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Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, and previously known as the Malagasy Republic, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately 400 kilometres off the coast of East Africa across the Mozambique Channel. At 592,800 square kilometres (228,900 sq mi) Madagascar is the world's second-largest island country, after Indonesia. The nation comprises the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Following the prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana, Madagascar split from the Indian subcontinent around 88 million years ago, allowing native plants and animals to evolve in relative isolation. Consequently, Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot; over 90% of its wildlife is found nowhere else on Earth. The island's diverse ecosystems and unique wildlife are threatened by the encroachment of the rapidly growing human population and other environmental threats.
Antananarivo, also known by its colonial shorthand form Tana, is the capital and largest city of Madagascar. The administrative area of the city, known as Antananarivo-Renivohitra, is the capital of Analamanga region. The city sits at 1,280 m (4,199 ft) above sea level in the center of the island, the highest national capital by elevation among the island countries. It has been the country's largest population center since at least the 18th century. The presidency, National Assembly, Senate and Supreme Court are located there, as are 21 diplomatic missions and the headquarters of many national and international businesses and NGOs. It has more universities, nightclubs, art venues, and medical services than any city on the island. Several national and local sports teams, including the championship-winning national rugby team, the Makis are based here.
The Toliara Province is a former province of Madagascar with an area of 161,405 square kilometres (62,319 sq mi). It had a population of 2,229,550. Its capital was Toliara. Near Toliara was the "spiny forest".
The Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean consist of four small coral islands, an atoll, and a reef in the Indian Ocean, and have constituted the 5th district of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands (TAAF), though sovereignty over some or all of the Islands is contested by Madagascar, Mauritius, and the Comoros. None of the islands has ever had a permanent population.
The Parliament of Madagascar has two chambers:
Sava is a region of northern Madagascar. Its capital is Sambava. Until 2009 Sava belonged to Antsiranana Province. The region is situated at the northern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Diana to the north, Sofia to the west, and Analanjirofo to the south. The population was 1,123,013 in 2018 and the total area is 25,518 km2 (9,853 sq mi). The region contains wild areas such as Marojejy National Park.
Vakinankaratra is a region in central Madagascar. The capital of the region is Antsirabe. Vakinankaratra covers an area of 16,599 kilometres, and had a population of 2,074,358 in 2018.
Islam has been well established in what is now known as Madagascar for centuries and today Muslims represent 3 to 7 percent of the population. The vast majority of Muslims in Madagascar practice Sunni Islam of the Shafi school of jurisprudence.
Analamanga is a region in central Madagascar, containing the capital Antananarivo and its surrounding metropolitan area. The region has an area of 16,911 square kilometres, and had a population of 3,618,128 in 2018.
Madagascar is divided into 23 regions (faritra). These formerly second-tier administrative divisions became the first-level administrative divisions when the former six provinces were dissolved on 4 October 2009:
Androy is the most southerly region of Madagascar. It covers an area of 19,540 km2, and had a population of 903,376 inhabitants in 2018. The administrative capital is Ambovombe-Androy, and the chief administrator is Michael Andrianirina.
Atsimo-Atsinanana is a region in Madagascar. Its capital is Farafangana. The region used to be part of the Fianarantsoa Province.
Fitovinany is a region located in southeast Madagascar. Its capital is Manakara. It is inhabited by the Antemoro people.
Marovato may refer to several communes in Madagascar:
Districts are second-level administrative divisions of Madagascar below the regions. There are 114 districts in Madagascar. Districts are in their turn divided into communes; while some of the districts in urban areas and offshore islands each consist of only one commune, most of the districts are divided typically into 5–20 communes.
Antaritarika is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Tsiombe, which is a part of Androy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 12,000 in 2001 commune census.
Faux Cap or Betanty is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Tsiombe, which is a part of Androy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 16,000 in 2001 commune census.
Imongy is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Tsiombe, which is a part of Androy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 8,000 in 2001 commune census.
Marovato is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Tsiombe, which is a part of Androy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 13,000 in 2001 commune census.
In early September 2018, cases of measles began to appear in Antananarivo, Madagascar. Capitol health authorities challenged by the district's poverty and Madagascar's relatively-low vaccination rate were unable to contain the highly-contagious disease, and what followed became the largest measles outbreak yet in Madagascar's history. With more than 115,000 people infected and more than 1,200 dying, the outbreak has become Madagascar's most serious outbreak of measles in the 21st century.
References
- ↑ "Madagascar" . Retrieved 15 October 2014.
Capital: Ambovombe-Androy | ||
| Ambovombe (17) |  | |
| Bekily (18) | ||
| Beloha (5) | ||
| Tsiombe (5) | ||
4 districts; 45 communes | ||
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