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Tanja Nijmeijer | |
---|---|
Born | Denekamp, Netherlands | 13 February 1978
Other names | Eileen Alexandra Nariño |
Occupation(s) | English teacher, FARC member |
Years active | 2002–present |
Tanja Nijmeijer (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɑɲaːˈnɛimɛiər] ; born 13 February 1978), also known as Alexandra Nariño, is a Dutch former guerrilla fighter and English teacher who has been a member of the Colombian guerrilla group Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) since 2002. She has also been one of the group's leading public figures since the discovery of her diary in 2007. [1] She was part of the negotiating team involved in successful peace talks with the Colombian government.
Tanja Nijmeijer was born on 13 February 1978 in Denekamp in the Netherlands.
Nijmeijer studied Romance languages and Romance cultures at the University of Groningen. In 1998 she went to Colombia and became an English teacher. [2] She later returned to the Netherlands and continued her university studies.
In 2002, Nijmeijer returned to Colombia and in November joined the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). She became one of FARC's leading public figures from 2007 onwards, when a private journal she had been keeping was found by the Colombian military and became the focus of international news reports. In her journal Nijmeijer wrote about the hardships of, and her occasional disillusionment with life as a guerrilla. [2] Up until 2010, Nijmeijer was in a romantic relationship with a nephew of FARC leader Víctor Julio Suárez Rojas. [1]
In Autumn 2012, she was named as a member of the FARC delegation in the negotiations with the Colombian government in Oslo. [3]
She is charged with terrorism in the United States for allegedly participating in the kidnapping of three American citizens. [4] The three Americans (Private Military Contractors), Marc Gonsalves, Keith Stansell and Thomas Howes, described their experiences after being freed in their book, Out of Captivity. They were conducting a reconnaissance flight in a single-engine aircraft under orders from the Pentagon. Their reconnaissance plane was equipped with Forward-looking infrared equipment. The goal was to locate FARC camps and cocaine laboratories in the Colombian jungle. The plane made an emergency landing in 2003 due to engine failure in an area where the FARC was stationed. American pilot Tommy Janis was shot dead on the run and a Colombian sergeant was executed on the spot by the FARC. The three American hostages (according to the FARC, prisoners of war to be exchanged for captured FARC fighters) were freed along with Íngrid Betancourt five years later during Operation Jaque. If found guilty she would face up to 60 years in prison. [5] [6]
She has a blog where she talks about her experiences and position about the FARC. [7]
The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People's Army is a Marxist–Leninist guerrilla group involved in the continuing Colombian conflict starting in 1964. The FARC-EP was officially founded in 1966 from peasant self-defense groups formed from 1948 during the "Violencia" as a peasant force promoting a political line of agrarianism and anti-imperialism. They are known to employ a variety of military tactics, in addition to more unconventional methods, including terrorism.
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The Colombian conflict began on May 27, 1964, and is a low-intensity asymmetric war between the government of Colombia, far-right paramilitary groups and crime syndicates, and far-left guerrilla groups, fighting each other to increase their influence in Colombian territory. Some of the most important international contributors to the Colombian conflict include multinational corporations, the United States, Cuba, and the drug trafficking industry.
Guillermo León Sáenz Vargas, more commonly known by his nom de guerre Alfonso Cano, was the commander of the militant group known as Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia. He succeeded founder Manuel Marulanda in March 2008 and commanded the Marxist rebel group until being killed in action by the Colombian Army.
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The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC–EP) is a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary guerrilla organization based in Colombia, which is involved in the ongoing Colombian armed conflict.
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This article covers national and international security issues in Colombia.
Luis Edgar Devia Silva, better known by his nom de guerreRaúl Reyes, was a leader, Secretariat member, spokesperson, and advisor to the Southern Bloc of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia–People's Army (FARC–EP). He died during an attack by the Colombian army 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) within Ecuador, sparking the 2008 Andean diplomatic crisis involving Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela.
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Marc David Gonsalves is an American Northrop Grumman employee who was abducted by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and was held hostage from February 13, 2003, to July 2, 2008. He was rescued in Operation Jaque, along with the two other American contractors, Ingrid Betancourt, and eleven members of the Colombian security forces. On March 12, 2009, Gonsalves, Keith Stansell and Thomas Howes were each awarded the Secretary of Defense Medal for the Defense of Freedom.
Thomas Randolph Howes is an American Northrop Grumman employee who was captured by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and was held hostage from February 13, 2003, to July 2, 2008. He was rescued in Operation Jaque, along with the two other American contractors, Ingrid Betancourt, and eleven Colombian security personnel. On March 12, 2009, Howes, Keith Stansell and Marc Gonsalves were each awarded the Secretary of Defense Medal for the Defense of Freedom.
Keith Donald Stansell is an American Northrop Grumman employee who was captured by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia and was held hostage from February 13, 2003, to July 2, 2008. He was rescued in Operation Jaque, along with the two other American contractors, Ingrid Betancourt, and eleven members of the Colombian security forces. On March 12, 2009, Stansell, Marc Gonsalves and Thomas Howes were each awarded the Secretary of Defense Medal for the Defense of Freedom.
Operation Jaque was a Colombian military operation that resulted in the successful rescue of 15 hostages, including former Colombian presidential candidate Íngrid Betancourt. The hostages had been held by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). The operation took place on 2 July 2008, along the Apaporis River in the department of Guaviare.
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The following lists events that happened during 2008 in Colombia.
Charges:
1) Conspiracy to Commit Hostage Taking - 1 count
2) Hostage Taking - 3 counts
3) Using a Firearm During a Crime of Violence - 1 count
4) Conspiracy to Provide Material Support to Terrorists - 1 count
5) Conspiracy to Provide Material Support or Resources to a Designated Foreign Terrorist Organization - 1 count