Transphobia consists of negative attitudes,feelings,or actions towards transgender people or transness in general. Transphobia can include fear,aversion,hatred,violence or anger towards people who do not conform to social gender roles. Transphobia is a type of prejudice and discrimination,similar to racism,sexism,or ableism,and it is closely associated with homophobia. People of color who are transgender experience discrimination above and beyond that which can be explained as a simple combination of transphobia and racism.
Pansexuality is sexual,romantic,or emotional attraction towards people of all genders,or regardless of their sex or gender identity. Pansexual people may refer to themselves as gender-blind,asserting that gender and sex are not determining factors in their romantic or sexual attraction to others.
The field of psychology has extensively studied homosexuality as a human sexual orientation. The American Psychiatric Association listed homosexuality in the DSM-I in 1952 as a "sociopathic personality disturbance," but that classification came under scrutiny in research funded by the National Institute of Mental Health. That research and subsequent studies consistently failed to produce any empirical or scientific basis for regarding homosexuality as anything other than a natural and normal sexual orientation that is a healthy and positive expression of human sexuality. As a result of this scientific research,the American Psychiatric Association removed homosexuality from the DSM-II in 1973. Upon a thorough review of the scientific data,the American Psychological Association followed in 1975 and also called on all mental health professionals to take the lead in "removing the stigma of mental illness that has long been associated" with homosexuality. In 1993,the National Association of Social Workers adopted the same position as the American Psychiatric Association and the American Psychological Association,in recognition of scientific evidence. The World Health Organization,which listed homosexuality in the ICD-9 in 1977,removed homosexuality from the ICD-10 which was endorsed by the 43rd World Health Assembly on 17 May 1990.
Sexual identity refers to one's self-perception in terms of romantic or sexual attraction towards others,though not mutually exclusive,and can be different from romantic identity. Sexual identity may also refer to sexual orientation identity,which is when people identify or dis-identify with a sexual orientation or choose not to identify with a sexual orientation. Sexual identity and sexual behavior are closely related to sexual orientation,but they are distinguished,with identity referring to an individual's conception of themselves,behavior referring to actual sexual acts performed by the individual,and sexual orientation referring to romantic or sexual attractions toward persons of the opposite sex or gender,the same sex or gender,to both sexes or more than one gender,or to no one.
Robyn Ochs is an American bisexual activist,professional speaker,and workshop leader. Her primary fields of interest are gender,sexuality,identity,and coalition building. She is the editor of the Bisexual Resource Guide,Bi Women Quarterly,and the anthology Getting Bi:Voices of Bisexuals Around the World. Ochs,along with Professor Herukhuti,co-edited the anthology Recognize:The Voices of Bisexual Men.
Homosexuality is sexual attraction,romantic attraction,or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender. As a sexual orientation,homosexuality is "an enduring pattern of emotional,romantic,and/or sexual attractions" exclusively to people of the same sex or gender. It "also refers to a person's sense of identity based on those attractions,related behaviors,and membership in a community of others who share those attractions."
The Gevirtz Graduate School of Education is a graduate school at the University of California,Santa Barbara which specializes in the field of education and counseling,clinical and school psychology,founded in 1961. It is located in technology-enabled Education Building which has been built in 2009 on the UCSB campus. In 2013,the Gevirtz School was once again named one of the best graduate schools of education in the United States by U.S. News &World Report. In addition to its graduate programs,it also contains the Koegel Autism Center,Hosford Counseling &Psychological Clinic,the Psychology Assessment Center,and the McEnroe Reading &Language Arts Clinic. The Gevirtz School has a pre-K –6 laboratory school,The Harding University Partnership School,in the Santa Barbara Unified School District.
Minority stress describes high levels of stress faced by members of stigmatized minority groups. It may be caused by a number of factors,including poor social support and low socioeconomic status;well understood causes of minority stress are interpersonal prejudice and discrimination. Indeed,numerous scientific studies have shown that when minority individuals experience a high degree of prejudice,this can cause stress responses that accrue over time,eventually leading to poor mental and physical health. Minority stress theory summarizes these scientific studies to explain how difficult social situations lead to chronic stress and poor health among minority individuals.
Shane R. Jimerson is a professor of Counseling,Clinical,and School Psychology in the Gevirtz Graduate School of Education at the University of California,Santa Barbara.
Ellyn Kaschak,is an American clinical psychologist,Professor of Psychology at San Jose State University. She is one of the founders of the field of feminist psychology,which she has practiced and taught since 1972. Her many publications,including Engendered Lives:A New Psychology of Women's Experience,and Sight Unseen:Gender and Race through Blind Eyes,have helped define the field. She was the editor of the academic journal,Women &Therapy. for twenty years.
Jane Close Conoley is an American academic administrator who serves as the president of California State University,Long Beach.
In the post-Stonewall era,the role of libraries in providing information and services to LGBTQ individuals has been a topic of discussion among library professionals. Libraries can often play an important role for LGBTQ individuals looking to find information about coming out,health,and family topics,as well as leisure reading. In the past 50 years,advocate organizations for LGBTQ content in libraries have emerged,and numerous theorists have discussed various aspects of LGBTQ library service including privacy concerns,programming,collection development considerations and librarian/staff education needs,as well as special services for juvenile and teen patrons.
Brenda Nelle Major is an American social psychologist and distinguished professor in the Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at the University of California,Santa Barbara,where she heads the Self and Social Identity Lab.
Victoria Clarke is a UK-based chartered psychologist and an Associate Professor in Qualitative and Critical Psychology at the University of the West England,Bristol. Her work focuses on qualitative psychology and critical psychology,and her background and training is in the fields of women studies,feminist psychology,LGBTQ psychology,and qualitative methods. She is particularly known for her ongoing collaboration with Professor Virginia Braun around qualitative methods. Braun and Clarke developed a widely cited approach to thematic analysis in 2006 and have published extensively around thematic analysis since then. They have also collaborated on an award-winning qualitative research textbook and more recently have published around the qualitative story completion method with the Story Completion Research Group.
Beverly Greene is a professor in the Department of Psychology at St. John's University. She is a clinical psychologist known for her work on sexism,racism,and analyzing the intersectionality of social identities. As a specialist in the psychology of women and of gender and racial issues in the practice of psychotherapy,Greene has also created many public health frameworks for understanding mental health in marginalized communities. She is the author of close to 100 psychological literature publications. Greene is involved with the Association for Women in Psychology and the Society for the Psychology of Women. She is one of sixteen women to have received the Distinguished Publication Award (DPA) from the Association for Women in Psychology in 2008.
Sharon Horne is a scientist known for conducting research on LGBTQ issues,mental health and college student development,and international psychology concerns. Horne is Professor of Counseling Psychology and the Director of Training for the American Psychological Association Accredited Counseling Psychology Ph.D. Program at the University of Massachusetts Boston. She is a representative to the APA International Psychology Network for Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual,Transgender and Intersex Issues (IPsyNet),and chaired the policy committee that drafted the IpsyNet Statement and Commitment on LGBTI Concerns.
Dawn Marie Szymanski is an American psychologist. She is a Full professor and Editor-In-Chief of the Society for the Psychology of Women's journal,Psychology of Women Quarterly.
John E. Pachankis is an American clinical psychologist. He is the Susan Dwight Bliss Professor at the Yale School of Public Health. His research has examined the nature of stigma and its impact on mental health and social functioning. He specifically studies the psychological experiences of LGBT individuals,including processes of identity formation and identity concealment;the cognitive,emotional,and behavioral consequences of stigma-based rejection and exclusion;and affirmative mental health treatments for LGBT populations.
