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Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country comprising the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's fourth largest island, the second-largest island country and the 46th largest country in the world. Its capital and largest city is Antananarivo.
The Mozambique Channel is an arm of the Indian Ocean located between the Southeast African countries of Madagascar and Mozambique. The channel is about 1,700 km long and 419 km across at its narrowest point, and reaches a depth of 3,292 m (10,801 ft) about 230 km off the coast of Mozambique. A warm current, the Mozambique Current, flows in a southward direction in the channel, leading into the Agulhas Current off the east coast of Southern Africa.
Antananarivo, also known by its colonial shorthand form Tana, is the capital and largest city of Madagascar. The administrative area of the city, known as Antananarivo-Renivohitra, is the capital of Analamanga region. The city sits at 1,280 m (4,199 ft) above sea level in the center of the island, the highest national capital by elevation among the island countries. It has been the country's largest population center since at least the 18th century. The presidency, National Assembly, Senate, and Supreme Court are located there, as are 21 diplomatic missions and the headquarters of many national and international businesses and NGOs. It has more universities, nightclubs, art venues, and medical services than any city on the island. Several national and local sports teams, including the championship-winning national rugby team, the Makis, are based here.
Madagascar was once divided into six autonomous provinces :
- Antananarivo Province
- Antsiranana Province
- Fianarantsoa Province
- Mahajanga Province
- Toamasina Province
- Toliara Province
Mahajanga was a former province of Madagascar that had an area of 150,023 km2. It had a population of 1,896,000 (2004). Its capital was Mahajanga, the second largest city in Madagascar.
The Toliara Province is a former province of Madagascar with an area of 161,405 square kilometres (62,319 sq mi). It had a population of 2,229,550. Its capital was Toliara. Near Toliara was the "spiny forest". Toliara Province bordered the following provinces – Mahajanga Province in the north, Antananarivo Province in the northeast and Fianarantsoa Province in the east.
The Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean consist of four small coral islands, an atoll, as well as a reef in the Indian Ocean; they have constituted the fifth district of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, though sovereignty over some or all of the islands is contested by the Comoros, Madagascar, and Mauritius. None of the islands have ever had a permanent population, though the French armed forces maintain small troop contingents on some of the islands.
Nosy Boraha, also known as Sainte-Marie, main town Ambodifotatra, is an island off the east coast of Madagascar. The island forms an administrative district within Analanjirofo Region, and covers an area of 222 km2. It has a population estimated at 30,000.
The Parliament of Madagascar has two chambers:
Vakinankaratra is a region in central Madagascar. The capital of the region is Antsirabe. Vakinankaratra covers an area of 16,599 kilometres, and had a population of 2,074,358 in 2018.
Cape Sainte Marie, formerly known as Cape Romain and Cape St. Mary, is the southernmost point of Madagascar. It is situated in the Androy region 42 kilometres (26 mi) from Tsiombe. It is the location of the Cap Sainte-Marie Special Reserve, a nature reserve which occupies most of the cape and was created in 1962.
Madagascar is divided into 22 regions (faritra). These formerly second-tier administrative divisions became first-level administrative divisions when the former six provinces were dissolved on 4 October 2009.
Androy is the most southerly region of Madagascar. It covers an area of 19,540 km2, and had a population of 903,376 inhabitants in 2018. The administrative capital is Ambovombe-Androy.
Atsimo-Atsinanana is a region in Madagascar. Its capital is Farafangana. The region used to be part of the Fianarantsoa Province.
Fitovinany is a region located in southeast Madagascar. Its capital is Manakara. It is inhabited by the Antemoro people.
Districts are second-level administrative divisions of Madagascar below the regions. There are 114 districts in Madagascar. Districts are themselves divided into communes; while some of the districts in urban areas and offshore islands each consist of only one commune, most of the districts are divided typically into 5–20 communes.
Faux Cap or Betanty is a municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Tsiombe, which is a part of the Androy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 16,000 in the 2001 commune census.
Imongy is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Tsiombe, which is a part of Androy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 8,000 in 2001 commune census.
Antananarivo-Avaradrano is a district of Analamanga in Madagascar.
In early September 2018, cases of measles began to appear in Antananarivo, Madagascar. The capital's health authorities, challenged by the district's poverty and Madagascar's relatively-low vaccination rate, were unable to contain the highly-contagious disease, and what followed became the largest measles outbreak yet in Madagascar's history. With more than 115,000 people infected and more than 1,200 dying, the outbreak has become Madagascar's most serious outbreak of measles in the 21st century.
References
- ↑ "Madagascar" . Retrieved 15 October 2014.
Capital: Ambovombe-Androy | ||
| Ambovombe (21) (604) |  | |
| Bekily (20) (607) | ||
| Beloha (8) (609) | ||
| Tsiombe (7) (621) | ||
| proposed Antanimora Sud (9) (604) | ||
4 districts; 56 communes | ||
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