Stacy Head was born in 1969 as the daughter of the former Katherine Hamberlin and Ernest Lynn Singleton. She grew up in Greensburg,Saint Helena Parish,in southeastern Louisiana.[2] She has a (younger) brother,Michael Lynn Singleton.[3]
Head is by profession an attorney-at-law;she clerked for Phelps Dunbar LLC from 1991 to 1995 when she finished her juris doctor degree at Louisiana State University's Paul M. Hebert Law Center and began working for Stanley,Flanagan &Reuter LLC. Her association with politics had begun when,as an undergraduate,she worked for the Louisiana Legislature although at the time she anticipated no notion of ever seeking elective office. That interest began in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina when the New Orleans City Council "unanimously asked Gov. Kathleen Blanco to extend daylight-saving time just for Orleans Parish"—an idea which Head found not only "impractical" but also "tinged with mad futility";she compared it to King Canute's attempt to hold back the sea.[2] In June 2007 she completed Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government course for Senior Executives in State and Local Government.[citation needed]
Head seeks reelection to District B in 2010.
Election to city council
Stacy Head was elected to the New Orleans City Council in 2006,defeating incumbent Renée Gill Pratt. Councilmember Head's candidacy benefited from concerns about governmental effectiveness and efficiency in dealing with Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath,developers who had obviated the desires of neighborhood residents,and affinities between incumbent Gill Pratt and then-CongressmanWilliam J. Jefferson (D),already under investigation on a variety of felony charges.[4]Bruce Nolan of the Times-Picayune has described as "intense,caffeinated personal" Head's approach to her work on the Council.[2] New Orleans writer Nordette Adams (nomme de plume VéritéParlant) has described Head as a "drama queen" (together with less-flattering designations).[5]
Garbage and e-mail controversies
In 2008,Councilmember Head began delving into the relationship between fees collected and services rendered by the Sanitation Department,[6] which,along with its director Veronica White,was alleged by WWL-TV New Orleans Channel 4 (CBS) to be on too-friendly terms with the office of mayor Ray Nagin.[7] The Council generally supported Head's inquiries.[citation needed]
Retaliation to garbage inquiry
White retaliated by giving thousands of e-mail messages,from the computer accounts of the four white members of the Council,to activist lawyer Tracie Washington,under the proviso of freedom of information but without proper redaction by city attorney Penya Moses-Fields,to remove statements protected by law. Washington,sympathetic to White,had set about to post the messages on the internet when a federal court,at the request of sources supportive of the Council,enjoined Washington from doing so and subpoenaed (and acquired) White's computers to thwart the possibility that messages on them from the Council might become published.[8]
That e-mail controversy followed on the heels of an earlier e-mail controversy,after WWL-TV New Orleans Channel 4 (CBS) sued the mayor's office in an attempt to gain 6 months of e-mails as a public record.[9]
In the context of the convoluted e-mail controversies Times-Picayune columnist Jarvis DeBerry proposed (perhaps tongue in cheek) that Council members communicate exclusively by means other than e-mail.[10] DeBerry's column was met with a letter-to-the-editor rejoinder by Steven J. Lane (a legal counsel in the city attorney's office),who—after analyzing the potential insecurities of communication via snail-mail,fax,telephone,and face-to-face conversation—described DeBerry's recommendation as folly.[11] DeBerry observed that Lane's assertions his office needed more time to vet the e-mails was met by Civil District Judge Madeleine Landrieu's retort that "We're not going to take thousands of hours";then DeBerry commented:
I don't know how to reconcile Lane's suggestion that going through all the e-mails amounts to a Herculean task with Lane's suggestion that going through all the e-mails can take a few weeks with Lane's suggestion that going through all the e-mails can take "thousands of hours."[12]
On 2009 May 27 the Times-Picayune reported that the number of e-mails involved in the suit by WWL-TV was 135,144 and that vetting of them could take up to 15 months,despite a cautionary statement that "We're not going to take thousands of hours" by District Judge Madeleine Landrieu.[13] On 2009 May 29 the Times-Picayune editorialized against a request by Lane that Louisiana Attorney GeneralBuddy Caldwell issue a legal opinion on the amount of time available to redact the e-mails and the nature of information which can be withheld. The editorial insisted that
The state's Open Records Act is a straightforward statute,with ample jurisprudence and set mechanisms for resolving disputes in court.[14]
Internet posting
On 2009 May 13,prior to a stay ordered by the state supreme court,Washington briefly posted on the internet certain of Head's e-mail messages. The messages,wrote Bruce Eggler in the Times-Picayune,appeared to have been chosen to cause her [Councilmember Head] maximum personal and political embarrassment.
