The Special Investigation Committee of Anti-National Activities (Korean : 반민족행위특별조사위원회;abbreviated 반민특위) was established by the Constituent National Assembly to investigate those who actively cooperated with the Japanese Empire during the Japanese colonial period and conducted viciously anti-ethnic acts. [1] There is one special committee.
The Constituent Assembly passed the Anti-People of Punishment Act on September 7,1948,to punish those who actively cooperated in the robbery of sovereignty,independence activists under Japanese imperialism,or those who violently killed or persecuted their families. [2] The anti-communist clouded the national period by using the special police station under its ambition,arresting Park Heung-sik,a bad entrepreneur of the Japanese colonial era,and Choi Nam-sun and Yi Kwang-su,who defended the Japanese people and brought them to the battlefield. Many of the pro-Japanese students who had been found were searched. [3]
Due to the systematic disturbance of the Syngman Rhee regime,which used the pro-Japanese factions after the liberation,the activities of the anti-citizens were sluggish,and on 6 June 1949,the Special Police Forces were forced to disband. The parliamentary midterm will shorten special periods. [3]
The Jeju uprising,known in South Korea as the Jeju April 3 incident,was an uprising on Jeju Island from April 1948 to May 1949. A year prior to its start,residents of Jeju had begun protesting elections scheduled by the United Nations Temporary Commission on Korea (UNTCOK) to be held in the United States-occupied half of Korea,which they believed would entrench the division of the country. A general strike was later organised by the Workers' Party of South Korea (WPSK) from February to March 1948. The WPSK launched an insurgency in April 1948,attacking police and Northwest Youth League members stationed on Jeju who had been mobilized to suppress the protests by force. The First Republic of Korea under President Syngman Rhee escalated the suppression of the uprising from August 1948,declaring martial law in November and beginning an "eradication campaign" against rebel forces in the rural areas of Jeju in March 1949,defeating them within two months. Many rebel veterans and suspected sympathizers were later killed upon the outbreak of the Korean War in June 1950,and the existence of the Jeju uprising was officially censored and repressed in South Korea for several decades.
The National Intelligence Service is the chief intelligence agency of South Korea. The agency was officially established in 1961 as the Korean Central Intelligence Agency,during the rule of general Park Chung Hee’s military Supreme Council for National Reconstruction,which displaced the Second Republic of Korea. The original duties of the KCIA were to supervise and coordinate both international and domestic intelligence activities and criminal investigations by all government intelligence agencies,including that of the military. The agency’s broad powers allowed it to actively intervene in politics. Agents undergo years of training and checks before they are officially inducted and receive their first assignments.
The People's Republic of Korea was a short-lived provisional government that was organized at the time of the surrender of the Empire of Japan at the end of World War II. It was proclaimed on 6 September 1945,as Korea was being divided into two occupation zones,with the Soviet Union occupying the north and the United States occupying the south. Based on a network of people's committees,it presented a program of radical social change.
The United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) was the official ruling body of the Southern half of the Korean Peninsula from 8 September 1945 to 15 August 1948.
The second Republic of Korea was the government of South Korea from April 1960 to May 1961.
The Special Higher Police,often abbreviated Tokkō,was,from 1911 to 1945,a Japanese policing organization,established within the Home Ministry for the purpose of carrying out high policing,domestic criminal investigations,and control of political groups and ideologies deemed to threaten the public order of the Empire of Japan. As the civilian counterpart to the military police forces of the Kenpeitai (army) and of the Tokkeitai (navy),the Tokkō's functions were criminal investigation and counter-espionage. The Tokubetsu KōtōKeisatsu was also known by various nicknames such as the Peace Police and as the Thought Police.
Censorship in South Korea is implemented by various laws that were included in the constitution as well as acts passed by the National Assembly over the decades since 1948. These include the National Security Act,whereby the government may limit the expression of ideas that it perceives "praise or incite the activities of anti-state individuals or groups". Censorship was particularly severe during the country's authoritarian era,with freedom of expression being non-existent,which lasted from 1948 to 1993.
Chinilpa is a derogatory Korean language term describing ethnic Koreans who collaborated with Imperial Japan during either the forced protectorship period (1905–1910) or the colonial period (1910–1945). The term builbae has also been used to describe collaborators.
The Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army was the main anti-Japanese guerrilla army in Northeast China (Manchuria) after the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. Its predecessors were various anti-Japanese volunteer armies organized by locals and the Manchuria branches of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). In February 1936,the CCP,in accordance with the instructions of the Communist International,issued The Declaration of the Unified Organization of Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and marked the official formation of the organization.
The Korean National Police Agency (KNPA),also known as the Korean National Police (KNP),is one of the national police organizations in South Korea. It is run under the Ministry of the Interior and Safety and is headquartered in Seodaemun,Seoul. The agency is divided into 18 local police agencies,including the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency. Local police agencies are not independent of the national police.
