Sultan Ahmad Khan

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Sultan Ahmad Khan
Sultan
Sirkar
Emir of Herat
Reign24 May 1857 – 6 March 1863
PredecessorOffice re-established
(Naser al-Din Shah Qajar as the Shah of Iran)
SuccessorShah Nawaz Khan
Died(1863-03-06)6 March 1863
Herat, Emirate of Herat
Father Mohammad Azim Khan

Sultan Ahmad Khan Mohammadzai, [a] [1] also known as Sultan Jan, [2] was the ruler of the Emirate of Herat from 1857 to 1863. In 1855-56, Sultan Ahmad Khan sent a petition to the Shah of Iran, Naser al-Din Shah Qajar. [3] If the Iranians would support Sultan Ahmad Khan with an army, he would overthrow his uncle Dost Mohammad Khan and incorporate Afghanistan into the Guarded Domains of Iran. However, Sultan Ahmad Khan was intercepted by Dost Mohammad Khan, who exiled Sultan Ahmad Khan to Iran. [3]

Contents

After the conclusion of the Anglo-Persian War, he was installed as ruler of Herat by the Iranians. On May 24, 1857, Sultan Ahmad Khan arrived in Herat. [1] The Iranians evacuated Herat in September 1857 [1] in accordance with the Treaty of Paris. [4] During Sultan Ahmad Khan's reign, he was completely dependent on Iran and not only minted coins in the Shah's name, but also given assistance against the Mohammadzais to the east. [1] Naser al-Din bestowed the title of Sirkar on Sultan Ahmad Khan and gave his son, Shah Nawaz Khan, the title of Amīr Panjī. [5]

He captured Farah soon after in March 1862, which had been a Mohammadzai possession since their occupation of the town on October 30, 1856. [6] [1] This became Dost Mohammad Khan's casus belli to launch an attack on Herat. On June 29 [4] or July 8 [7] Farah was captured by the Mohammadzais. On July 22, [7] Sabzawar was captured. By July 28, Herat was besieged. [4] During the 10-month siege, Ahmad died on March 6, 1863, [1] [8] being succeeded by his son Shah Nawaz Khan. Shortly before his death, he had been affected by a disease that causes limb paralysis. [8] On May 27, 1863, Herat would finally fall to Dost Mohammad Khan. [4]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Noelle-Karimi, Christine (2014). The Pearl in Its Midst: Herat and the Mapping of Khurasan (15th-19th Centuries). Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. ISBN   978-3-7001-7202-4.
  2. ↑ Alder, G. J. (1974). "The Key to India? Britain and the Herat Problem, 1830-1863: Part II" . Middle Eastern Studies. 10 (3): 287–311. doi:10.1080/00263207408700277. ISSN   0026-3206. JSTOR   4282538.
  3. 1 2 McChesney, Robert; Khorrami, Mohammad Mehdi (2012-12-19). The History of Afghanistan (6 vol. set): Fayż Muḥammad Kātib Hazārah's Sirāj al-tawārīkh. BRILL. ISBN   978-90-04-23498-7.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Edward Balfour. The cyclopædia of India and of eastern and southern Asia. Bernard Quaritch, 1885
  5. ↑ Kuhzad, Ahmad Ali (1950s). Men and events : through 18th and 19th century : Afghanistan. Robarts - University of Toronto. Kabul : [s.n.]
  6. ↑ Noelle, Christine (1997). State and Tribe in Nineteenth-century Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863). Psychology Press. ISBN   978-0-7007-0629-7.
  7. 1 2 Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirouz (1993). Evolution of Eastern Iranian boundaries: Role of the Khozeimeh Amirdom of Qaenat and Sistan (phd thesis). SOAS University of London.
  8. 1 2 Lee, Jonathan L. (1996-01-01). The "Ancient Supremacy": Bukhara, Afghanistan and the Battle for Balkh, 1731-1901. BRILL. ISBN   978-90-04-10399-3.
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