They contain disparaging references to City Councilwoman Jackie Clarkson and other public figures and an irate description of the allegedly extravagant purchases of a food-stamp recipient in line ahead of Head at a grocery. In the latter message,Head,a Democrat,threatens to vote for "the freak" Republican presidential candidate John McCain and his "trash bag" running mate,Sarah Palin.[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]
Observing that in the e-mails Head had labeled Clarkson an "ASSS" (sic),James Gill took the occasion to criticize Head's spelling:
It is quite an achievement for an elected official to turn off Democrats and Republicans in one sentence,and no doubt Head will be more careful with her e-mails from now on. Perhaps that will improve her spelling.[22]
When Head began publishing the e-mail messages herself on 2009 May 18,[23] she was promptly interviewed by WDSU-TV. In the interview Head said that "The person who hates me deep down more than anything has had my e-mails" in referring to Tracie Washington.[24]
As Head's e-mail messages became public,by 2009 June 25 it was apparent that "hostility" (the word used by the Times-Picayune) between Head and Washington involved assessments of Washington's house,messages by Head to her lawyer confidante Nyka Scott alleging that Washington's home had been under-valued by the assessor to lower Washington's taxes. Head's e-mail also revealed thoughts and potential plans for a retaliatory demonstration in front of Washington's house after a demonstration by Washington's supporters in front of Head's house.[25] Head had incorrectly indicated Washington's house as being in the assessment territory of assessor Nancy Marshall,but the property is actually in the territory of assessor Henry Heaton. Both Marshall and Heaton said that Head had never communicated with either of them about the valuation of Washington's property—a request that they said would have been unethical in that the City Council reviews appeals of assessments retroactively but does not interfere with assessments of individuals proactively. City Council president Arnie Fielkow clarified:
I don't think it's right of us that are privileged to be on City Council to be asking others to look at assessments of particular people. I think that's very wrong.[26]
Head denied that alleging an underassessed value for Washington's property had anything to do with their nemesis relationship:
If somebody has done something that I perceive is wrong,are they then immune from me taking any appropriate action? I can't live that way. I try very hard to be even in the way that I deal with things. There are multiple entities that I've reported to the IRS,multiple entities that I've reported to the assessor as questionable nonprofit status.[27]
On 2009 December 7 an echo of the e-mail controversies reverberated when New Orleans police chief Warren J. Riley claimed that Head had written a derogatory e-mail about him. He had apparently trashed the e-mail and was unable to retrieve it when questioned at a press conference.[28]
Recall drive
Councilmember Head faced a recall petition in late 2008 continuing into 2009,ostensibly for not representing the African American community and then for her support of Republican candidate Anh "Joseph" Cao,in his successful 2008 challenge to incumbent Democratic U.S. Representative William J. Jefferson,considered Gill Pratt's ally or even mentor.[29] Two days (on 2009 December 8) after Cao's victory,WDSU-TV carried a statement by Mayor Nagin that Head had made "race-baiting" comments.[30] The vitriolic quality of the environment had already been evident in allegations on a left-wing web site dubbing Head a "notorious racist and poor people hater" as well as a "partner in evil" with fellow Council member James Carter,an African American.[31] The recall petition officially began on 2008 November 3,when recall leader Malcolm Suber formed,for the purpose,an organization calling itself Citizens for Accountability and Transparency in Government (CATG). On 2009 March 9,a week after the petition garnered the support of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference,Suber claimed to have collected over half the requisite signatures,despite protests from African American constituents who defended Head on WDSU-TV New Orleans Channel 6 (NBC).[32]James Gill,Times-Picayune essayist,lampooned the situation with a column titled "Of all the accusations against Stacy Head,only one sticks—she's white"Archived 2011-10-02 at theWayback Machine (Suber is black;Cao is Vietnamese American).[33] Head dismissed the leaders of the petition to recall her as "poverty pimps" pursuing their own agendas. Political scientist Ed Chervenak described the recall effort as the "opening shot in an anybody-but-Head councilmanic campaign" to emerge in Summer 2009. Head at first declined to indicate her reelection plans or lack of them[2] but soon,and generally,indicated to WDSU-TV and WIST-Radio New Orleans AM 690 (Fox News Radio) her intention to be a candidate for 2010 reelection.[34] The recall drive failed to produce the required 18,000 signatures within 180 days. Head had this to say about the leaders of the recall:
