United Kingdom Census 1911

Last updated April 01, 2019

The United Kingdom Census 1911 of 2 April 1911 was the 12th nationwide census conducted in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The total population of the United Kingdom was approximately 45,221,000, with 36,070,000 recorded in England and Wales,^[1] 4,761,000 in Scotland,^[1] and 4,390,000 in Ireland.^[2]

A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses include agriculture, business, and traffic censuses. The United Nations defines the essential features of population and housing censuses as "individual enumeration, universality within a defined territory, simultaneity and defined periodicity", and recommends that population censuses be taken at least every 10 years. United Nations recommendations also cover census topics to be collected, official definitions, classifications and other useful information to co-ordinate international practice.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was established by the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland.

Geographical scope

The census covered England, Wales, Scotland, the Channel Islands, and ships of the Royal Navy at sea and in ports abroad.^[3]

Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Sharing a border with England to the southeast, Scotland is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, by the North Sea to the northeast and by the Irish Sea to the south. In addition to the mainland, situated on the northern third of the island of Great Britain, Scotland has over 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.

The Channel Islands are an archipelago in the English Channel, off the French coast of Normandy. They include two Crown dependencies: the Bailiwick of Jersey, which is the largest of the islands; and the Bailiwick of Guernsey, consisting of Guernsey, Alderney, Sark and some smaller islands. They are considered the remnants of the Duchy of Normandy and, although they are not part of the United Kingdom, the UK is responsible for the defence and international relations of the islands. The Crown dependencies are not members of the Commonwealth of Nations or of the European Union. They have a total population of about 164,541, and the bailiwicks' capitals, Saint Helier and Saint Peter Port, have populations of 33,500 and 18,207, respectively. The total area of the islands is 198 km².

The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by the English kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years War against the Kingdom of France. The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the early 16th century; the oldest of the UK's armed services, it is known as the Senior Service.

The Census of Ireland, 1911 was carried out on the same day but the records are held separately by the National Archives of Ireland.^[2]

The Census of Ireland, 1911, was a census that covered Ireland, and was conducted on Sunday 2 April 1911 as part of a broader Census of the United Kingdom. A census of Ireland had taken place every ten years beginning in 1821 until 1911. The next census did not take place until 1926 due to the Irish War of Independence and subsequent Irish Civil War. The entire returns for all 32 counties are available online on the website of the National Archives of Ireland.

The National Archives of Ireland is the official repository for the state records of Ireland. Established by the National Archives Act 1986, taking over the functions of the State Paper Office and the Public Record Office of Ireland. In 1991, the National Archives moved to its current premises in Bishop Street, Dublin. The Archives stand on the site of the Jacob's Factory, one of the garrisons held by rebels during the 1916 Easter Rising.

Questions

The 1911 census was the first to ask about nationality, the duration of current marriage, number of children born within that marriage, number of living children and the number of any children who had died. It was the first to record full details of British Army personnel stationed overseas instead of requiring just a simple headcount.^[3]

It was also the first census where the forms were completed by the respondents and retained rather than being copied into the enumeration books.^[3]

During the decennial England and Wales Censuses of 1841 to 1901, the individual schedules returned from each household were transcribed and collated by the census enumerators into Census Enumerators’ Books (CEBs).

The census forms (schedules) contain an address and schedule number and are divided into sixteen columns:^[3]

Name and Surname.
Relationship to Head of Family.
Age (Males).
Age (Females).
Marital condition.
Number of years married (present marriage) - Married women only.
Children born to present marriage.
Children still living.
Children who have died.
Occupation.
Industry or service with which worker is connected.
Employment status.
Whether working at home.
Birthplace.
Nationality - if born in a Foreign Country.
Infirmity.

Schedules were also prepared for:

Institutions (workhouses, hospitals, hotels, schools, etc).
Shipping (merchant vessels).
Military establishments (barracks, training schools, British Army overseas, etc).
Royal Naval vessels (in home ports).

Online access

The census data was published online on a subscription basis in 2009.^[3]

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References

1 2 National Statistics Online Archived 29 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved 9 November 2017.
1 2 Census of Ireland 1901/1911 and Census fragments and substitutes, 1821-51. The National Archives of Ireland. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
1 2 3 4 5 General Register Office: 1911 Census Schedules. The National Archives. Retrieved 6 July 2017.

Preceded by 1901	UK Census 1911	Succeeded by 1921

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[population-1] 1 2 National Statistics Online Archived 29 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved 9 November 2017.

[IrishCensus-2] 1 2 Census of Ireland 1901/1911 and Census fragments and substitutes, 1821-51. The National Archives of Ireland. Retrieved 6 July 2017.

[natl-3] 1 2 3 4 5 General Register Office: 1911 Census Schedules. The National Archives. Retrieved 6 July 2017.