 | This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations .(May 2019) |
Kerala state has made many initiatives in the process of decentralization of powers. Creation of a tribunal for adjudication of conflicts between local governments and the citizens is an initiative of that sort.
The Government of Kerala constituted the Tribunal for Local Self Government Institutions to hear appeals and revisions as per the Kerala Panchayat Raj Act 1994 and the Kerala Municipality Act 1994 as per G.O. 52/04/LSGD dt. 5.2.2004,. The headquarters of the Tribunal is at Thiruvananthapuram. It has jurisdiction over the 14 districts. The permanent office of the Tribunal is in the District Court Complex at Vanchiyoor, Thiruvananthapuram. The tribunal sits on working days.
Any person aggrieved can submit an appeal against, or request revision of, a notice order or proceedings of the Village Panchayat or Municipality or its Standing Committee for Finance or the Secretary in respect of any matter specified in the schedule appended to the Tribunal for Kerala Local self Government Institutions rules or added to the said schedule by the Government from time to time by notification. If the concerned Village Panchayat or the Municipality or the Standing Committee for Finance or the Secretary has not taken decision within the prescribed time limit in cases where time limit has been prescribed in the Panchayat act or the Municipality Act or in the Rules, the affected party may in this respect, one can file appeal before the Tribunal.
The Appeal/Revision against the notice/order by the President/chairman or the Secretary of the Grama Panchayat/Municipality/Corporation or against the decision of the Panchayat Committee, Municipal Council or Corporation Council shall be filed in form ‘C’ of the Tribunal Rules. Appeal/Revision against levy of tax Appeal/Revision shall be filed after remitting the tax demanded in the demand notice. Original/certified copy of the impugned order/notice/decision shall be produced along with Appeal. The petitioner shall remit Fifty rupees as fee in the Office of the Tribunal or enclose along with the petition a Demand Draft for the same amount drawn in favour of the Tribunal for Local Self Government Institutions, drawn on any of the Nationalized or Scheduled bank payable at any bank at the Headquarters of the Tribunal Petition. In addition, Rs. 50/- shall be paid towards Legal Benefit Fund, by affixing Legal Benefit Fund Stamps in the Appeal/Revision Petition . The petitioner shall furnish to the Tribunal an attested copy each of the petition and of the annexed documents also, along with every petition submitted before the Tribunal and in addition shall also submit as many attested copies thereof as the number of counter petitioners. The petitioner may submit petition before the Tribunal on any working day before 3 PM directly or send the same by registered post, to the Tribunal for Local Self Government Institutions, District Court Complex, Vanchiyoor P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, PIN; 695035. Sufficient number of certified copies of the Appeal/Revision and the documents produced along with the Appeal shall be produced with envelopes and the requisite postal stamps for issuing registered notice to the Respondents. The Tribunal is also empowered to stay the operation of the order or notice, whichever is being challenged in the Appeal/Revision, either till the disposal of the Appeal/Revision or under further orders. Any petitioner intending to get such a stay has to file a separate interlocutory application for the said purpose supported by an affidavit, along with the Appeal/Revision.
The copies of orders of the Tribunal shall be issued to the parties on application. No Court fee is required for the application. Copies can be collected from the office during office hours either in person or through authorised representative. Orders will be issued strictly on date wise seniority basis. After the disposal of the case, on application, all the documents produced in connection with the Appeal/Revision shall be returned to the concerned parties.
The High Court of Kerala is the highest court in the Indian state of Kerala and in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep. It is located in Kochi. Drawing its powers under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, the High Court has the power to issue directions, orders and writs including the writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari for ensuring the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution to citizens or for other specified purposes. The High Court is empowered with original, appellate and revisional jurisdiction in civil as well as criminal matters, and the power to answer references to it under some statutes. The High Court has the superintendence and visitorial jurisdiction over all courts and tribunals of inferior jurisdiction covered under its territorial jurisdiction.
Yasim Muhammed Basardah is a citizen of Yemen who was detained in the United States's Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number is 252. Basardah was an informant for the interrogators in Guantanamo where he was rewarded with his own cell, McDonald's apple pies, chewing tobacco, a truck magazine and other "comfort items".
Thiruvananthapuram Municipal Corporation is the oldest and the largest city corporation in the Kerala state of India. It is the municipal corporation that administrates the city of Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), the capital of Kerala. The city corporation is spread over 214.86 km2 with 100 wards and a population of 9,57,730 inhabitants. It includes the Legislative Assembly constituencies of Thiruvananthapuram, Vattiyoorkavu, Nemom, Kazhakkoottam and 5 wards of the Kovalam constituency. Mayor Arya Rajendran is presently the youngest mayor in the country.
Al Odah v. United States is a court case filed by the Center for Constitutional Rights and co-counsels challenging the legality of the continued detention as enemy combatants of Guantanamo detainees. It was consolidated with Boumediene v. Bush (2008), which is the lead name of the decision.
Kerala is a state on the southwestern coast of India. Kerala, with appreciative development indicators comparable to developed countries, has been experimenting with decentralization and participatory local democracy, ultimately aimed at realization of the constitutional goal of establishing genuine "institutions of local self government" since the enactment of Kerala Panchayat Raj Act & The Kerala Municipality Act in the year 1994.
Ombudsman for Local Governments in the Indian state of Kerala is an independent quasi judicial authority which investigates the complaints against the local governments of Kerala as well as the functionaries working under them. The Ombudsman functions at the State level with its headquarters in the State's Capital. Kerala is the only State in India that has such an institution to oversee the functioning of Local Self Government Institutions. A former judge of a High Court can be appointed as Ombudsman. Local Government Ombudsman in Kerala has been modelled in the pattern of Local Government Ombudsman, United Kingdom.But it has been endowed with the powers of punishment.
