Related Research Articles
Leghemoglobin is an oxygen-carrying phytoglobin found in the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of leguminous plants. It is produced by these plants in response to the roots being colonized by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, termed rhizobia, as part of the symbiotic interaction between plant and bacterium: roots not colonized by Rhizobium do not synthesise leghemoglobin. Leghemoglobin has close chemical and structural similarities to hemoglobin, and, like hemoglobin, is red in colour. It was originally thought that the heme prosthetic group for plant leghemoglobin was provided by the bacterial symbiont within symbiotic root nodules. However, subsequent work shows that the plant host strongly expresses heme biosynthesis genes within nodules, and that activation of those genes correlates with leghemoglobin gene expression in developing nodules.
Nod factors, are signaling molecules produced by soil bacteria known as rhizobia in response to flavonoid exudation from plants under nitrogen limited conditions. Nod factors initiate the establishment of a symbiotic relationship between legumes and rhizobia by inducing nodulation. Nod factors produce the differentiation of plant tissue in root hairs into nodules where the bacteria reside and are able to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere for the plant in exchange for photosynthates and the appropriate environment for nitrogen fixation. One of the most important features provided by the plant in this symbiosis is the production of leghemoglobin, which maintains the oxygen concentration low and prevents the inhibition of nitrogenase activity.
Bradyrhizobium ottawaense is a nitrogen fixing bacterium from the genus of Bradyrhizobium which has been isolated from the nodules of soybeans in Ottawa in Canada.
Sphingobacterium alimentarium is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from a dairy environment in Germany.
Sphingobacterium anhuiense is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from forest soil in the Anhui province in China.
Sphingobacterium changzhouense is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from soil from a rice field in Jiangsu in China.
Sphingobacterium cladoniae is a Gram-negative and strictly aerobic bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from the lichen cladonia from the Geogeum Island in Korea.
Sphingobacterium composti is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, short rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from cotton waste compost in Korea.
Sphingobacterium hotanense is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from the Populus euphratica forest from the Hotan River valley in China.
Sphingobacterium kitahiroshimense is a Gram-negative, exopolysaccharide-degrading, strictly aerobic and chemoheterotrophic bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from soil from the city Kitahiroshima on Japan.
Sphingobacterium lactis is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from raw milk in Bavaria in Germany.
Sphingobacterium nematocida is a Gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from the tobacco-plant Nicotiana tabacum in Yuxi in China.
Sphingobacterium paludis is a Gram-negative bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from soil from the Xixi wetland in China.
Sphingobacterium shayense is a bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from forest soil from a Populus euphratica forest in Xinjiang in China.
Sphingobacterium thermophilum is a Gram-negative and strictly aerobic bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from compost.
Microbacterium shaanxiense is a Gram-positive and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Microbacterium which has been isolated from the surface of a root nodule from a soybean Glycine max.
Sphingobacterium chuzhouense is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from farmland soil from Chuzhouin China.
Diaphorobacter is a genus of bacteria from the family of Comamonadaceae.
Diaphorobacter ruginosibacter is a Gram-negative and non-endospores-forming bacterium from the genus of Diaphorobacter which has been isolated from root nodule of soybean plant near Baoji in China.
Sphingobacterium olei is a Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile bacterium. It was first isolated from oil-contaminated soil in Daqing oil field, China. S. olei has been found to be able to degrade herbicides quizalofop-p-ethyl and diclofop-methyl. Before a name was given, S. olei was designated as strain HAL-9T. The species name olei means “oil” in Latin.
References
- 1 2 Parte, A.C. "Sphingobacterium". LPSN .
- 1 2 "Sphingobacterium yanglingense". www.uniprot.org.
- ↑ "Details: DSM-28353". www.dsmz.de.
- ↑ Peng, S.; Hong, D. D.; Xin, Y. B.; Jun, L. M.; Hong, W. G. (28 August 2014). "Sphingobacterium yanglingense sp. nov., isolated from the nodule surface of soybean". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 64 (Pt 11): 3862–3866. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.068254-0 . PMID 25168614.