Uncial 056

Uncial **056**
	New Testament manuscript ; papyri ; uncials ; minuscules ; lectionaries ;
Text	Acts, Paul, GE
Date	10th century
Script	Greek
Now at	National Library of France
Size	29.8 cm x 23.3 cm
Type	Byzantine
Category	V

Last updated April 01, 2019

Uncial 056 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), O⁷ (von Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 10th century.^[1]

A manuscript was, traditionally, any document that is written by hand -- or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten -- as opposed to being mechanically printed or reproduced in some indirect or automated way. More recently, the term has come to be understood to further include any written, typed, or word-processed copy of an author's work, as distinguished from its rendition as a printed version of the same. Before the arrival of printing, all documents and books were manuscripts. Manuscripts are not defined by their contents, which may combine writing with mathematical calculations, maps, explanatory figures or illustrations. Manuscripts may be in book form, scrolls or in codex format. Illuminated manuscripts are enriched with pictures, border decorations, elaborately embossed initial letters or full-page illustrations. A document should be at least 75 years old to be considered a manuscript.

New Testament Second division of the Christian biblical canon

The New Testament is the second part of the Christian biblical canon, the first part being the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible. The New Testament discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity. Christians regard both the Old and New Testaments together as sacred scripture. The New Testament has frequently accompanied the spread of Christianity around the world. It reflects and serves as a source for Christian theology and morality. Extended readings and phrases directly from the New Testament are incorporated into the various Christian liturgies. The New Testament has influenced religious, philosophical, and political movements in Christendom and left an indelible mark on literature, art, and music.

Description

The codex contains a complete text of the Acts of Apostles, General epistles, and Pauline epistles with a commentary much like Oecumenius, and a catena of various Fathers, on 381 parchment leaves (29.8 cm by 23.3 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 40 lines per page in uncial letters.^[1] It contains Prolegomena.^[2]

The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen books of the New Testament, composed of letters which are largely attributed to Paul the Apostle, although authorship of some is in dispute. Among these letters are some of the earliest extant Christian documents. They provide an insight into the beliefs and controversies of early Christianity. As part of the canon of the New Testament, they are foundational texts for both Christian theology and ethics. The Epistle to the Hebrews, although it does not bear his name, was traditionally considered Pauline for a thousand years, but from the 16th century onwards opinion steadily moved against Pauline authorship and few scholars now ascribe it to Paul, mostly because it does not read like any of his other epistles in style and content. Most scholars agree that Paul really wrote seven of the Pauline epistles, but that four of the epistles in Paul's name are pseudepigraphic ; scholars are divided on the authenticity of two of the epistles.

A catena is a form of biblical commentary, verse by verse, made up entirely of excerpts from earlier Biblical commentators, each introduced with the name of the author, and with such minor adjustments of words to allow the whole to form a continuous commentary.

It contains also a Life of St. Longinus on two leaves. F. H. A. Scrivener classified it as a minuscule (16^a and 19^p).^[3]

Text

The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type, with the strong the Alexandrian element in General epistles (about 20%). Aland placed it in Category V.^[1] Uncial 0142 was probably the ancestor of the codex 056.

A codex, plural codices, is a book constructed of a number of sheets of paper, vellum, papyrus, or similar materials. The term is now usually only used of manuscript books, with hand-written contents, but describes the format that is now near-universal for printed books in the Western world. The book is usually bound by stacking the pages and fixing one edge to a bookbinding, which may just be thicker paper, or with stiff boards, called a hardback, or in elaborate historical examples a treasure binding.

The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest. The New Testament text of the Orthodox Church, the Patriarchal Text, as well as those utilized in the lectionaries, is based on this text-type. While considerably varying, it also underlies the Textus Receptus Greek text used for most Reformation-era translations of the New Testament into vernacular languages. Modern translations mainly use Eclectic editions that conform more often to the Alexandrian text-type.

The Alexandrian text-type, associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual characters of biblical manuscripts.