Given the momentum that reform and progressive politics has [sic] had recently,they are,I'm sure,having trouble dealing with their obsolescence. . . . This is a last-ditch effort to maintain relevance.[35]
As of 2009 July 23,no challenger had "stepped up" explicitly.[36] Head was reelected on 2010 February 6 with 67 percent (10132 votes) to 33 percent (5021) for Corey Watson,an electrical engineer and minister whose father had founded New Orleans' Watson Memorial United Ministries.[37]
Head subsequently endorsed Cao in his 2010 reelection campaign in which he was challenged by Democrat Cedric Richmond.[38]
Mayor's outlook and Jefferson factor
In a mid-March 2009 interview on WVUE-TV New Orleans Channel 8 (Fox),Nagin said,with regard to the councilmembers' e-mail messages,that White had "followed the policy";Nagin declined,however,to rule out disciplinary action in either White's case or that of the city's Chief Technology Officer,Harrison Boyd,who supplied the e-mail messages to her.[39] But simultaneously,in another proceeding,Nagin had been defending his own e-mails from disclosure,whereupon Times-Picayune columnist Stephanie Grace accused him of "inconsistency" and noted a similar behavior with respect to New Orleans Katrina-recovery czar Ed Blakely;Grace wrote:
The fact that many of the mayor's records had been purged didn't come to light until WWL went to court. In a separate suit . . . outgoing Recovery Director Ed Blakely said in an affidavit that he deleted most of his e-mails after being told that his inbox had exceeded its space limit. The message came two months after the [Times-Picayune] newspaper requested the records.[40]
On 2009 May 22,James Gill posited a network of individuals tied to former congressman Jefferson (whom Mayor Nagin had endorsed for reelection) as out to get Head's head. Gill noted that Gill Pratt had been Jefferson's aide when Jefferson served two terms in the Louisiana Senate a generation earlier,from which position she advanced to the state House of Representatives and then to the New Orleans City Council,all the while,according to Gill,steering "vast sums of money to non-profits established by Jefferson's brother,Mose Jefferson,and his sister,Property TaxAssessor Betty Jefferson";then "the Jeffersons just helped themselves to the money" until Mose was "charged with bribing" the Orleans Parish School Board. Head was a fly in the Jeffersons' ointment as she upended Gill Pratt from reelection to the City Council. Renée Gill Pratt,the columnist said,was at the "Celebration of Service" staged for Jefferson two weeks prior to the start of his 2009 June 2 trial on 16 felony counts.[41] As Gill Pratt—after Head defeated her for reelection—was appointed director of one of the Jeffersons' non-profits,Tracie Washington came on the scene,organizing a "Justice for Jefferson Steering Committee" in which she,as chairwoman,said that the "Machiavellian twisting of Karl Rove and his Brownshirts" had been directed,in league with the press,at Jefferson as victim. Head provided additional effrontery by endorsing Joseph Cao,the Republican who ousted Jefferson from Congress.[42] On 2009 August 5,virtually 7 months after the day when Cao defeated him,William J. Jefferson was convicted on 11 felony counts;[43] two weeks later Mose Jefferson was convicted on four counts involving bribery.[44]
In the meantime Head had continued assaulting the garbage-collection fees,on 2009 July 30 proposing to eliminate general-fund subsidies to the fees so that residents,irrespective of neighborhood,would face the actual costs on their bills. Councilwoman Cynthia Hedge-Morrell countered that "I don't think that will pass" whereupon Head responded:
We always want to get something for nothing in government. . .;our job . . . is to get people to the harsh reality that we have to pay for services.[45]
S&WB controversy
