A Doctor of Medicine is a medical degree, the meaning of which varies between different jurisdictions. In the United States, and some other countries, the M.D. denotes a professional degree. This generally arose because many in 18th-century medical professions trained in Scotland, which used the M.D. degree nomenclature. In England, however, Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (M.B.B.S.) was used: in the 19th century, it became the standard in Scotland too. Thus, in the United Kingdom, Ireland and other countries, the M.D. is a research doctorate, honorary doctorate or applied clinical degree restricted to those who already hold a professional degree (Bachelor's/Master's/Doctoral) in medicine. In those countries, the equivalent professional degree to the North American, and some others' usage of M.D. is still typically titled Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery.
A medical school is a tertiary educational institution, professional school, or forms a part of such an institution, that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians. Such medical degrees include the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery, Master of Medicine, Doctor of Medicine (MD), or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO). Many medical schools offer additional degrees, such as a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), master's degree (MSc) or other post-secondary education.
A Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery is a medical degree granted by medical schools or universities in countries that adhere to the United Kingdom's higher education tradition. Despite the historical distinction in nomenclature, these degrees are typically combined and conferred together. This degree is usually awarded as an undergraduate degree, but it can also be awarded at graduate-level medical institutions. The typical duration for completion is five to six years.
A number of professional degrees in dentistry are offered by dental schools in various countries around the world.
The Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) is a medical school located in Pondicherry, India. JIPMER is an Institute of National Importance (INI) and a tertiary care referral hospital. It is under the direct administrative control of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, and Government of India, with autonomy to run its internal administration.
Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute (BMCRI), formerly Bangalore Medical College (BMC), is a medical college in Bengaluru, India run by the Government of Karnataka. It is on K.R. Road, near City Market. It is one of ten government medical colleges in Karnataka. BMCRI is an autonomous institution under the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru.
The Kakatiya Medical College (KMC) is one of the premier medical schools of Telangana, located in Warangal district under the gamut of Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences and the National Medical Commission (NMC).
Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, also known as S.C.B Medical College and Hospital, is a public medical college in Cuttack, Odisha, India. It is named after Sriram Chandra Bhanj Deo.
There are five civil medical universities and one military medical academy in Myanmar (Burma). All medical schools are recognised by Myanmar Medical Council and State Government. They are:
Baroda Medical College is a medical educational institution for undergraduate and postgraduate medical studies that comes under the Faculty of Medicine of the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. It is located in the Raopura area at Vadodara, India. It is primarily affiliated with Sir Sayajirao General Hospital. The college was established in 1949.
The Nalanda Medical College and Hospital (NMCH) is a public medical college in Patna, Bihar, India. The institute was established in 1970 and is situated in Kankarbagh. It is a government-funded institute affiliated to Bihar University of Health science, Patna. It is recognized by National Medical Commission.
The Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) was established on 14 September 1972 in the name of the Regional Medical College. It is situated in a locality at Lamphelpat in Manipur, India. It is run by a society named "North Eastern Regional Medical College Society" which was duly registered under the Manipur Societies Registration Act, 1989.
As of 2021, 11 universities in Uganda offer medical schools. Admission to medical school requires the candidate to have attained a Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education (UACE) as well as proficiency in Biology or Zoology, Chemistry and Physics at A-level standards. Training leading to the degree of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB) lasts five years. Major examinations are conducted after the first, second and fifth year, with additional evaluations after each clinical rotation. After successful completion of the fifth year, candidates complete a year of internship under the supervision of specialists. Postgraduate training is available at Makerere University School of Medicine and other Public and Private Universities in a number of medical and surgical disciplines. The training takes three to four years and leads to the Master of Medicine (MMed) degree. The East, Central and Southern Africa College of Health Sciences is nowadays another alternative postgraduate training pathway in Uganda, such as Membership [MCS (ECSA)] and Fellowship [FCS (ECSA)] of the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA); as well as in Internal Medicine through the East, Central and Southern Africa College of Physicians (ECSACOP) and the College of Obstetrics and Gynecology of East, Central and Southern Africa (ECSACOG) for Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
The P.E.S. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (PESIMSR) is the first and only medical college in the town of Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India. It was established on 11 September 2001. It was inaugurated by Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam and N. Chandrababu Naidu. It is affiliated to Dr. YSR University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada. The medical college is run by the People's Education Society. The college has been approved by the Medical Council of India.
Nishtar Medical University is a public medical university located in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. It is one of the oldest medical institutions established after the creation of Pakistan. It offers degree programs in medicine, dentistry, allied health sciences and nursing. It is named after Sardar Abdur Rub Nishtar, Pakistan movement leader, and then Governor of Punjab, Pakistan.
Tripura Medical College & Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Memorial Teaching Hospital or TMC is a Government Medical College. The society was formed by Tripura government. TMC is located in the capital town of Tripura, Agartala, India. The college operates the hospital known as Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Memorial Teaching Hospital within the campus. The campus is located at Hapania under Bishalgarh sub-division of west Tripura district.
The Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital is a Government dental college located in Sealdah, Kolkata, in the state of West Bengal, India. It is affiliated to the West Bengal University of Health Sciences and is recognized by Dental Council of India. It teaches Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) and Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) courses in various specialties.
Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College is a Tamil Nadu government medical college established in 1986. The college is in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, and is named after former Iron and Steel Minister of India Mohan Kumaramangalam. It is recognised by the Medical Council of India. The school enrolls 100 MBBS and 102 postgraduate medical students. Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Nursing College is situated on the campus in a separate building.
Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences, Port Blair is a medical school in Port Blair, India. Andaman & Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences (ANIIMS) is a 100% Govt. funded College established by Andaman & Nicobar Medical Education and Research Society (ANIMERS) under Andaman & Nicobar Administration. The medical school is established under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for 'Establishment of new Medical Colleges attached with existing district/referral hospitals'.
The standard entry-to-practice degree in modern evidence-based medicine in India is the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS). Alternative systems of Medicine in India are Ayurveda (BAMS), Unani (BUMS), Siddha(BSMS), Homeopathy (BHMS). M.B.B.S. a credential earned upon completion of a five-and-a-half-year undergraduate program. The curriculum is divided into one year of preclinical studies in general science subjects and three and a half years of paraclinical and clinical studies, followed by a one-year clinical internship. Before beginning the internship, students are required to pass several examinations, the final one of which is conducted in two parts. Postgraduate education in medical specialties typically takes 3 additional years of study after the MBBS and concludes with the award of a Master of Surgery or Doctor of Medicine(MD). Postgraduate diplomas in medical specialities may also be awarded upon the completion of two-year training programs. After that a person can further get a degree in superspeciality in his or her respective branch after successful completion of 3 years of superspeciality in a medical college.
