Steven Salaita

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Steven Salaita
StevenSalaita-2015.png
Salaita in 2015
Born (1975-09-15) September 15, 1975 (age 49)
Bluefield, West Virginia, United States
Alma mater Radford University (BA, MA)
University of Oklahoma (PhD)
Occupation(s)Professor; Former school-bus driver [1]
Known for Steven Salaita hiring controversy

Steven Salaita (born September 15, 1975) is an American scholar, author and public speaker. He became the center of a controversy when the University of Illinois did not hire him as a professor of American Indian Studies [2] [3] [4] following objections to a series of tweets critical of Israel's bombardment of Gaza in 2014. [5] He also experienced similar controversy during the hiring process at the American University of Beirut in 2016.

Contents

Early life and education

Salaita was born in Bluefield, West Virginia, on September 15, 1975, [6] to Arab parents. His mother was born and raised in Nicaragua by Palestinian parents who originated in Beit Jala. [7] Salaita's father was from Madaba, Jordan. He describes his own background as both Jordanian and Palestinian. [8] His maternal grandmother lost her home in Ayn Karim outside of Jerusalem in 1948. [9]

Salaita received his B.A. in political science from Radford University in Virginia in 1997 and a M.A. in English from Radford in 1999. He completed a Ph.D. at the University of Oklahoma in Native American studies in 2003 with a literature emphasis. [10]

Career

University of Wisconsin–Whitewater

Following completion of his Ph.D., Salaita became an assistant professor of English at the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater, where he taught American and ethnic American literature until 2006.

Virginia Tech

Salaita was then hired as associate professor of English at Virginia Tech, and received tenure three years later. In addition to teaching English courses, he wrote about themes of immigration, indigenous peoples, dislocation, race, ethnicity and multi-culturalism. [11] Michael Hiltzik of the Los Angeles Times referred to him in 2014 as a "respected scholar in American Indian studies and Israeli-Arab relations." [12]

Sinan Antoon reviewed Salaita's 2006 book, The Holy Land in Transit: Colonialism and the Quest for Canaan, writing that Salaita's comparative approach to Palestinian and Native American writers and the influence of politics on their production was "refreshing". He found the strongest chapter to be the one devoted to Salaita's personal experience of spending the summer of 2002 in the Shatila refugee camp, where he introduced Native American studies to the residents and developed perspectives on how "alternative narratives can broaden the consciousness of decolonial advocates." [13] Salaita won a 2007 Gustavus Myers Outstanding Book Award for writing the book Anti-Arab Racism in the USA: Where It Comes from and What it Means for Politics Today. The Gustavus Myers Center for the Study of Bigotry and Human Rights recognized Salaita's book as one that extends "our understanding of the root causes of bigotry and the range of options we as humans have in constructing alternative ways to share power." [14]

While teaching at Virginia Tech in 2013, Salaita became the center of controversy after writing an article in which he explained his refusal to endorse the "Support our troops" slogan. [15] [16] Salaita stated that "In recent years I've grown fatigued of appeals on behalf of the troops, which intensify in proportion to the belligerence or potential unpopularity of the imperial adventure du jour". He criticized what he called "unthinking patriotism". [15] Reactions to his article were varied. A university spokesman, Lawrence G. Hincker, said that the university supported Salaita's freedom of speech, but added: "While our assistant professor may have a megaphone on Salon.com, his opinions not only do not reflect institutional position, we are confident they do not remotely reflect the collective opinion of the greater university community". In the student newspaper Collegiate Times , almost 40 Virginia Tech professors signed a letter protesting Hincker's comments. Faculty members criticized the university's statement as "wholly unsatisfactory" and "placing in doubt its commitment to academic freedom." [17] Commenting on Salaita's views and the surrounding controversy, Greg Scholtz of the American Association of University Professors noted that "[u]pholding academic freedom can be a difficult and even embarrassing," but "the most reputable institutions give the most latitude." [16]

University of Illinois hiring controversy

In October 2013, Salaita was offered tenure in the American Indian studies program at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, which he accepted, and he was scheduled to begin in August 2014. In July 2014, the two-month-long Gaza war broke out in which over 2,000 Palestinians were killed in response to 4,591 rockets fired by Hamas into Israeli cities and towns. [18] Salaita posted hundreds of tweets criticizing Israel and its actions in Gaza. Some of the tweets angered pro-Israel students, faculty, and financial donors, who accused Salaita of antisemitism for rhetoric including "Zionists: transforming 'anti-Semitism' from something horrible into something honorable since 1948". [19] [20] [21] [22]

