History
The group, based in Memphis, Tennessee, was founded as The Gospel Writer Juniors, later changing its name to The Dixie Nightingales. The founding members included Ollie Hoskins (born 1936 in Batesville, Mississippi, United States, died October 26, 1997, Memphis, Tennessee), [1] Willie Neal, Nelson Lesure, Bill Davis, and Rochester Neal. With Hoskins as lead singer, The Dixie Nightingales became one of the most prominent and successful southern gospel groups of the 1950s and 1960s, and made their first records for Pepper Records in 1958. During the late 1950s and early 1960s, one of their members was a teen-aged David Ruffin, who would later go on to find fame as lead singer of The Temptations. [2]
In 1962, The Dixie Nightingales moved to Nashboro Records. Three years later, Randle Catron brought the group to Stax Records, where new executive Al Bell had started a gospel subsidiary, Chalice Records. The Dixie Nightingales recorded three singles for Chalice, including "The Assassination", about the murder of U.S. President John F. Kennedy. [3]
After some convincing from Al Bell, the group decided to turn to secular soul music in 1968. [4] Willie Neal left the act that this time, and was replaced by Quincy Billops Jr., a former member of Stax's The Mad Lads.
Changing their name to Ollie & the Nightingales, the group moved to the main Stax label, where they released a number of singles. Their most successful was 1968's "I Know I've Got a Sure Thing", a William Bell/Booker T. Jones composition which peaked at number 16 on the Billboard Black Singles chart. Follow-ups such as "I've Got a Feeling" and "You're Leaving Me" were not as successful. [5] Ollie & the Nightingales also sung backing vocals for Eddie Floyd on his 1968 hit single "I've Never Met a Girl (To Love Me Like You Do)" [6]
In 1969, the group released a long-playing album, Ollie & the Nightingales; "I Got a Sure Thing" was not included because Atlantic Records retained ownership of that single and all other pre-1968 Stax material after Stax severed its distribution deal with Atlantic. [7]
In 1970, Hoskins left to pursue a solo career as "Ollie Nightingale". [8] He recorded a few R&B charting singles before moving on to perform blues in Memphis. [9] Stax's Sir Mack Rice recruited Tommy Tate [10] to replace Hoskins, and the group recorded three singles for Stax in the early 1970s before disbanding. [2] Bill Davis, Quincy Billops Jr., and Rochester Neal left Stax, and went on to join The Ovations.
Ollie Nightingale appeared in the 1993 film The Firm , starring Tom Cruise, and recorded four albums for Ecko Records afterwards. He died in Memphis on October 26, 1997, of a heart attack. [8]
Sam & Dave were an American soul and R&B duo who performed together from 1961 until 1981. The tenor (higher) voice was Sam Moore and the baritone/tenor (lower) voice was Dave Prater (1937–1988).
Stax Records is an American record company, originally based in Memphis, Tennessee. Founded in 1957 as Satellite Records, the label changed its name to Stax Records in September 1961. It also shared its operations with sister label Volt Records.
Blue-eyed soul is rhythm and blues (R&B) and soul music performed by White artists. The term was coined in the mid-1960s, to describe white artists whose sound was similar to that of the predominantly black Motown and Stax record labels. Though many R&B radio stations in the United States in that period would only play music by Black musicians, some began to play music by white acts considered to have "soul feeling"; their music was then described as "blue-eyed soul".
Carla Venita Thomas is an American singer, who is often referred to as the Queen of Memphis Soul. She is best known for her 1960s recordings for Atlantic and Stax including the hits "Gee Whiz " (1960), "B-A-B-Y" (1966) and "Tramp" (1967), a duet with Otis Redding. She is the daughter of Rufus Thomas.
"In the Midnight Hour" is a song originally performed by Wilson Pickett in 1965 and released on his 1965 album of the same name, also appearing on the 1966 album The Exciting Wilson Pickett. The song was composed by Pickett and Steve Cropper at the historic Lorraine Motel in Memphis, later the site of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Pickett's first hit on Atlantic Records, it reached number one on the R&B charts and peaked at number 21 on the pop charts.
The Emotions are an American soul/R&B vocal group from Chicago. The group started out in gospel music but transitioned into R&B and disco music. The Emotions were named by VH1 as one of the 18 most influential girl groups of all time.
Eddie Lee Floyd is an American R&B and soul singer and songwriter, best known for his work on the Stax record label in the 1960s and 1970s, including the No. 1 R&B hit song "Knock on Wood".
