UN Security Council Resolution 2 | ||
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![]() Approximate extent of the Republic of Mahabad | ||
Date | 30 January 1946 | |
Meeting no. | 5 | |
Code | S/RES/2 (Document) | |
Subject | Iran crisis of 1946 | |
Voting summary |
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Result | Adopted | |
Security Council composition | ||
Permanent members | ||
Non-permanent members | ||
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 2 was adopted unanimously by the United Nations Security Council on January 30, 1946. The Council urged Iran and the Soviet Union to resolve the crisis caused by the Soviet occupation of Iranian territory. [1]
Soviet presence in Iran began in 1942 when Iran signed an agreement allowing British and Soviet troops to enter the country to defend its oil fields against a possible German attack. [2] The treaty contained a specific provision that required all foreign troops to exit Iran within six months from the end of the war, but the Soviets remained past the withdrawal deadline. [3]
Harry S. Truman's election signaled the beginning of a more hostile American foreign policy towards the Soviet Union. In an attempt to contain the spread of Soviet influence, the United States brought the matter to the United Nations in the form of a formal complaint.[ citation needed ]
The immediate withdrawal of troops was pledged by the Soviet Union on March 25, 1946. In exchange for the withdrawal, Iran offered oil concessions to the Soviet government.[ citation needed ]
United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 (S/RES/242) was adopted unanimously by the UN Security Council on November 22, 1967, in the aftermath of the Six-Day War. It was adopted under Chapter VI of the UN Charter. The resolution was sponsored by British ambassador Lord Caradon and was one of five drafts under consideration.
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The Iran crisis of 1946, also known as the Azerbaijan Crisis in the Iranian sources, was one of the first crises of the Cold War, sparked by the refusal of Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union to relinquish occupied Iranian territory despite repeated assurances. The end of World War II should have resulted in the end of the Allied joint occupation of Iran. Instead, pro-Soviet Iranians proclaimed the separatist Azerbaijan People's Government and the Kurdish separatist Republic of Mahabad. The United States pressure on the Soviet Union to withdraw is the earliest evidence of success with the new strategy of Truman Doctrine and containment.
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 3 was adopted by the United Nations Security Council on April 4, 1946. The Council acknowledged that Soviet troops occupying Iran were not removed in accordance with the Tri-partite Treaty of January 29, 1942. Further proceedings surrounding the Iranian crisis were deferred until May 6, 1946, when Soviet withdrawal was to be complete.
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