Sparkes Bay

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Sparkes Bay ( 66°22′S110°32′E / 66.367°S 110.533°E / -66.367; 110.533 Coordinates: 66°22′S110°32′E / 66.367°S 110.533°E / -66.367; 110.533 ) is a bay, 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) wide and indenting 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) between Mitchell Peninsula on the north and Robinson Ridge and Odbert Island on the south, in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Robert S. Sparkes, U.S. Navy, military leader at Wilkes Station in 1958.

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

Bay A recessed, coastal body of water connected to an ocean or lake

A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a gulf, sea, sound, or bight. A cove is a type of smaller bay with a circular inlet and narrow entrance. A fjord is a particularly steep bay shaped by glacial activity.

Mitchell Peninsula is a rocky peninsula, 2.5 nautical miles (5 km) long and 2 nautical miles (4 km) wide, lying between O'Brien Bay and Sparkes Bay at the east side of the Windmill Islands, Antarctica. It was first mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947 and thought to be an island connected by a steep snow ramp to the continental ice overlying Budd Coast, though the term peninsula was considered more appropriate by the Wilkes Station party of 1957. Mitchell Peninsula was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Captain Ray A. Mitchell, U.S. Navy, captain of the USS Cacapon, a tanker of the western task group of Operation Highjump, Task Force 68 of 1946–47.

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates  public domain material from the United States Geological Survey document "Sparkes Bay" (content from the Geographic Names Information System ).

United States Geological Survey scientific agency of the United States government

The United States Geological Survey is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The organization has four major science disciplines, concerning biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility.

Geographic Names Information System geographical database

The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its territories. It is a type of gazetteer. GNIS was developed by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) to promote the standardization of feature names.


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Browning Peninsula

Browning Peninsula is a rocky peninsula, 4 miles (6.4 km) long, separating Penney Bay and Eyres Bay at the south end of the Windmill Islands. It was first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Commander Charles L. Browning, U.S. Navy, chief staff officer with Operation Windmill and later staff officer with Task Force 43, the logistic arm of U.S. Navy Operation Deep Freeze, 1955–56.

O'Brien Bay is a bay lying between Bailey Peninsula and Mitchell Peninsula on the Budd Coast. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Clement E. O'Brien, United States Navy, communications officer with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill which established astronomical control stations in the Windmill Islands in 1948.

O'Connor Island is a rocky island, 1 nautical mile long, between Holl and Ford Islands in the south part of the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by United States Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Joseph (Jerry) J. O'Connor, who served as air crewman with the eastern task group of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and assisted U.S. Navy Operation Windmill parties in establishing astronomical control stations between Wilhelm II Coast and Budd Coast during the 1947-48 season.

The Gillies Islands are three small, rocky islands protruding above Shackleton Ice Shelf 3 nautical miles (6 km) north of Cape Moyes.

The Alexander Nunataks are two coastal nunataks at the southern limit of the Windmill Islands, standing on the shore of Penney Bay 0.4 nautical miles (0.7 km) east of the base of the Browning Peninsula. They were first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Photographer's Mate H.N. Alexander, a member of one of the two Operation Windmill photographic units that obtained air and ground photos of the area in January 1948.

Campbell Nunatak is a coastal nunatak at the southeast limit of the Windmill Islands, overlooking the southeast extremity of Penney Bay 3 nautical miles (6 km) east-northeast of the Alexander Nunataks. It was first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for H. Campbell, Jr., a member of one of the two Operation Windmill photographic units which obtained air and ground photos of the area in January 1948.

Nicholson Island is the westernmost of the Bailey Rocks, lying 0.1 nautical miles (0.2 km) northeast of Budnick Hill in Newcomb Bay, Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946-47. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for R.T. Nicholson, senior carpenter, who took a leading part in the construction of nearby Casey Station in 1966.

Niles Island is a rocky island, 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) long, lying close off the south end of Holl Island in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for G.W. Niles, a member of the U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and U.S. Navy Operation Windmill photographic units which photographed the area in February 1947 and January 1948, respectively.

Warrington Island is a rocky island, 0.7 nautical miles (1.3 km) long, lying immediately south of Pidgeon Island in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946-47. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for W.H. Warrington, photographer's mate on U.S. Navy Operation Highjump flights in this and other coastal areas between 14 and 164 East longitude.

Werlein Island is a rocky island 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) long, lying 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) southeast of Holl Island in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Ens. Richard O. Werlein, U.S. Navy, assistant hydrographic officer with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill which established astronomical control stations in the area in January 1948.

Goldenberg Ridge is a linear rocky eminence, 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) long, which extends in a northwest–southeast direction along the east side of Browning Peninsula, at the south end of the Windmill Islands, Antarctica. It was first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Burton D. Goldenberg, a meteorologist and member of the Wilkes Station party of 1962.

Midgley Island is a rocky island, 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) long, lying immediately south of Hollin Island in the Windmill Islands of Antarctica. It was first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. The island was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant E.W. Midgley, an Army Medical Corps observer who assisted Operation Windmill parties in establishing astronomical control stations between Wilhelm II Coast and Budd Coast during the 1947–48 season.

Longs Nunatak is a coastal nunatak 1 nautical mile (2 km) northwest of Campbell Nunatak, facing on Penney Bay at the south end of the Windmill Islands, Antarctica. It was first mapped in 1955 from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and was named by Carl R. Eklund, scientific leader at Wilkes Station during the International Geophysical Year, for Robert L. Long, Jr., an ionospheric physicist at Wilkes in 1957.

The Løken Moraines are a line of north-south trending moraines, about 7 nautical miles (13 km) long, lying from 0.5 to 2 nautical miles inland from the Windmill Islands off Antarctica, just east of the bases of Clark, Bailey and Mitchell Peninsulas. The moraines were first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47) and Operation Windmill (1947–48), and were named by Carl R. Eklund for Olav Løken, a Norwegian glaciologist who was a member of the Wilkes Station party, 1957.

Saunders Hill is a rounded, rocky hill which projects into the southeast part of O'Brien Bay, just east of the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946-47. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) after William Y. Saunders, biologist at Wilkes Station in 1961.

Spano Island is a small rocky island 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) north of the west end of Herring Island, in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Angelo F. Spano, meteorologist and member of the Wilkes Station party of 1960.

Teigan Island is a rocky island, 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) long, lying 0.1 nautical miles (0.2 km) northeast of Bosner Island, near the south end of the Windmill Islands. First mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for B. Teigan, who served as air crewman with the central task group of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and also with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill which obtained aerial and ground photographic coverage of the Windmill Islands in January 1948.

Remenchus Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Remenchus Glacier is a channel glacier about 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide and 8 nautical miles (15 km) long, flowing northwest from the continental ice and terminating in a small, but prominent tongue close east of the Mariner Islands and 12 nautical miles (22 km) northeast of Bunger Hills. Mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for John F. Remenchus, chief aviation pilot, who assisted U.S. Navy Operation Windmill shore party operations and made photographic flights along Wilhelm II, Queen Mary, Knox and Budd Coasts in January–February 1948.

Robinson Ridge is a rocky coastal peninsula between Sparkes Bay and Penney Bay, at the east side of the Windmill Islands. It was first mapped from air photos taken by the U.S. Navy Operation Highjump on February 1947. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Commander Frederick G. Robinson, U.S. Navy, aerological officer with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill which established astronomical control stations in the area in January 1948.