 | This article needs more reliable medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources .(February 2022) |  |
| Tympanocentesis | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Otolaryngology |
Tympanocentesis is the drainage of fluid from the middle ear, usually caused by otitis media, by using a small-gauge needle to puncture the tympanic membrane (eardrum).
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It is indicated in children with acute otitis media who are susceptible to complications like facial paresis and systemic toxicity, or failed treatment with antibiotics. [1] It may relieve pain, but symptoms may recur if there is ongoing inflammation from the infection. [2]
It is sometimes referred to as a "tap" and, when conducted twice as part of a clinical trial of medication, a "double tap."[ citation needed ]
Tympanocentesis was first documented in 1768, but has undergone significant advancements. [3]
The treatment should not be used in the following situations [3] :
- Uncooperative patient
- Intact tympanostomy tubes
- Intratympanic tumour
- Acute otitis externa (due to potential to introduce bacteria or fungi from the external to the middle ear)
- Vascular abnormalities (due to high risk of bleeding)
- Suboptimal visibility of ear landmarks