It lacks verse Acts 8:37.^[4]

In Acts 20:15 it reads και μειναντες εν Στρογγυλιω along with 0142.^[5]

History

Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 10th century.^[6]

The manuscript formerly belonged to the monastery of St. Athanasius on Athos.^[3] It was examined by Montfaucon, Wettstein, Tischendorf, and C. R. Gregory (1885).^[2]

The codex is located in Bibliothèque nationale de France, in Paris, as a part of Fonds Coislin (Coislin Gr. 26).^[1]^[6]

Related Research Articles

Codex Mutinensis designated by H^a or 014, α 6, is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Acts of Apostles, dated paleographically to the 9th century. The codex contains 43 parchment leaves.

Codex Coislinianus designated by H^p or 015, α 1022 (Soden), was named also as Codex Euthalianus. It is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Pauline epistles, dated palaeographically to the 6th century. The text is written stichometrically. It has marginalia. The codex is known for its subscription at the end of the Epistle to Titus.

Codex Angelicus designated by L^ap or 020, α 5, is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 9th century. Formerly it was known as Codex Passionei.

Codex Campianus is designated as "M" or "021" in the Gregory-Aland cataloging system and as "ε 72" in the Von Soden system. It is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript has complex contents. It has marginalia and was prepared for liturgical (religious) use.

Codex Porphyrianus designated by P^apr or 025, α 3, is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Acts of Apostles, Pauline epistles, and General epistles, with some lacunae, dated paleographically to the 9th century. It is one of a few uncial manuscripts that include the Book of Revelation.

Uncial 049, α 2. It is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 9th century.

Codex Tischendorfianus II – designated by Uncial 081 α 1023 (Soden), – is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 6th century.

Uncial 0121b, it was named as Fragmentum Uffenbachianum, or Codex Ruber. It is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 10th-century. The manuscript is very lacunose.

Minuscule 81, or α162 is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1044. Formerly it was labelled by 61^a and 61^p (Gregory). The manuscript is lacunose. It was adapted for liturgical use.

Uncial 0142 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), O⁶ (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 10th century. Formerly it was classified as a minuscule manuscript of New Testament under numbers 46^a 55^p (Scrivener).

Minuscule 94 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), O³¹ (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment and paper, dated to the 12th or 13th century. Formerly it was labelled by 18^a, 21^p, and 19^r.

Minuscule 104, α 103 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.

Lectionary 13, designated by siglum ℓ13. It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th-century. Formerly it was known as Colbertinus 1241 or Regius 1982.

Minuscule 250, O ¹⁰ (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.

Minuscule 451, α 178, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Formerly it was labelled by 79^a and 90^p. The manuscript has not survived in complete condition.

Lectionary 171, designated by siglum ℓ171 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 9th century. Formerly it was labelled as Lectionary 70^a. Scrivener by 72^a.

Lectionary 178, designated by siglum ℓ178 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Paleographically it had been assigned to the 9th century. Formerly it was labelled as Lectionary 71^a (Scrivener), 80^a (Gregory).

Minuscule 619, α 57, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the 984. The manuscript has complex contents. Tischendorf labelled it by 148^a and 184^p.

Minuscule 623, α 173, is a Greek diglot minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1037. The manuscript is lacunose. Tischendorf labeled it by 156^a and 190^p.

Codex Tischendorfianus V or Lectionary 293 (Gregory-Aland), designated by siglum ℓ293 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 8th century. Scrivener labelled it as 190^e.

References

1 2 3 4 Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1.
1 2 Gregory, Caspar René (1900). Textkritik des Neuen Testaments. 1. Leipzig: Hinrichs. p. 264.
1 2 Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose; Edward Miller (1894). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament . 1 (4 ed.). London: George Bell & Sons. p. 285.
↑ UBS3, p. 448.
↑ UBS3, p. 498.
1 2 "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 21 April 2011.

External links

Codex 056 at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism

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[Aland-1] 1 2 3 4 Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1.

[Gregory-2] 1 2 Gregory, Caspar René (1900). Textkritik des Neuen Testaments. 1. Leipzig: Hinrichs. p. 264.

[Scrivener-3] 1 2 Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose; Edward Miller (1894). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament . 1 (4 ed.). London: George Bell & Sons. p. 285.

[4] UBS3, p. 448.

[5] UBS3, p. 498.

[INTF-6] 1 2 "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 21 April 2011.