The Treaty of Vienna was signed on 5 January 1719 during the Great Northern War and War of Quadruple Alliance, between the Holy Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Electorate of Saxony. [1] Its aim was 'to secure the peace and tranquility of the Empire' and act as a defensive alliance. The treaty was intended to check the Tsardom of Russia, prevent it from making a separate peace with Swedish Empire, and compel the evacuation of Russian troops stationed in Poland-Lithuania. The treaty successfully created distrust between Peter I of Russia and Frederick William I of Prussia, leading to the Russians evacuating Poland-Lithuania in July 1719. [2]