Indonesia,officially the Republic of Indonesia,is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands,including Sumatra,Java,Sulawesi,and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia is the world's largest island country and the 14th-largest country by area,at 1,904,569 square kilometres. With over 279 million people,Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java,the world's most populous island,is home to more than half of the country's population.
The history of Indonesia has been shaped by its geographic position,natural resources,a series of human migrations and contacts,wars and conquests,as well as by trade,economics and politics. Indonesia is an archipelagic country of 17,000 to 18,000 islands stretching along the equator in Southeast Asia. The country's strategic sea-lane position fostered inter-island and international trade;trade has since fundamentally shaped Indonesian history. The area of Indonesia is populated by peoples of various migrations,creating a diversity of cultures,ethnicities,and languages. The archipelago's landforms and climate significantly influenced agriculture and trade,and the formation of states. The boundaries of the state of Indonesia match the 20th-century borders of the Dutch East Indies.
Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people,Java is the world's most populous island,home to approximately 56% of the Indonesian population. Indonesia's capital city,Jakarta,is on Java's northwestern coast.
Satay,or sate in Malay,is a Southeast Asian form of kebab made from seasoned,skewered and barbecued meat,served with a sauce.
Central Java is a province of Indonesia,located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west,the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in the south,East Java in the east,and the Java Sea in the north. It has a total area of 34,337.48 km2,with a population of 36,516,035 at the 2020 Census making it the third-most populous province in both Java and Indonesia after West Java and East Java. The official population estimate in mid-2022 was 37,032,410. The province also includes a number of offshore islands,including the island of Nusakambangan in the south,and the Karimun Jawa Islands in the Java Sea.
Surakarta,known colloquially as Solo,is a major city in Central Java,Indonesia. The 46.72 km2 city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north,Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and west,and Sukoharjo Regency to the south. On the eastern side of Solo lies Solo River. Its metropolitan area,consisting of Surakarta City and 59 districts spread over seven regencies,was home to 3,649,254 inhabitants as the 2010 census,around half a million of whom reside in the city proper.
Buddhism has a long history in Indonesia,and is one of the six recognized religions in Indonesia,along with Islam,Christianity,Hinduism and Confucianism. According to 2022 estimates roughly 0.7% of the total citizens of Indonesia were Buddhists,and numbered around 2 million. Most Buddhists are concentrated in Jakarta,Riau,Riau Islands,Bangka Belitung,North Sumatra,and West Kalimantan. These totals,however,are probably inflated,as practitioners of Taoism and Chinese folk religion,which are not considered official religions of Indonesia,likely declared themselves as Buddhists on the most recent census. Today,the majority of Buddhists in Indonesia are Chinese,however small communities of native Buddhists also exist.
Herman Johannes was an Indonesian professor,scientist,politician and National Hero. Johannes was the rector of Universitas Gadjah Mada in Yogyakarta (1961–1966),Coordinator for Higher Education from 1966 to 1979,a member of Indonesia's Presidential Supreme Advisory Council from 1968 to 1978,and the Minister for Public Works and Energy (1950–1951). He was also a member of the Executive Board of UNESCO from 1954 to 1957.
Cendol is an iced sweet dessert that contains droplets of pandan-flavoured green rice flour jelly,coconut milk and palm sugar syrup. It is commonly found in Southeast Asia and is popular in Indonesia,Malaysia,Brunei,Cambodia,East Timor,Laos,Vietnam,Thailand,Singapore,and Myanmar. Next to the green jelly,additional toppings might be added,including diced jackfruit,sweetened red azuki beans,or durian.
Pecel is a traditional Javanese salad with peanut sauce,usually eaten with carbs.
The Republic of Indonesia,a country located in Southeast Asia,comprise many islands,prompting the government to recognise three time zones. Western Indonesia Time is seven hours ahead (UTC+07:00) of the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC),used in the islands of Sumatra,Java,and the western half of Kalimantan. Central Indonesia Time is eight hours ahead (UTC+08:00),used in the eastern half of Kalimantan,as well as all of Bali,the Lesser Sunda Islands,and Sulawesi. Eastern Indonesia Time is nine hours ahead (UTC+09:00),used in the Maluku Islands and Western New Guinea.
Husein Sastranegara International Airport is an airport in Bandung,West Java,Indonesia. It is located within the city and 2.4 km from Bandung Central train station. The site occupies an area of 145 hectares and serves the area of civil aviation in the south western region of Java. The airfield is conjoined with the Husein Sastranegara air force base of the Indonesian Air Force.
Ketoprak is an Indonesian vegetarian dish from Jakarta,consisting of tofu,vegetables,rice cake,and rice vermicelli served in peanut sauce.
Rempeyek or peyek is a deep-fried savoury Indonesian-Javanese cracker made from flour with other ingredients,bound or coated by crispy flour batter. The most common type of rempeyek is peyek kacang;However,other ingredients can be used instead,such as teri,rebon,or ebi. Today,rempeyek is commonly found in Indonesia and Malaysia,as well as in countries with considerable Indonesian migrant populations,such as The Netherlands and Suriname.
Kanjeng Raden Mas Tumenggung Wongsonegoro,more commonly known simply as Wongsonegoro,was an Indonesian politician,who served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Indonesia,alongside Zainul Arifin under Prime Minister Ali Sastroamidjojo,and the Governor of Central Java during the Indonesian National Revolution. He also served as minister in the Indonesian government a number of times,including Minister of Home Affairs,Minister of Justice,and Minister of Education.
The Great Mosque of Central Java is a mosque in the city of Semarang,Central Java,Indonesia.
Raden Panji Soeroso was a politician,Sarekat Islam activist,and a National Hero of Indonesia. He served as Governor of Central Java and Minister of Public Works and Manpower under the Great Indonesia Party. He was also a vice chairman of the BPUPK and a member of PPKI. He was the founder of the Civil Servants Cooperative Republic of Indonesia. Soeroso was born in Porong,Sidoarjo,East Java,Dutch East Indies. Soeroso was posthumously honored as an Indonesian National Hero through a Presidential Decree issued on October 23,1986. He died in Indonesia.
Ganjar Pranowo is an Indonesian politician who served as the governor of Central Java between 2013 and 2023. He is a member of the nationalist Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P). He is a candidate for the 2024 Indonesian presidential elections,running alongside former Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia,Mahfud MD. Previously,he represented Central Java as a national legislator in the People's Representative Council (DPR) for two terms –2004–2009 and 2009–2013. He has been described as populist-left.
Megono is a Javanese from the region of Central Java,Indonesia. Megono originally comes from the regency of Pekalongan on the north coast of Java,and consists of rice topped with chopped young jackfruit,mixed with grated coconut,along with other spices. Nasi megono is usually served with mendoan,a thin fried,half-cooked,starchy tempeh.
Soeparto Tjitrodihardjo was an Indonesian politician and bureaucrat. He was the Vice Governor of Central Java for development from 1985 until 1990 and the Speaker of Central Java Regional People's Representative Council from 1992 until 1997. He is commonly known as Pak Parto.