In 2012 Head sought election to an at-large seat on the New Orleans City Council. As a member of the city's Sewerage and Water Board (S&WB),she had information on subsidized rates charged to public entities such as firehouses and asserted that the lower rates cause some of the public entities to waste water at the expense of other subscribers. She alleged situations of water use by public entities which were really required to be free under state law.[46]
Representative at-large
After besting Cynthia Willard-Lewis for the at-large seat,Head soon attracted the ire of council members Jon D. Johnson and Cynthia Hedge-Morrell for announcing plans by Big Lots to open a store in New Orleans East (an earlier Big Lots store there closed after Hurricane Katrina in 2005). Hedge-Morrell asserted that the announcement should have been made by Johnson,in whose district the store was to go,or jointly by Johnson and Head. Johnson said that he had delayed making an announcement because Big Lots' plans were still unconcluded.[47] Another perception of the situation was that Head was merely repaying in kind the votes by Johnson and Willard-Lewis to block Head's nomination of Errol George to replace Head in the District B seat,which instead went to Diana Bajoie.[48]
Personal life
Head is married to accountant Jeremy Thomas Head,[2] and the couple have two children.[49] The family attends Trinity Episcopal Church.[49] As a teenager she was chosen queen of the Oyster Festival in Amite,the parish seat of Tangipahoa Parish.
↑ Laureen Lentz, "Stacy Head, City Council District B: A leader for the heart of the city" on New Orleans Metblogs, 2006 March 31. Cf. the contest between Jay Batt and Shelley Stephenson Midura in District A. In May 2009 Gill Pratt—along with Mose Jefferson, Betty Jefferson, and Angela Jefferson Coleman—was indicted on federal racketeering charges. Within a week after the indictment, John Pope, in the Times-Picayune ("Gill Pratt named to SUNO Cabinet" in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 28, Saint Tammany Edition, pp. A1, A11; web version = Gill Pratt will sit on SUNO Cabinet), described Mose Jefferson as "Gill Pratt's longtime companion"—a situation noted as being "as close as it gets" by columnist Stephanie Grace ("All in the Jefferson family" in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 28, Saint Tammany Edition, p. B7).
↑ Michelle Krupa, "Review of N.O. council's e-mail expected to take a year" in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 27, Saint Tammany Edition, pp. B1, B2 (quotation from Landrieu is on p. B2); web version = Lengthy review of e-mail forecast/.
↑ "A puzzling request" in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 29, Saint Tammany Edition, p. B6 (editorial page).
↑ James Gill, Will semi-literate e-mails spell doom???? in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 17, Metro Edition, p. B5. On 2009 May 21 the Times-Picayune editorial cartoon by Steve Skelley displayed a little girl pointing to her brother and telling her mother: "Billy used Stacy Head language again" (Saint Tammany Edition, p. B6).
↑ Bruce Eggler & Frank Donze, "Head posts first batch of e-mail" in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 19, Saint Tammany Edition, pp. A1, A7 (web version = "Councilwoman Stacy Head begins releasing e-mails"). Fourteen of her e-mails first appeared on Head's web site (accessed 2009 May 18). See also Jarvis DeBerry, in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 19, Saint Tammany Edition, p. B5 (web version = Stacy Head's e-mails unflattering, incomplete"). The attention to Head's e-mails gave society columnist Chris Rose satirical occasion to begin "releasing" his own fictitious e-mail messages to fellow columnist Sheila Stroup about fellow columnist Angus Lind; Rose "made public" the first such message on 2009 May 19 (Chris Rose, "The Chris Rose e-mails" in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 19, Saint Tammany Edition, p. C1; web version = "Chris Rose releases first e-mail: more to come"). The following day, setting the tone for a series, Rose continued to parody Head's e-mail style, but with Stroup as the addressee and Lind as the subject—"Chris Rose releases second e-mail" in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 20.
↑ Head quoted in Jarvis DeBerry, "Expecting apology from Head? Good luck" in Times-Picayune, 2009 July 05, Metro Edition, p. B5. Head further denied that she had even met Washington individually; Washington claimed that they two had met in July 2006 and "that their initial meetings were pleasant" (quoted in Jarvis DeBerry, "At least they're sure they don't agree" in Times-Picayune, 2009 July 07, Saint Tammany Edition, p. B5).