Citizens charter in local governments in the Indian state of Kerala refers to a statement of paid and unpaid services, that a local government renders to a citizen residing in the local government area, for improving their living conditions and it includes the granting of financial assistance and the issue of permit, licence or certificate for any purpose. The charter enlists the name of services, the conditions for obtaining that service and the time limit within which the services are made available to the citizen.
Local governments in Kerala enjoy very stable sources of revenue compared to their counterparts in the country. Even before the 73rd and 74th constitutional amendments in 1994, the situation was true. The sources of income earmarked for local governments, prior to the amendments, were meant for providing civic services and welfare functions, but not for development functions. The scenario had changed after the constitutional amendments and enactment of conformity acts in the State in 1994. Significant portion of development functions of the State were devolved to local governments. In 1996, the State government earmarked one-third of its development plan size as devolved funds for bottom-up planning in development sectors transferred to local governments. This was followed by many measures to support the financial health of local governments in the State. The tiny State of Kerala, lying in the south-west corner of Indian Union, emerges as a classic paradigm in fiscal decentralization to local governments.
Section 5 of the Indian Limitation Act, 1963 is an enabling provision to assist the litigants who failed to do an act within the prescribed time period as originally fixed under various enactments. Whether Section 5 of the Indian Limitation Act, 1963 will be applicable to the Execution Proceedings instituted under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.
The Provisions of the Panchayats Act, 1996 or PESA is a law enacted by the Government of India for ensuring self governance through traditional Gram Sabhas for people living in the Scheduled Areas of India. Scheduled Areas are areas identified by the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution of India. Scheduled Areas are found in ten states of India which have predominant population of tribal communities. The Scheduled Areas, were not covered by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment or Panchayati Raj Act of the Indian Constitution as provided in the Part IX of the Constitution. PESA was enacted on 24 December 1996 to extend the provisions of Part IX of the Constitution to Scheduled Areas, with certain exceptions and modifications. PESA sought to enable the Panchayats at appropriate levels and Gram Sabhas to implement a system of self-governance with respect to a number of issues such as customary resources, minor forest produce, minor minerals, minor water bodies, selection of beneficiaries, sanction of projects, and control over local institutions. PESA is an Act to provide for the extension of the provisions of Part IX of the Constitution relating to the Panchayats and the Scheduled Areas. PESA was viewed as a positive development for tribal communities in Scheduled Areas who had earlier suffered tremendously from engagement with modern development processes and from the operation of both colonial laws and statutes made in independent India. The loss of access to forest, land, and other community resources had increased their vulnerability. Rampant land acquisition and displacement due to development projects had led to large scale distress in tribal communities living in Scheduled Areas. PESA was seen as a panacea for many of these vulnerabilities and sought to introduce a new paradigm of development where the tribal communities in such Scheduled Areas were to decide by themselves the pace and priorities of their development.
Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007 is a legislation, initiated by Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India to provide more effective provision for maintenance and welfare of parents and senior citizens. It makes it a legal obligation for children and heirs to provide maintenance to senior citizens and parents, by monthly allowance. It also provides simple, speedy and inexpensive mechanism for the protection of life and property of the older persons. After being passed by the Parliament of India, it received President's assent on December 29, 2007.
The United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) issues a number of forms for people to submit to them relating to immigrant and non-immigrant visa statuses. These forms begin with the letter "I". None of the forms directly grants a United States visa, but approval of these forms may provide authorization for staying or extending one's stay in the United States as well as authorization for work. Some United States visas require an associated approved USCIS immigration form to be submitted as part of the application.
Form I-140, Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker is a form submitted to the United States Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) by a prospective employer to petition an alien to work in the US on a permanent basis. This is done in the case when the worker is deemed extraordinary in some sense or when qualified workers do not exist in the US. The employer who files is called the petitioner, and the alien employee is called the beneficiary; these two can coincide in the case of a self-petitioner. The form is 6 pages long with a separate 10-page instructions document as of 2016. It is one of the USCIS immigration forms.
In some jurisdictions, a petition for review is a formal request for an appellate tribunal to review and make changes to the judgment of a lower court or administrative body. If a jurisdiction utilizes petitions for review, then parties seeking appellate review of their case may submit a formal petition for review to an appropriate court. In the federal judiciary of the United States, the term "petition for review" is also used to describe petitions that seek review of federal agency orders or actions.
This District has four types of administrative hierarchies:
Garner v. Teamsters Local 776, 346 U.S. 485 (1953), is a US labor law case, concerning the scope of federal preemption against state law for labor rights.
McBurney v. Young, 569 U.S. 221 (2013), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld Virginia and all states' right to restrict Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests to citizens of their respective state.
On 8 May 2019, the Supreme Court of India ordered five apartments in Maradu municipality in Kerala to be demolished within one month, for violation of Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) rules, however, only four of these apartments had been constructed. The four apartments already completed and occupied by the people were Jains Coral Cove(Jain Housing and Construction Ltd), H2O Holy Faith and Alfa Serene and Golden Kayaloram. The fifth builder, Holiday Heritage, had scrapped the project.
Elections to local bodies in Kerala were held in December 2020. The polling was held in three stages; on 8, 10 and 14 December, with the votes counted and results announced on 16 December.
Government of Kerala, 1999: The Tribunal for the Kerala Local Government Institutions Rules 1999