University Chancellor Phyllis Wise told Salaita that he would not get the job, so he sued the university. During the legal proceedings, the university was forced to release hundreds of emails relating to his case which revealed that Wise had come under immense pressure to rescind Salaita's offer from wealthy donors. [23] She resigned from her position as chancellor after it was discovered that she had hidden emails from Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests regarding Salaita's employment denial. [24] [25] The university settled with Salaita for $875,000 in November 2015. [26]

Salaita wrote about his experience in his book Inter/Nationalism: Decolonizing Native America and Palestine, in which he discussed the controversy from the perspective of decolonizing academic scholarship. He has supported an academic boycott of Israel and is a member of the organization US Campaign for the Academic and Cultural Boycott of Israel (USACBI). [27] [28]

American University of Beirut

In July 2015, Salaita announced he had accepted the Edward W. Said Chair of American Studies at the American University of Beirut (AUB), and began his assignment in the fall of 2015. [29] After teaching at AUB under a one-year contract, the university chose not to offer him a permanent appointment due to "significant procedural irregularities" in the selection process. [30] In 2016 at AUB, the hiring process for director of the Center for American Studies and Research (CASAR) was underway. Salaita was unanimously recommended for the position by the hiring committee and chair, Lisa Hajjar. According to Hajjar, university president Fadlo Khuri abruptly canceled the search for director "the day after the recommendation of Salaita for the position was discussed at the Faculty of Arts and Sciences Advisory Committee" for "procedural irregularities" in the search process. [31]

Students and supporters began circulating an anonymous petition following Khuri's decision stating that "given Professor Salaita's recent termination from a tenure-track position at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for his pro-Palestinian political views, we fear that AUB is reproducing the trend of persecuting scholars who condemn the injustices committed in Palestine. This breach of academic freedom cannot be allowed at AUB." [31]

In an email sent to the campus, Khuri stated that AUB leaders had "received several complaints from faculty members alleging conflicts of interest and misconduct". [31] He also said that "There is no truth in the anonymous petition’s suggestion that the search was stopped in order to prevent Dr. Salaita from being selected as CASAR director." [31]

American University in Cairo

In 2017, Salaita announced that he was leaving academia because no institution would hire him for full-time work. [32] [33] Though he appeared in the news in February 2019 working as a school bus driver in suburban Washington, D.C., [34] he has since returned to academia as a Professor in the English and Comparative Literature department at the American University in Cairo. [35]

Salaita's first novel, a political thriller called Daughter, Son, Assassin, was published in 2024 by Common Notions Press. [36] [37]