The Special Law to Redeem Pro-Japanese Collaborators' Property (Korean: 친일반민족행위자재산의국가귀속에관한특별법) is a policy passed by the South Korean National Assembly on December 8,2005,and enacted on December 29,2005. Under this law,the South Korean government is able to seize land and other properties owned by Korean collaborators and their descendants who collaborated with the Empire of Japan during Japan's takeover and annexation of the country. The bill defines as collaborators people who took part in Japan’s annexation of Korea in 1910,received titles from the Japanese colonial government,or served as parliamentarians in Japanese Korea. The confiscated assets are allegedly used to compensate pro-independence activists and their offspring.
The Public Security Intelligence Agency is the domestic intelligence agency of Japan. It is administered by the Ministry of Justice and is tasked with internal security and espionage against threats to Japanese national security based on the Subversive Activities Prevention Act and the Act Regarding the Control of Organizations Which Committed Indiscriminate Mass Murder. Any investigation conducted by the agency needs to go through the Public Security Examination Commission (PSEC) in order to determine if there is a justification to investigate and clamp down on an organization's activities.
The Autumn Uprising of 1946,also called the 10.1 Daegu Uprising of 1946 was a peasant uprising in South Korea against the policies of the United States Army Military Government in Korea headed by General John R. Hodge and in favor of restoration of power to the people's committees that made up the People's Republic of Korea. The uprising is also sometimes called the Daegu Riot or Daegu Resistance Movement. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Korea uses a neutral name,the Daegu October Incident.
Song Young-gil is a South Korean politician who served as the Leader of the centre-liberal Democratic Party from 2 May 2021 until 10 March 2022. He was Member of the National Assembly,as well as the Chairman of the Foreign Affairs and Unification Committee of the 21st National Assembly. He also held various positions such as the Chair of the Democratic Party's Special Committee on Peace and Cooperation in Northeast Asia and as the Chair of the Presidential Committee on Northern Economic Cooperation. He previously served as Mayor of Incheon from 2010 to 2014. Prior to serving as mayor,he was a democratic movement student activist and a member of the Korean National Assembly for three terms. He is a practicing Catholic.
Yu Chin-san was a South Korean politician and Korean independence activist. He was born with the name Youngpil but adopted the name Chin-san and the art name Okgye later in life.
Censorship of Japanese media in South Korea refers to laws created by the government of South Korea to prevent the import and distribution of media from Japan. These laws were a reaction to the decades-long Japanese occupation of Korea. As a result,South Koreans had no legal access to Japanese media at all until the 1990s. As of 2018,there are still several laws restricting broadcasting of Japanese media in South Korea.
The National Committee for Investigation of the Truth about the Jeju 4.3 Events was a truth commission in South Korea established in 2000. The commission aimed to investigate the Jeju 4.3 events,which refers to a "series of armed uprisings and counterinsurgency that occurred between 1948 and 1954 on Jeju island,the largest island in the southernmost part of South Korea." Announcing 14,028 victims,the first report of the commission was published in 2003,following an official apology by President Roh Moo-hyun,and his participation in a memorial service held in commemoration of the events,in 2006. However the commission continued to be in operation through 2009,carrying out various reparation projects as well as the screening of victims,thus making it the lengthiest truth commission in history.
Ho Hon was a Korean independence activist in Japanese controlled Korea and politician in the early years of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. As a lawyer,he defended independence activists along with Lee In and Kim Byong-ro. In September 1948,following the official proclamation on the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in the northern part of the Korean peninsula,he was elected a delegate to the first convocation of the Supreme People's Assembly,the unicameral parliament of North Korea. He also served as the President of Kim Il Sung University. While working as a reunification activist,he drowned in the Chongchon River in August 1951. He was also the father of Ho Jong-suk,a female activist and a politician in North Korea.
The General Staff Headquarters,also known as the General Staff Headquarters in Manchuria of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea,or the General Staff Headquarters in Manchuria,was an militant Korean independence organization under the direct control of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea,organized in 1924 in Jianhyeon,Manchuria. The General Staff Headquarters,which received formal approval from the Provisional Government on June 26,1924,included each prefecture in Jian,Fusong,Changbai,Ando,Tonghwa,and Yuhwa. The General Staff Headquarters carried out an anti-Japanese campaign under the jurisdiction of the Korean community. They also serve as an autonomous region striving for the stability of life,economic development,and education of Koreans residing in Manchuria,the General Staff Headquarters also sought to gain independence by developing an anti-Japanese movement.
Yang Se-bong was a Korean independence activist and the commander-in-chief of the Korean Revolutionary Army of the National People's Prefecture,during the Japanese colonial period. General Yang Se-bong has joined several independence organization training and leading resistance fighters against the Japanese military and police in Manchuria and Korea. Yang Se-bong was a leader who was transcendent,who warmly embraced the mistakes of his subordinates and did not criticize them under any circumstances. Yang posthumously received the recipient of the Order of Merit for National Foundation.