↑ As noted by Michelle Krupa & Frank Donze in their Anh 'Joseph' Cao beats Rep. William Jefferson in 2nd Congressional District (Times-Picayune, 2008 December 7 [accessed 2009 March 18]), both Head and her City Council colleague Jacquelyn Brechtel Clarkson, also a Democrat, attended Cao's victory celebration. Clarkson, a councilwoman-at-large who is more-entrenched than Head in the New Orleans political scene, has faced no recall petition, which would require a more-extensive undertaking because Clarkson's district is coterminous with the city itself.
↑ Gill's column—which appeared in the print edition of the Times-Picayune (New Orleans) on 2009 March 18, Saint Tammany Edition, p. B5—touched off hundreds of rambunctious comments on its blog site before day's end on the column's publication. To read them, click here.Archived 2011-10-02 at the Wayback Machine Cao also faced a recall petition; see attempt to recall Cao. A petition to recall the mayor of suburban Mandeville, Louisiana, amidst controversies unrelated to racial politics in New Orleans per se, failed in February 2009; see the article on Eddie Price Jr.
↑ Three days after Nolan's article, a letter to the editor supported Head and took particular issue with allegations that she had been racist; the letter indicated that Head had actually supplemented the Sanitation Department by personally taking time to collect trash in her district (George Kadair III, Focus on the real issues, Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback MachineTimes-Picayune, 2009 April 12, Saint Tammany Edition, p. B4).
↑ Frank Donze & Michelle Krupa, "Head hunters miss the mark in recall attempt" in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 09, Saint Tammany Edition, p. B3. Donze & Krupa fittingly render the quotation in the context of the recall attempt's failure, but Head had actually made the comment a few days after the recall petition began.
↑ Michelle Krupa & Frank Donze, "Election could shake up dynamics on N.O. council" in Times-Picayune, 2009 July 23, Saint Tammany Edition, pp. B1, B2 (statement about Head's re-election situation is on p. B2).
↑ Michelle Krupa, Nagin says official 'followed policy'Archived 2009-03-22 at the Wayback Machine in Times-Picayune, 2009 March 21, Saint Tammany Edition, pp. A1, A7 (Nagin quoted on p. A7). Krupa, ibid., inserted at the end of her article (p. A7), Nagin's initial response to WDSU-TV's news anchor Norman Robinson on the 4-month suspension of Boyd's predecessor, Anthony Jones, who had filed inflated bills for controversial crime cameras and violated Louisiana ethics laws in accepting paid travel to a Colorado conference "from a contractor that earned millions on the camera project in a no-bid arrangement"; said Nagin:
obviously there's some poor judgment in those actions . . . , most likely possibly an ethics violation. . . . I'm not sure whether there's anything criminal, but I'm sure the feds will look into it.
↑ James Gill, "Is Jefferson a factor in City Hall feud?"Archived 2011-10-04 at the Wayback Machine in Times-Picayune, 2009 May 22, Saint Tammany Edition, p. B7. The online version shows Jefferson embracing Washington at a town hall meeting in 2007 at Trinity Episcopal Church, perhaps ironically Head's congregation.
William Jennings Jefferson is an American former politician from Louisiana whose career ended after his corruption scandal and conviction. He served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for nine terms from 1991 to 2009 as a member of the Democratic Party. He represented Louisiana's 2nd congressional district, which includes much of the greater New Orleans area. He was elected as the state's first black congressman since the end of Reconstruction.
Clarence Raymond Joseph Nagin Jr. is an American former politician who was the 60th Mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana, from 2002 to 2010. A Democrat, Nagin became internationally known in 2005 in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.
The first round of the New Orleans mayoral election of 2006 took place on April 22, 2006; a runoff between incumbent Mayor Ray Nagin and Louisiana Lieutenant Governor Mitch Landrieu took place on May 20, resulting in reelection for Mayor Nagin. The Mayor of New Orleans is the top official in New Orleans' mayor-council system of government.