Books

References

  1. "'Ousted' From Academe, Steven Salaita Says He's Driving a School Bus to Make Ends Meet". The Chronicle of Higher Education . February 19, 2019. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
  2. Cohen, Jodi (September 11, 2014). "U. of I. trustees vote 8–1 to reject Salaita". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved February 4, 2015.
  3. Manchir, Michelle (January 28, 2015). "Steven Salaita sues U. of I. over lost job". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved February 4, 2015.
  4. Alexander, Neta (January 30, 2015). "Anti-Israel professor sues University of Illinois for rescinding job offer". Haaretz. Retrieved February 6, 2015.
  5. Cohen, Jodi S. (November 12, 2015). "University of Illinois OKs $875,000 settlement to end Steven Salaita dispute". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved October 16, 2020. But that summer, after getting feedback from donors, students and parents, then-Chancellor Phyllis Wise started raising concerns about Salaita's anti-Israel Twitter posts. Salaita had been posting prolifically about the Israeli government and its military actions in Gaza. In one tweet he wrote: "Let's cut to the chase: If you're defending #Israel right now you're an awful human being."
  6. "Steven Salaita author profile". Goodreads. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  7. Steven Salaita, Israel's Dead Soul, Temple University Press (2012), p. 111.
  8. Erakat, Noura. "Interview with Steven Salaita on the ASA Academic Boycott". Jadaliyya. Retrieved February 6, 2015.
  9. Salaita, Steven (December 4, 2013). "Academics should boycott Israel". Slate. Retrieved February 6, 2015.
  10. AAUP report: Academic Freedom and Tenure: The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, April 2015, p. 6
  11. Christine Des Garennes; Julie Wurth (September 7, 2014). "Who is Steven Salaita?". The News-Gazette . Champaign-Urbana, Illinois.
  12. Michael Hiltzik (August 11, 2014). "Is US academic freedom a casualty of the Israeli-Palestinian debate?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  13. Antoon, Sinan (Autumn 2010). ""The Holy Land in Transit: Colonialism and the Quest for Canaan," by Steven Salaita". Journal of Palestine Studies. 40 (1): 103–04. doi:10.1525/jps.2010.xl.1.103. JSTOR   10.1525/jps.2010.XL.1.103.
  14. 1 2 "Salaita pens award-winning book on anti-Arab racism". Virginia Tech News. February 15, 2008. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  15. 1 2 Salaita, Steven (August 25, 2013). "No, thanks: Stop saying "support the troops"". Salon . Retrieved August 18, 2015.
  16. 1 2 "Va. Tech Professor's Military Op-Ed Sparks Outcry". CBSlocal.com. August 30, 2013. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  17. Schmidt, Peter (November 20, 2013). "Virginia Tech Professors Fault University Over Tepid Defense of Colleague". The Chronicle of Higher Education .
  18. "Gaza crisis: Toll of operations in Gaza". BBC News. September 1, 2014. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  19. "University of Illinois censured for pulling Steven Salaita job over anti-Israel tweets". The Guardian. Associated Press. June 14, 2015. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  20. Mackey, Robert (September 12, 2014). "Professor's Angry Tweets on Gaza Cost Him a Job (Published 2014)". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  21. Anderson, Nick. "U. of Illinois settles with professor in a free-speech dispute over anti-Israel tweets". Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  22. "U of I facing scrutiny over job-offer decision | State and Regional | pantagraph.com". www.pantagraph.com. August 29, 2014. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  23. "Professor's Angry Tweets on Gaza Cost Him a Job". The New York Times. September 13, 2014. Retrieved October 12, 2020. The trustees of the University of Illinois voted on Thursday to block the appointment of Steven Salaita, a Palestinian-American professor who had been offered a tenured position last year, following a campaign by pro-Israel students, faculty members and donors who contended that his Twitter comments on the bombardment of Gaza this summer were anti-Semitic. ... donors to the university who threatened to stop giving if Mr. Salaita was allowed to teach at the school.
  24. "U of Illinois releases inappropriately withheld emails on controversies over Salaita and Kilgore".
  25. Jaschik, Scott (August 7, 2015). "Chancellor of U of Illinois Urbana-Champaign resigns". Inside Higher Ed . Retrieved September 1, 2020.
  26. Cohen, Jodi S. (November 12, 2015). "University of Illinois OKs $875,000 settlement to end Steven Salaita dispute". Chicago Tribune . Retrieved September 1, 2020. Salaita, who lost a tenured faculty position after posting a string of anti-Israel comments on social media, will get $600,000 in the deal in exchange for dropping two lawsuits against the university and agreeing he will never work at U. of I. Salaita's attorneys will get $275,000.
  27. Salaita, Steven (2016). Inter/Nationalism: Decolonizing Native America and Palestine. University of Minnesota Press.
  28. "Salaita: Falsely accusing Palestinians of anti-Semitism is malicious". US Campaign for the Academic and Cultural Boycott of Israel. May 25, 2018. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  29. "Professor fired for anti-Israel tweets finds work in Beirut's American University". Haaretz. JTA. July 4, 2015. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  30. "Reports circulate that American of Beirut has blocked a permanent appointment". Inside Higher Ed . April 14, 2016. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  31. 1 2 3 4 "Reports circulate that American of Beirut has blocked a permanent appointment". www.insidehighered.com. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  32. Korth, Robby (July 25, 2017). "Embattled Virginia Tech ex-professor Salaita to leave academia". The Roanoke Times .
  33. Flaherty, Colleen (July 25, 2017). "Steven Salaita Says He's Leaving Academe". Inside Higher Ed . Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  34. Pettit, Emma (February 19, 2019). "'Ousted' From Academe, Steven Salaita Says He's Driving a School Bus to Make Ends Meet". The Chronicle of Higher Education. ISSN   0009-5982 . Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  35. "Steven Salaita Biography" . Retrieved November 14, 2023.
  36. "Daughter, Son, Assassin". Common Notions Press. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  37. 1 2 Blend, Benay (May 30, 2024). "Steven Salaita's Daughter, Son, Assassin - A Novel for These Times". Palestine Chronicle. Retrieved January 8, 2025.