The Sweet Inspirations are an American R&B girl group from Newark, New Jersey, founded by Cissy Houston, mostly known for their work as backup singers on studio recordings for other R&B and rock artists but also a Grammy-nominated recording act in their own right.
David Porter is an American record producer, singer, songwriter, entrepreneur and philanthropist.
The Soul Children was an American vocal group who recorded soul music for Stax Records in the late 1960s and early 1970s. They had three top 10 hits on the U.S. Billboard R&B chart – "The Sweeter He Is" (1969), "Hearsay" (1972), and "I'll Be the Other Woman" (1973) – all of which crossed over to the Billboard Hot 100.
Good Times is the twentieth studio album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released on March 20, 1974. The album was constructed by the first pick of a session held at Stax Studios in Memphis in December 1973 and two songs, "I've Got a Thing About You Baby" and "Take Good Care of Her", which were left over from the session at Stax in July 1973. The album includes a collection of songs that vary in style and genre. Released the same day as the recording of Elvis: Recorded Live on Stage in Memphis was being made, the title was taken from the song "Talk About the Good Times". Many of the songs are covers of hits at the time, like "Spanish Eyes" and "She Wears My Ring". Charting low at the time of its release, it was considered typical 1970s Elvis material and was his first album to hit the "cut-out bins". The album did have some success though upon its original release, becoming a Cashbox Country Albums number 1 hit and charting in the Top 50 in the UK.
Malaco Records is an American independent record label based in Jackson, Mississippi, United States, that has been the home of various major blues and gospel acts, such as Johnnie Taylor, Bobby Bland, Latimore, Z. Z. Hill, Denise LaSalle, Dorothy Moore, Little Milton, Shirley Brown, Tyrone Davis, Marvin Sease, and the Mississippi Mass Choir. It has received an historic marker issued by the Mississippi Blues Commission to commemorate its important place on the Mississippi Blues Trail.
Home is the debut album by husband-and-wife singers Delaney & Bonnie, released on the Stax label. Most of the album was recorded at Stax Studios in Memphis, Tennessee, from February to November 1968, with additional overdubs in July 1969, and features many of Stax's house musicians, including Donald "Duck" Dunn, Steve Cropper, Booker T. Jones, and Isaac Hayes.
David Prater Jr. was an American Southern soul and rhythm & blues singer and musician, who was the deeper baritone/tenor vocalist of the soul vocal duo Sam & Dave from 1961 until his death in 1988. He is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (1992), the Grammy Hall of Fame, the Vocal Group Hall of Fame, and the Georgia Music Hall of Fame (1997), and he was a Grammy Award–winning (1967) and multiple Gold Record award-winning recording artist.
Homer Banks was an American songwriter, singer and record producer. Although best known by many for his songwriting for Stax Records in the 1960s and 1970s, some of his own releases from the 1960s are considered classics on the Northern Soul scene. Many of the songs he wrote have become contemporary classics.
Mildred Pulliam Whitehorn is an American gospel and former R&B singer, who performed and recorded in the 1970s under the stage name Veda Brown. Her most successful record was "Short Stopping" in 1973.
Barbara and the Browns were an American soul and gospel vocal group, fronted by Barbara Brown who also recorded as a solo singer.
Josephine Armstead, also known as "Joshie" Jo Armstead, is an American soul singer and songwriter. Armstead began her career singing backing vocals for blues musician Bobby "Blue" Bland before becoming an Ikette in the Ike & Tina Turner Revue in the early 1960s. She also had some success as a solo singer, her biggest hit being "A Stone Good Lover" in 1968. As a songwriter, Armstead teamed up with Ashford & Simpson. The trio wrote hits for various artists, including Ray Charles, Aretha Franklin, Tina Britt, Ronnie Milsap, and Syl Johnson. In the 1970s, Armstead appeared in the Broadway musicals Don't Play Us Cheap and Seesaw.
The Ovations were an American rhythm and blues vocal group who recorded in the 1960s and 1970s. Their biggest hit, a remake of Sam Cooke's "Having a Party", reached no.7 on the Billboard R&B chart in 1973.
Johnnie Frierson was an American soul and gospel singer and songwriter from Memphis, Tennessee. After a short-lived musical career with Stax Records, he served in the U.S. Army and worked as a mechanic, carpenter, and teacher. In the 1990s, he produced homemade cassette recordings of gospel-inspired songs, which were posthumously reissued as Have You Been Good to Yourself in 2016.