Jacquelyn Brechtel Clarkson is an American politician who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1994 to 2002, and multiple tenures on the New Orleans City Council. She has been Honorary consul of Lithuania in New Orleans since December 2014. She is the mother of actress Patricia Clarkson.
Renée Gill Pratt is an American politician from New Orleans, Louisiana. She was also Director of the Center for Student Retention and Success in Southern University at New Orleans. On July 25, 2011, she was found guilty of racketeering. For this crime, she served a 4-year sentence.
Chris Rose is a New York Times Best-Selling New Orleans, Louisiana, writer and journalist. For years best known for light-hearted writing in the Times-Picayune, he gained greater attention for his chronicles of the effect of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans since 2005.
The 2008 congressional elections in Louisiana to determine representation for the state of Louisiana in the United States House of Representatives occurred November 4, 2008. Louisiana has seven seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected will serve in the 111th Congress from January 4, 2009 until January 3, 2011. The election coincided with the 2008 U.S. presidential election.
Ánh Quang "Joseph" Cao is a Vietnamese–American politician who was the U.S. representative for Louisiana's 2nd congressional district from 2009 to 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he is the first Vietnamese American and first native of Vietnam to serve in Congress.
James Gill is a writer and a columnist from the United Kingdom.
Norman Hollis Robinson is a former journalist in New Orleans, where he served as reporter for WVUE-TV from 1976 to 1978 and WWL-TV from February 1979 through July 1989, and later news anchor for WDSU-TV Channel 6 (NBC), where he worked in the news department from July 1990 until his retirement in May 2014.
Edward James Blakely, for most his career, was a professor of Urban Planning at the University of California at Berkeley. In 1994, he retired as a leading scholar in the field with award-winning books. He is known primarily for having been executive director of Recovery Management for the City of New Orleans.
Helena Nancy Moreno is a Mexican-American realtor, equestrienne, former journalist, and politician serving as the president of the New Orleans City Council and First Division Councilmember-at-Large.
Rosalind Magee Peychaud is a Democratic former state representative for Louisiana House of Representatives District 91. In 2009 Peychaud became deputy chief of staff for U.S. Representative Joseph Cao, a Republican who represented Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. She served in his New Orleans district office.
Mose Oliver Jefferson was a member of the New Orleans family that includes his younger brother, former U.S. Representative William J. Jefferson. On 21 August 2009, Mose Jefferson was convicted on four felony counts of bribery.
James Milton Singleton, a prime mover in the New Orleans political organization BOLD and previously served on the nine-member Louisiana Gaming Control Board, having been nominated for the position by Xavier University of Louisiana president Norman Francis and appointed by Governor Bobby Jindal.
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Angela Coleman, daughter of New Orleans Fourth Municipal District Assessor Betty Jefferson, was one of four individuals indicted in 2009 by federal grand jury for the U.S. Justice Department's Eastern District of Louisiana. The charges on violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act were also directed against Betty Jefferson, Mose Jefferson, and Mose Jefferson's companion Renée Gill Pratt.
Brenda Jefferson Foster was a witness for the prosecution in the 2008-2009 trials of her older siblings Betty Jefferson and Mose Jefferson, Betty Jefferson's daughter Angela Coleman, and Mose Jefferson's companion former City Councilwoman Renée Gill Pratt.
Edward Joseph Price III, is an American former politician in Louisiana who served as the mayor of Mandeville in St. Tammany Parish. After first being elected in April 1996, he resigned from office in October 2009 while under indictment for perjury. He later served 40 months in prison on charges of income tax evasion and corruption.
The corruption case against then Louisiana Representative William J. Jefferson in the United States started on a suspicion of bribery. The FBI raided his Congressional offices in May 2006. He was re-elected to his seat in the fall. On June 4, 2007, a federal grand jury indicted Jefferson on sixteen charges related to corruption. Jefferson was defeated by Republican Joseph Cao on December 6, 2008, and was the most senior Democratic incumbent to lose re-election that year. In 2009 he was tried in the US District Court in Virginia on corruption charges. On August 5, 2009, he was found guilty of 11 of the 16 corruption counts. Jefferson was sentenced to 13 years on November 13, 2009 - the longest sentence ever given to a representative for bribery or any charge.
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