adapted to, and in turn shaped globalization. Her most well-known contributions are the following:
In international relations, the liberal international order (LIO), also known as rules-based order, describes a set of global, rule-based, structured relationships based on political liberalism, economic liberalism and liberal internationalism since the late 1940s. More specifically, it entails international cooperation through multilateral institutions and is constituted by human equality, open markets, security cooperation, promotion of liberal democracy, and monetary cooperation. The order was established in the aftermath of World War II, led in large part by the United States.
International political economy (IPE) is the study of how politics shapes the global economy and how the global economy shapes politics. A key focus in IPE is on the power of different actors such as nation states, international organizations and multinational corporations to shape the international economic system and the distributive consequences of international economic activity. It has been described as the study of "the political battle between the winners and losers of global economic exchange."
Globalism has multiple meanings. In political science, it is used to describe "attempts to understand all of the interconnections of the modern world—and to highlight patterns that underlie them". While primarily associated with world-systems, it can be used to describe other global trends. The concept of globalism is also classically used to focus on ideologies of globalization instead of its processes ; in this sense, "globalism" is to globalization what "nationalism" is to nationality.
The European Monetary System (EMS) was a multilateral adjustable exchange rate agreement in which most of the nations of the European Economic Community (EEC) linked their currencies to prevent large fluctuations in relative value. It was initiated in 1979 under then President of the European Commission Roy Jenkins as an agreement among the Member States of the EEC to foster monetary policy co-operation among their Central Banks for the purpose of managing inter-community exchange rates and financing exchange market interventions.
Europeanisation refers to a number of related phenomena and patterns of change:
Gilford John Ikenberry is a theorist of international relations and United States foreign policy, and the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University. He is known for his work on liberal International Relations theory, such as the books After Victory (2001) and Liberal Leviathan (2011). He has been described as "the world's leading scholar of the liberal international order."
Susan Strange was a British political economist, author, and journalist who was "almost single-handedly responsible for creating international political economy." Notable publications include Sterling and British Policy (1971), Casino Capitalism (1986), States and Markets (1988), The Retreat of the State (1996), and Mad Money (1998).
Andrew Maitland Moravcsik is professor of politics and international affairs, director of the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination, and founding director of both the European Union Program and the International Relations Faculty Colloquium at Princeton University.
Walter Mattli is a supernumerary fellow at St. John's College of the University of Oxford, England. He served as fellow in politics at St. John's College and professor of international political economy in the Department of Politics and International Relations at Oxford. Mattli was a senior member of the Oxford International Relations Society.
Philip H. "Phil" Gordon is an American diplomat and foreign policy professional. Since March 21, 2022, he has served as Assistant to the President and National Security Advisor to the Vice President of the United States, Kamala Harris. Earlier in his career, he was Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs (2009–2011) and Special Assistant to the President and White House Coordinator for the Middle East, North Africa, and the Persian Gulf Region (2013–2015) during the presidency of Barack Obama.
Justin Pierre Albert Vaïsse is a French historian and intellectual. Since March 2019, he is the Director General of the Paris Peace Forum organization, an independent NGO he founded in 2018 under the impetus of French President Emmanuel Macron. The Paris Peace Forum is an annual event that aims at promoting new rules and solutions to address the global challenges of our time. Prior to this role, he was Director of Policy Planning at the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 2013 to 2019.
The European Union Studies Association (EUSA), founded 1988, is a scholarly and professional association with its focus on the European Union, the processes of its integration, and its transatlantic relations.
Kent E. Calder was the interim dean of the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), serves as the director of the Edwin O. Reischauer Center for East Asian Studies, and is also the Edwin O. Reischauer Professor of East Asian Studies at SAIS. Calder previously served as the vice dean for faculty affairs and international research cooperation at SAIS.
Karen J. Alter is an American academic, well known for her interdisciplinary work on international law's influence in international and domestic politics. Alter is a figure in comparative international courts and the politics of international regime complexity. Her early work focused on the European Court of Justice, a topic on which she published two books and many articles. Karen Alter is a Guggenheim Fellow, and the winner of a Berlin Prize from the American Academy in Berlin. Alter has a courtesy appointment at Northwestern Law School. Fluent in French, Italian and German, Alter has conducted research throughout Europe, Africa and Latin America.
Sara Binzer Hobolt, FBA is a Danish political scientist, who specialises in European politics and electoral behaviour. She holds the Sutherland Chair in European Institutions at the London School of Economics and Political Science.
Philipp Genschel is a German political scientist. He currently holds the Joint Chair in European Public Policy at the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies and the Department of Political and Social Sciences of the European University Institute in Florence, Italy. Before joining the EUI, he was a professor of political science at Jacobs University Bremen, Germany, and a research associate at the Max-Planck-Institute for the Study of Societies in Cologne, Germany.
Kathleen (Kate) R. McNamara is a professor in the Government Department and the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. She previously served as the director of the Mortara Center for International Studies and currently serves as co-director of the Global Political Economy Project. In 2018, she was named Distinguished Scholar of International Political Economy by the International Studies Association. Her research focuses on the international political economy of the European Union and the role of ideas, identity, and culture.
Nathalie Tocci is an Italian political scientist and international relations expert. She specializes in the role of the European Union (EU) in international affairs and peacekeeping, and the relationship between European states. She currently serves as the Director of the Istituto Affari Internazionali, and has also worked as an advisor to the government of Italy and to EU officials on foreign policy issues.
Roger Daniel Kelemen is a scholar of law and political science. He is McCourt Chair at the McCourt School of Public Policy at Georgetown University, having previously been on the faculties of Rutgers University and the University of Oxford. He is also a Senior Associate (Non-Resident) in the Europe, Russia, and Eurasia Program of the Center for Strategic and International Studies. His 2011 book Eurolegalism: The Transformation of Law and Regulation in the European Union was named best book by the European Union Studies Association.
Elections to the European Parliament saw declining voter turnout between 1979 and 2014. However, voter turnout in 2019 European elections increased by 8 points compared to 2014. In spite of this exception for all Member States, the electoral mobilization remains weak compared to the national parliamentary elections. Moreover, turnout significantly differs from one country to another in Europe and across a time: in 2019 Belgium citizens participated the most with 88.47% and Slovakians the less with 22.74%. The potential factors that might influence these trends and their implications have attracted great scholarly attention. Identifying and analysing the factors that determine the relative low turnout at European elections is therefore critical, as it is one element that weakens the democratic legitimacy of the European Parliament.
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