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The Parthenon is a former temple on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, that was dedicated to the goddess Athena during the fifth century BC. Its decorative sculptures are considered some of the high points of Greek art, an enduring symbol of Ancient Greece, democracy and Western civilization.
The Elgin Marbles are a collection of sculptures and other parts of the Parthenon removed by agents of Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, while Greece was under Ottoman rule, and sent to Britain. The term Parthenon Marbles or Parthenon Sculptures refers specifically to the sculptures from the Parthenon which are now held in various collections around the world, principally in the British Museum and the Acropolis Museum in Athens. The marbles were made under the supervision of the architect and sculptor Phidias and his assistants in the 5th century BCE, with marble from Mount Pentelikon. The collection on display in the British Museum is in the purpose-built Duveen Gallery. The presence of the Elgin Marbles in the British Museum has been the subject of a longstanding international controversy.
Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin and 11th Earl of Kincardine was a British nobleman, soldier, politician and diplomat, known primarily for the controversial procurement of marble sculptures from the Parthenon in Athens.
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The British Committee for the Reunification of the Parthenon Marbles (BCRPM) is a group of British people who support the return of the Parthenon (Elgin) marbles to Athens, Greece.
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Sir David Mackenzie Wilson, FBA is a British archaeologist, art historian, and museum curator, specialising in Anglo-Saxon art and the Viking Age. From 1977 until 1992 he served as the Director of the British Museum, where he had previously worked, from 1955 to 1964, as an assistant keeper. In his role as director of the museum, he became embroiled in the controversy over the ownership of the Elgin Marbles with the Greek government, engaging with a "disastrous" televised debate with Greek Minister of Culture Melina Mercouri.
Events from the year 1802 in the United Kingdom.
Marbles Reunited: Friends of the British Committee for the Reunification of the Parthenon Marbles is a campaign group, governed by charter and funded by donations from members and supporters, which lobbies and raises awareness about the case for the return of the Parthenon (Elgin) marbles to Athens, Greece.
The Acropolis Museum is an archaeological museum focused on the findings of the archaeological site of the Acropolis of Athens. The museum was built to house every artifact found on the rock and on the surrounding slopes, from the Greek Bronze Age to Roman and Byzantine Greece and will in particular also house the sculptures historically known as the "Elgin Marbles" when these are returned to Athens. The Acropolis Museum also lies over the ruins of part of Roman and early Byzantine Athens.
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Hartwig Fischer is a German art historian and museum director. Since April 2016, he has been director of the British Museum, the first non-British head of the museum since 1866. From 2012 to 2016, he was director of the Dresden State Art Collections.
Imperial Spoils: The Curious Case of the Elgin Marbles is a 1987 book by Christopher Hitchens on the controversy surrounding the removal by Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin of the Parthenon's sculptured friezes, and his subsequent sale of the Marbles to the British Museum. Hitchens examines the history of the artefacts and the question of whether they should be returned to Greece.
The Mentor was a brig bought by Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, in order to transport antiquities from Athens. The cargo included a significant number of sculptures from the Parthenon.
References
- ↑ Goodwin, Karin (14 August 2005). "Elgin marbles row reignited by archeologist". The Sunday Times. ProQuest 316752022.
- ↑ Return the Marbles? Forget it BBC News, January 19, 2006
- ↑ The Elgin Marbles, by Dorothy King The Independent , January 16, 2006
- ↑ Keep Elgin Marbles in U.K., expert says, CBC News, January 26, 2006
- ↑ Adams, Zed, and Richard Joyce. “Book Reviews.” Ethics, vol. 117, no. 2, 2007, p. 368. www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/510702.
- ↑ Morris, Jane (3 March 2006). "Acropolis now: The Elgin Marbles: The Story of the Parthenon and Archaeology's Greatest Controversy (book review)". The Guardian . ProQuest 246452548.
- ↑ Guilding, Ruth (18 February 2006). "Stones of Contention (book review)". The Spectator. ProQuest 201349401.
- ↑ "Elgin's removal of the marbles vigorously defended (book review)". The Canberra Times. 4 February 2006. ProQuest 1018797438.
- ↑ Carroll, Steve (31 December 2005). "The Elgin Marbles: The Story of the Parthenon and Archeology's Greatest Controversy (book review)". The Age.
- ↑ George, Rosie (22 January 2006). "The consequences of losing your marbles (book review)". Sunday Herald. ProQuest 331242699.