Uncial 079

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Uncial 079

New Testament manuscript

Text Luke 7; 24
Date 6th century
Script Greek
Now at Russian National Library
Size 31 x 25 cm
Type mixed / Byzantine
Category III

Uncial 079 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 16 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 6th century.

Manuscript document written by hand

A manuscript was, traditionally, any document that is written by hand -- or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten -- as opposed to being mechanically printed or reproduced in some indirect or automated way. More recently, the term has come to be understood to further include any written, typed, or word-processed copy of an author's work, as distinguished from its rendition as a printed version of the same. Before the arrival of printing, all documents and books were manuscripts. Manuscripts are not defined by their contents, which may combine writing with mathematical calculations, maps, explanatory figures or illustrations. Manuscripts may be in book form, scrolls or in codex format. Illuminated manuscripts are enriched with pictures, border decorations, elaborately embossed initial letters or full-page illustrations. A document should be at least 75 years old to be considered a manuscript.

New Testament Second division of the Christian biblical canon

The New Testament is the second part of the Christian biblical canon, the first part being the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible. The New Testament discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity. Christians regard both the Old and New Testaments together as sacred scripture. The New Testament has frequently accompanied the spread of Christianity around the world. It reflects and serves as a source for Christian theology and morality. Extended readings and phrases directly from the New Testament are incorporated into the various Christian liturgies. The New Testament has influenced religious, philosophical, and political movements in Christendom and left an indelible mark on literature, art, and music.

Palaeography study of ancient writing

Palaeography (UK) or paleography is the study of ancient and historical handwriting. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of scriptoria.

Contents

Description

The codex contains a small part of the Gospel of Luke 7:39-49; 24:10-19 on 2 parchment leaves (31 cm by 25 cm). It is written in two columns per page, 23 lines per page.

Gospel of Luke Books of the New Testament

The Gospel According to Luke, also called the Gospel of Luke, or simply Luke, is the third of the four canonical Gospels. It tells of the origins, birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ.

It is a palimpsest, the upper later text was written in Georgian language. [1]

Palimpsest manuscript page thats been used multiple times

In textual studies, a palimpsest is a manuscript page, either from a scroll or a book, from which the text has been scraped or washed off so that the page can be reused for another document. Pergamene was made of lamb, calf, or goat kid skin and was expensive and not readily available, so in the interest of economy a pergamene often was re-used by scraping the previous writing. In colloquial usage, the term palimpsest is also used in architecture, archaeology, and geomorphology to denote an object made or worked upon for one purpose and later reused for another, for example a monumental brass the reverse blank side of which has been re-engraved.

Georgian language Official language of Georgia

Georgian is a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians. It is the official language of Georgia. Georgian is written in its own writing system, the Georgian script. Georgian is the literary language for all regional subgroups of Georgians, including those who speak other Kartvelian languages: Svans, Mingrelians and the Laz.

The Greek text of this codex is mixed with predominate element the Byzantine text-type. Aland placed it in Category III. [1]

Codex book with handwritten content

A codex, plural codices, is a book constructed of a number of sheets of paper, vellum, papyrus, or similar materials. The term is now usually only used of manuscript books, with hand-written contents, but describes the format that is now near-universal for printed books in the Western world. The book is usually bound by stacking the pages and fixing one edge to a bookbinding, which may just be thicker paper, or with stiff boards, called a hardback, or in elaborate historical examples a treasure binding.

Byzantine text-type

The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest. The New Testament text of the Orthodox Church, the Patriarchal Text, as well as those utilized in the lectionaries, is based on this text-type. While considerably varying, it also underlies the Textus Receptus Greek text used for most Reformation-era translations of the New Testament into vernacular languages. Modern translations mainly use Eclectic editions that conform more often to the Alexandrian text-type.

Kurt Aland German Theologian

Kurt Aland, was a German theologian and biblical scholar who specialized in New Testament textual criticism. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director from 1959–83. He was one of the principal editors of Nestle-Aland – Novum Testamentum Graece for the Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft and The Greek New Testament for the United Bible Societies.

Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 6th century. [2]

The text of the palimpsest was deciphered and edited by Constantin von Tischendorf in 1846. It was also examined by Kurt Treu.

Constantin von Tischendorf 19th-century German theologian

Lobegott Friedrich Constantin (von) Tischendorf was a world-leading biblical scholar in his time. In 1844 he discovered the world's oldest and most complete Bible dating from 325, with the complete New Testament not discovered before. This Bible is called Codex Sinaiticus, after the St. Catherine's Monastery at Mt. Sinai, where Tischendorf discovered it. The codex can be seen either in the British Library in London, or as a digitalised version on the Internet. Textual disputes are resolved when the two oldest books, Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus, agree with each other. Tischendorf was made an Honorary Doctor by Oxford University on 16 March 1865, and an Honorary Doctor by Cambridge University on 9 March 1865 following this find of the century. While a student gaining his academic degree in the 1840s, he earned international recognition when he deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th-century Greek manuscript of the New Testament.

Kurt Treu, was a German classical philologist. He was born the son of a German parson on the island Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia. In 1940, because of World War II, the Treu family was forced to leave their homeland. Kurt Treu studied in a Gymnasium in Hohensalza. AS levels were studied by him after the war. He studied Classical philology at the University of Jena. In 1963 he graduated from the Humboldt University of Berlin.

The codex now is located at the Russian National Library (Suppl. Gr. 13, fol. 8-10) in Saint Petersburg. [1]

See also

Related Research Articles

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Codex Tischendorfianus IV – designated by Γ or 036, ε 70 – is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 10th century. The manuscript is lacunose.

Uncial 054, ε 59 (Soden), also known as Codex Barberini, is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th century.

Uncial 065, ε 1 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 6th century.

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Uncial 082 α 1024 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, assigned palaeographically to the 6th century.

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Uncial 095, α 1002 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th-century.

Uncial 097 manuscript

Uncial 097, α 1003 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 7th-century.

Uncial 0107, ε 41 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 7th-century. Formerly it was labelled by Θb.

Uncial 0108, ε 60 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 7th-century. Formerly it was labelled by Θd.

Uncial 0115, ε 57 (Soden); is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 9th or 10th-century. Formerly it was labelled by Wa.

Uncial 0116, ε 58 (Soden); is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th-century. Formerly it was labelled at first by R, then by Wb (Tischendorf), because letter R was reserved for Codex Nitriensis.

Uncial 0122, α 1030 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 9th-century. Hort designated it by Od.

Codex Sangallensis 18

Uncial 0130, ε 80 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 9th-century. Formerly it was labelled by Wc.

Uncial 0240, is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 5th century.

Minuscule 566, ε 93 (Soden), also known as the Empress Theodora's Codex. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century.

Codex Tischendorfianus V or Lectionary 293 (Gregory-Aland), designated by siglum ℓ293 is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 8th century. Scrivener labelled it as 190e.

Uncial 0321, ε 2 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 5th-century. The manuscript has survived in very fragmentary condition.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 120. ISBN   978-0-8028-4098-1.
  2. ↑ "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 21 April 2011.

Further reading

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