Spirit of the Dawn (ship)

Last updated
History
Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svgUnited Kingdom
OwnerJ. Bell and Son
Port of registry Liverpool
BuilderT. R. Oswald and Co.
Launched1869
FateWrecked on 4 September 1893
General characteristics
Tonnage692 tons
Sail plan Barque

Spirit of the Dawn was a British 692-ton iron barque that wrecked in the Antipodes Islands on 4 September 1893. She was built at Sunderland in 1869 by T. R. Oswald and Co. and owned by J. Bell and Son of Liverpool. [1]

Contents

Wreck and rescue

On 4 September 1893, Spirit of the Dawn was en route from Rangoon, Burma, to Talcahuano, Chile, with a cargo of rice and under the command of Captain R. T. Millington. The ship encountered foggy weather in the Southern Ocean, struck rocks and sank, half a mile from the Antipodes Islands. Eleven of the crew took the boats and made it ashore but five other crew, including the captain, drowned.

Spirit of the Dawn's survivors landed at South Bay Antipodes South Bay.JPG
Spirit of the Dawn's survivors landed at South Bay

The survivors lived on the archipelago's main island until they were rescued on 30 November, 88 days later, by NZGSS Hinemoa under the command of Captain Fairchild. The castaways lived through the entire ordeal without managing to light a fire once and survived eating raw eggs, birds, and roots. A castaway depot had been cached on the island, but the survivors never found it.

The castaways were described as being in a "desperate state" by their rescuers. One crewmember, Felix Hewbert, required hospital treatment for frostbite on his right foot. He lost two toes and the first joint of the other toes from that foot. [1] An enquiry was held in Wellington on 11 December, before the Resident Magistrate and Captain Adams. The court held that there was no evidence to show how the ship came to be in that position and that all hands had done what they could to save lives. [2]

Crew

The ships crew: [3]

  • Robert T. Millington, captain – drowned
  • R. H. Horner, chief officer
  • J. Morrissey, second officer
  • Harry Davies, third officer
  • E. M. Bergthiem, apprentice
  • W. Clementson, apprentice
  • Cetti, steward – drowned
  • J. Petersen, carpenter – drowned
  • John J. Peers, able seaman
  • Thomas E. Ballard, able seaman
  • Bernhard V. Anderson, able seaman
  • C. D. Mason, able seaman
  • Frank McLaughlin, able seaman
  • Felix Hewbert, able seaman
  • Frank Vautier, able seaman – drowned
  • Peter Dawson, cook – drowned

Related Research Articles

Antipodes Islands Subantarctic archipelago of New Zealand

The Antipodes Islands are inhospitable and uninhabited volcanic islands in subantarctic waters to the south of – and territorially part of – New Zealand. The 21 km2 archipelago lies 860 km to the southeast of Stewart Island/Rakiura, and 730 km to the northeast of Campbell Island. They are very close to being the antipodal point to Normandy in France, meaning that the city farthest away is Cherbourg, France.

RMS <i>Tayleur</i>

RMS Tayleur was a full-rigged iron clipper ship chartered by the White Star Line. She was large, fast and technically advanced. She ran aground off Lambay Island and sank on her maiden voyage in 1854. Of more than 650 aboard, only 280 survived. She has been described as "the first Titanic".

SS <i>Wairarapa</i>

SS Wairarapa was a New Zealand ship of the late 19th century plying the route between Auckland, New Zealand and Australia. It came to tragic fame when it hit a reef at the northern edge of Great Barrier Island, about 100 km out from Auckland, and sank. The death toll of around 130 people remains one of the largest such losses in the country's history. The ship was named for the Wairarapa region.

<i>General Grant</i> (ship) American bark

General Grant was a 1,005-ton three-masted bark built in Maine in the United States in 1864 and registered in Boston, Massachusetts. She was named after Ulysses S. Grant and owned by Messers Boyes, Richardson & Co. She had a timber hull with a length of 179.5 ft, beam of 34.5 ft and depth of 21.5 ft. While on her way from Melbourne to London, General Grant crashed into a cliff on the west coast of main island of the Auckland Islands of New Zealand, and subsequently sank as a result. Sixty-eight people drowned and only 15 people survived.

