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Ruminants are large hoofed herbivorous grazing or browsing mammals that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions. The process, which takes place in the front part of the digestive system and therefore is called foregut fermentation, typically requires the fermented ingesta to be regurgitated and chewed again. The process of rechewing the cud to further break down plant matter and stimulate digestion is called rumination. The word "ruminant" comes from the Latin ruminare, which means "to chew over again".
Accursius was a Roman jurist. He is notable for his organization of the glosses, the medieval comments on Justinian's codification of Roman law, the Corpus Juris Civilis. He was not proficient in the classics, but he was called "the Idol of the Jurisconsults".
Species Plantarum is a book by Carl Linnaeus, originally published in 1753, which lists every species of plant known at the time, classified into genera. It is the first work to consistently apply binomial names and was the starting point for the naming of plants.
The rumen, also known as a paunch, is the largest stomach compartment in ruminants and the larger part of the reticulorumen, which is the first chamber in the alimentary canal of ruminant animals. The rumen's microbial favoring environment allows it to serve as the primary site for microbial fermentation of ingested feed. The smaller part of the reticulorumen is the reticulum, which is fully continuous with the rumen, but differs from it with regard to the texture of its lining.
Sextus Pedius was a Roman jurist during the late first and early second centuries. He was a contemporary to the Roman Jurists Aulus Ofilius and Massurius Sabinus, and also mentioned in the writings of Pomponius.
Ergovaline is an ergopeptine and one of the ergot alkaloids. It is usually found in endophyte-infected species of grass like Tall fescue or Perennial Ryegrass. It is toxic to cattle feeding on infected grass, probably because it acts as a vasoconstrictor.
Trypeta is a genus of tephritid, or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta aberrans is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta tortile is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta artemisiae is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta beatifica is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta bomiensis is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta buddha is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta choui is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta ferruginea is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta lineata is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta albida is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta diversata is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.
The Disciplinary Company of the Foreign Regiments in the Far East created on June 1 1946, was the disciplinary company for serious offenders from all Foreign Regiments in the Far East. The main Disciplinary Company of the Foreign Legion (CDLE), which received those sent from Legion regiments garrisoned or operating in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, the Levant and Tonkin was dissolved on July 1 1964, the latter was based on rules and regulations set by général Rollet in 1931.
Trypeta fractura is a species of fruit fly in the family Tephritidae.