Togolese Union for Democracy

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The Togolese Union for Democracy (French : Union togolaise pour la démocratie, UTD) was a political party in Togo.

French language Romance language

French is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the spoken Latin in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) has largely supplanted. French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the (Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French.

Togo country in Africa

Togo, officially the Togolese Republic, is a country in West Africa bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. The sovereign state extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, where its capital Lomé is located. Togo covers 57,000 square kilometres, making it one of the smallest countries in Africa, with a population of approximately 7.6 million.

History

The UTD was formed in 1991 by Edem Kodjo as a breakaway from the former sole legal party, the Rally of the Togolese People. [1] The UTD won seven of the 81 seats in the 1994 parliamentary elections, during which it formed an alliance with the Action Committee for Renewal (CAR) for the second round of the elections, and between them the two parties won a majority of seats, defeating the former sole legal party, the Rally of the Togolese People (RPT). Although the results in three seats were annulled, one of which had been won by the UTD, the parties maintained a parliamentary majority.

Edem Kodjo Togolese politician

Édouard Kodjovi Kodjo, better known as Edem Kodjo, is a Togolese politician and diplomat. He was Secretary-General of the Organisation of African Unity from 1978 to 1983; later, in Togo, he was a prominent opposition leader after the introduction of multi-party politics. He served as Prime Minister from 1994 to 1996 and again from 2005 to 2006. Kodjo is currently the President of the Patriotic Pan-African Convergence (CPP).

The Rally of the Togolese People was the ruling political party in Togo from 1969 to 2012. It was founded by President Gnassingbé Eyadéma and headed by his son, President Faure Gnassingbé, after the former's death in 2005. Faure Gnassingbé replaced the RPT with a new ruling party, the Union for the Republic (UNIR), in April 2012, dissolving the RPT.

The parties nominated CAR leader Yawovi Agboyibo as Prime Minister, but the nomination was rejected by President Gnassingbé Eyadéma, who instead appointed Kodjo. This resulted in the CAR pulling out of the alliance, claiming Kodj's acceptance of the post violated the coalition agreement. As a result, Kodjo formed a government with the RPT, with most ministerial posts given to the RPT. [2]

Yawovi Madji Agboyibo is a Togolese politician. He served as Prime Minister of Togo from September 2006 to December 2007 and was National President of the Action Committee for Renewal (CAR), an opposition political party, from 1991 to 2008. He is the Honorary President of the CAR.

Gnassingbé Eyadéma 20th and 21st-century President of Togo

Gnassingbé Eyadéma was the President of Togo from 1967 until his death in 2005. He participated in two successful military coups, in January 1963 and January 1967, and became President on April 14, 1967.

In 1999 the party merged with the Party of Action for Democracy, the Party of Democrats for Unity and the Union for Democracy and Solidarity to form the Pan-African Patriotic Convergence. [3]

The Pan-African Patriotic Convergence is a political party in Togo. Former Prime Minister Edem Kodjo is the President of the CPP as of 2007.

Related Research Articles

The history of Togo can be traced to archaeological finds which indicate that ancient local tribes were able to produce pottery and process iron. During the period from the 11th century to the 16th century, the Ewé, the Mina, the Gun, and various other tribes entered the region. Most of them settled in coastal areas. The Portuguese arrived in the late 15th century, followed by other European powers. Until the 19th century, the coastal region was a major slave trade centre, earning Togo and the surrounding region the name "The Slave Coast".

Koffi Sama was the Prime Minister of Togo from 29 June 2002 to 9 June 2005.

Elections in Togo

Elections in Togo take place within the framework of a presidential system. Both the President and the National Assembly are directly elected by voters. The country is a one party dominant state with the Union for the Republic in power.

Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba is a Togolese politician. He was the President of the National Assembly of Togo from 2000 to 2005. He is a prominent member of the ruling Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) and is a member of the Pan-African Parliament representing Togo.

Kwassi Klutse is a Togolese politician who was the Prime Minister of Togo from August 20, 1996 to May 21, 1999.

Gilchrist Olympio is a Togolese politician who was a long-time opponent of the regime of Gnassingbe Eyadema and was President of the Union of Forces for Change (UFC), Togo's main opposition party from the 1990s til 2013. Olympio is the son of Sylvanus Olympio, Togo's first President, who was assassinated in a 1963 coup. He is now an ally of the current regime of Faure Gnassingbe, the son of the late President.

Action Committee for Renewal political party in Togo

The Action Committee for Renewal is an opposition political party in Togo. Dodji Apévon has led the party since 2008; previously it was led by Yawovi Agboyibo from 1991 to 2008.

Agbéyomé Kodjo Togolese politician

Messan Agbéyomé Gabriel Kodjo is a Togolese politician who served as Prime Minister of Togo from 29 August 2000 to 27 June 2002.

2007 Togolese parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Togo on October 14, 2007 for the 81 seats in the National Assembly. There were over 2,000 candidates, with 32 parties and 41 lists of independent candidates competing. The ruling Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) was victorious, winning a majority of 50 seats. The remaining seats were won by opposition parties; the Union of the Forces of Change (UFC) won 27 seats and the Action Committee for Renewal (CAR) won four seats. They were the first parliamentary elections since the beginning of multiparty politics in the early 1990s in which all major parties participated.

Democratic Alliance for the Fatherland

The Democratic Alliance for the Fatherland, also known as simply L'Alliance, is a political party in Togo.

Maurice Dahuku Péré is a Togolese politician who was President of the National Assembly of Togo from 1994 to 1999. He is the National President of the Democratic Alliance for the Fatherland, an opposition party.

Issifou Okoulou-Kantchati was a Togolese politician, who last served in the government of Togo as Minister of City Planning and Housing.

2010 Togolese presidential election presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Togo on 4 March 2010. Incumbent President Faure Gnassingbé—who won his first term in a presidential election that followed the death of his father, long-time President Gnassingbé Eyadema, in 2005—faced radical opposition candidate Jean-Pierre Fabre, the Secretary-General of the Union of the Forces of Change (UFC), as well as several minor opposition candidates.

1994 Togolese parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Togo on 6 February 1994, with a second round on 18 March in 24 constituencies. The first multi-party elections since the 1960s, they saw the ruling Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) finish second behind the Action Committee for Renewal (CAR), who together with their allies the Togolese Union for Democracy (UTD), gained a majority in the National Assembly.

1999 Togolese parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Togo on 21 March 1999. They were boycotted by the eight opposition parties, who been rebuffed in their insistence that talks following the controversial presidential elections the previous year must be completed prior to the parliamentary elections. As a result only three parties ran in the elections, the ruling Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), together with two small parties allied with it; the Coordination of New Forces and the Pan African Environmentalist Party. In addition, twelve independent candidates also ran.

References

  1. ↑ Adewale Banjo (2008) Constitutional and Succession Crisis in West Africa: The Case of Togo African Journal of Legal Studies
  2. ↑ Elections held in 1994 IPU
  3. ↑ Tom Lansford (2015) Political Handbook of the World 2015, CQ Press
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