 | |
| Location | Toowoomba, Queensland |
|---|---|
| Status | Non-operational |
| Security class | Historic Site |
| Opened | 1864 |
| Closed | 1900 |
| Managed by | Site reused |
Toowoomba Gaol is a historic prison site in Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. [1]
| | |
| Location | Toowoomba, Queensland |
|---|---|
| Status | Non-operational |
| Security class | Historic Site |
| Opened | 1864 |
| Closed | 1900 |
| Managed by | Site reused |
Toowoomba Gaol is a historic prison site in Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. [1]
The original Toowoomba Gaol opened in 1864. [1] William Murphy (who served in the Crimean War) became first Governor of the Toowoomba Gaol. [2]
Female prisoners were transferred from Central Gaol, Brisbane, to Toowoomba Gaol in 1870. [3] A woman's reformatory with a well-patronised laundry was constructed in 1883-84 by Richard Godsall outside the prison walls and opened in 1869. [4] On 14 Sep 1898 the prison was proclaimed a prison for females only. [1]
The gaol was closed in 1903 after the prisoners were transferred to Boggo Road Gaol [5] and demolition commenced. Some of the hand-made bricks (using clay dug from pits in Queens Park [3] ) from the demolished structure were used to build the Boer Wall Memorial Gateway [4] at the Margaret Street end of East Creek Park near the Mother's Memorial, [4] after being held in storage, as the plaque thereon states. [4]
After the prison closure in 1903, it was reused for several purposes before becoming Rutlands Guest House from 1930 to 1959. [3] [4] It was purchased by the DeMolay Order (DeMolay International) for 6000 pounds in 1960 [6] and renamed DeMolay House.
The whole original site and surrounding modern buildings, including the Repertory Theatre, are the source of many ghost sightings/tales. [3] [4] One of the original "dark cells" is still part of the basement. [4] At night the ghost of a reformatory inmate can be seen in the attic on the first floor of the building. One of the girls was so unhappy with her situation that she committed suicide by hanging herself there. [6]
A plaque marking the site of the old Toowoomba Gaol is located at the eastern end of Stirling Street, off Burstow Street, in the Caledonian Estate heritage precinct. The basalt foundations on the site, are all that remain of the Toowoomba Gaol. The foundations supported the red brick wall which confined 52 prisoners in 1869. [7]
The Park Motor Inn at 88 Margaret Street was built on the northeast part of the old gaol grounds.
The original hospital site for the Women's Gaol at 92 Margaret Street is now the site of the Park House Cafe.
The Toowoomba poet George Essex Evans was influential in founding The Austral Society, which bought part of the grounds and let a tender to roof part of the prison yard in September 1904. The Austral Hall was built on this site.
After his death in 1909, the Austral Society ceased in 1911, [8] and the building was later demolished, [4] eventually being replaced in part by a townhouse block.
Hangmen were brought up from Brisbane as needed. [4]
The Old Melbourne Gaol is a former jail and current museum on Russell Street, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It consists of a bluestone building and courtyard, and is located next to the old City Police Watch House and City Courts buildings, and opposite the Russell Street Police Headquarters. It was first constructed starting in 1839, and during its operation as a prison between 1845 and 1924, it held and executed some of Australia's most notorious criminals, including bushranger Ned Kelly and serial killer Frederick Bailey Deeming. In total, 133 people were executed by hanging. Though it was used briefly during World War II, it formally ceased operating as a prison in 1924; with parts of the jail being incorporated into the RMIT University, and the rest becoming a museum.
H.M. Prison Brisbane, commonly known as Boggo Road Gaol, was Queensland's main prison from the 1880s to the 1980s. By the time it closed, it had become notorious for poor conditions and rioting. Located on Annerley Road in Dutton Park, an inner southern suburb of Brisbane, it is the only surviving intact gaol in Queensland that reflects penological principles of the 19th century. After closing in 1992, the larger 1960s section was demolished, leaving the heritage listed section.
Dutton Park is an inner southern suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Dutton Park had a population of 2,134 people.
Townsville Correctional Centre is an Australian prison facility in Stuart, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. The facility has been known in the past as "Her Majesty's Penal Establishment Stewart's Creek", "H.M. Prison Townsville", "Stuart Prison", and now known as "Townsville Correctional Centre".
J Ward originally the Ararat County Gaol, was an Australian prison, of the latter a psychiatric facility to house the criminally insane, located in Ararat, Victoria, Australia.
The modern history of Toowoomba begins in the 19th century. Europeans began exploring and settling in the area from 1816 on-wards. By the end of the 1840s the rich lands around Toowoomba were being used for agriculture. 12 suburban allotments at Drayton were surveyed in 1849. Small commercial settlements were growing with schools and churches also being built. The first council election took place in 1861 and the telegraph connection to Brisbane was established in 1862. Between 1868 and 1886, several new railway lines from Toowoomba were opened. Throughout the 21st century the city prospered with new hospitals, large industrial buildings and education facilities established. Toowoomba Wellcamp Airport was opened in 2014.
Cecil Plains is a rural town and locality in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Cecil Plains had a population of 380 people.
The Austral Society was founded in 1903 due to the influence of The Toowoomba poet George Essex Evans to promote Australian Arts and Culture. The Society ceased in 1911.
The Austral Society was founded in 1903 because of the influence of The Toowoomba poet George Essex Evans to promote Australian Arts and Culture.
Toowoomba City is an urban locality in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. It is the central suburb of Toowoomba, containing its central business district and informally known as the Toowoomba CBD. In the 2021 census, Toowoomba City had a population of 2,321 people.
Cranley is a rural locality in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Cranley had a population of 2,281 people.
East Toowoomba is a residential locality in Toowoomba in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, East Toowoomba had a population of 5,953 people.
South Toowoomba is an suburban locality in Toowoomba in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, South Toowoomba had a population of 5,512 people.
Westbrook is a rural town and locality in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Westbrook had a population of 4,408 people.
Old Toowoomba Court House is a heritage-listed courthouse at 90 Margaret Street, East Toowoomba, Toowoomba, Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1861 to 1864. It is also known as Old Toowoomba Gaol Wall, Austral Museum, and De Molay House. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 30 June 2001.
Annerley Road is an arterial road in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was formerly known as Boggo Road due to the boggy condition of the road.
Stewart's Creek Gaol is a heritage-listed prison at Centenary Drive, off Dwyer Street, Stuart, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by the Office of the Queensland Colonial Architect and built from 1890 to 1893 by Thomas Matthews. It is the predecessor of the modern Townsville Correctional Centre on the same site. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 31 July 2008.
Normanton Gaol is a heritage-listed former prison at 27 Haigh Street, Normanton, Shire of Carpentaria, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by William Taylor Jack and built from 1892 to 1899 by the Department of Public Works. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 23 July 1999.
Douglas is a rural locality in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Douglas had a population of 152 people.