Castaway Person who is cast adrift or ashore, usually in shipwreck

A castaway is a person who is cast adrift or ashore. While the situation usually happens after a shipwreck, some people voluntarily stay behind on a deserted island, either to evade captors or the world in general. A person may also be left ashore as punishment (marooned).

<i>Dundonald</i> (ship) Former British barque

Dundonald was a British four-masted steel barque measuring 2,205 gross register tons launched in Belfast in 1891. It was involved in a wreck in 1907 in the New Zealand Subantarctic Islands. Only 15 of its 28 crew survived; they were rescued seven months later by a scientific expedition.

Morning Star was launched at Calcutta, India, in 1813. She was wrecked on a coral reef south of Forbes Island, north Queensland in July 1814.

SS Hong Moh was a passenger ship that was wrecked on the White Rocks off Lamock Island, Swatow, on 3 March 1921 with the loss of about 900 lives.

Castaway depot Hut or store used to aid persons lost at sea

A castaway depot is a store or hut placed on an isolated island to provide emergency supplies and relief for castaways and victims of shipwrecks.

NZGSS <i>Hinemoa</i>

NZGSS Hinemoa was a 542-ton New Zealand Government Service Steamer designed specifically for lighthouse support and servicing, and also for patrolling New Zealand's coastline and carrying out castaway checks and searching for missing ships. It operated in New Zealand's territorial waters from 1876 to 1944.

John Bollons

John Peter Bollons was a New Zealand marine captain, naturalist and ethnographer. For many years he captained New Zealand government steamers, including the NZGSS Hinemoa, which undertook lighthouse work and patrols through New Zealand's subantarctic islands. Bollons Island, in the Antipodes Islands, is named after him. In 1928 he was appointed a Companion of the Imperial Service Order.

Grafton was a 56-ton schooner sailing out of Sydney during the 1860s that was wrecked on 3 January 1864 in the north arm of Carnley Harbour, Auckland Island, one of the New Zealand Subantarctic Islands, nearly 480 kilometres (300 mi) south of the South Island. Her castaway crew waited a year for a ship to come to their rescue, which, it soon became apparent, would not come. Six months later, three men decided to set out in a dinghy and managed to cross a distance of 450 kilometres (280 mi) to Stewart Island, 30 kilometres (20 mi) south of New Zealand's South Island. They then funded a rescue mission to pick up their remaining companions. The crew spent a total of 18 months on the sub-Antarctic island and, despite their ordeal, all survived.

The Invercauld was an 1,100-ton sailing vessel that was wrecked on the Auckland Islands in 1864.

Anjou was a 1,642 gross register tons (GRT), French steel barque built in 1899. It was wrecked in the Auckland Islands in 1905.

Compadre was an iron barque of 800 tons that was wrecked in the Auckland Islands in 1891.

Netherby was a full-rigged sailing ship of the Black Ball Line that ran aground and sank off the coast of King Island—an island in Bass Strait between Tasmania and the Australian mainland—on 14 July 1866 while sailing from London to Brisbane.

Action of 10 March 1917

The action of 10 March 1917 was a single-ship action in the First World War between the Imperial German Navy merchant raider SMS Möwe and the defensively-armed New Zealand Shipping Company cargo ship Otaki. Otaki was sunk, but Möwe was badly damaged.

<i>Queen Bee</i> (ship)

The Queen Bee was a ship, constructed in Sunderland and launched in 1859. It was used primarily for transporting immigrants from England to New Zealand, having made about 11 journeys before grounding on Farewell Spit in 1877.

SS <i>Marquette</i> (1897)

SS Marquette was a British troopship of 7,057 tons which was torpedoed and sunk in the Aegean Sea 36 nautical miles (67 km) south of Salonica, Greece on 23 October 1915 by SM U-35, with the loss of 167 lives.

Libelle was a 650-ton iron-hulled barque, built in the Free City of Bremen in 1864. The ship was transporting quicksilver and passengers when she wrecked on the eastern reef of Wake Island in 1866.

References

  1. 1 2 "Fatal Wreck". The Star . Canterbury, NZ. December 4, 1893. p. 3. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
  2. "Shipping Enquiry". The Colonist. Nelson, NZ. December 13, 1893. p. 3. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
  3. "The Spirit of the Dawn Cast-Aways". Otago Witness . Dunedin, NZ. December 14, 1893. p. 17. Retrieved July 31, 2011.