The United Service for New Americans (USNA) was an aid organization founded in 1946 to help Jewish refugees from Europe, survivors from the camps and the war who often were the sole survivors from their families. [1] The organization was the result of the merger of the National Refugee Service and the Service to Foreign Born Department of the National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW). [2] [3] Two leaders in the formation of the new organization were Edwin Rosenberg, who became its first president, and Katharine Engel (Mrs. Irving M. Engel), of the NCJW, who became the first chair of the board of directors. [4] In 1949 a separate branch was started to deal with immigration through New York, the New York Association for New Americans (NYANA). In 1954 the national organization merged with the Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) and the migration services of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee in forming the United HIAS Service, while the NYANA remained an independent organization. [5] [6]
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, also known as Joint or JDC, is a Jewish relief organization based in New York City. Since 1914 the organisation has supported Jewish people living in Israel and throughout the world. The organization is active in more than 70 countries.
The Austrian Service Abroad is a non-profit organization funded by the Austrian government which sends young Austrians to work in partner institutions worldwide serving Holocaust commemoration in form of the Austrian Memorial Service, supporting vulnerable social groups and sustainability initiatives in form of the Austrian Social Service and realizing projects of peace within the framework of the Austrian Peace Service. The Austrian Service Abroad is the issuer of the annually conferred Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award.
The history of the Jews in Pittsburgh dates back to the mid-19th century. In 2002, Jewish households represented 3.8% of households in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. As of 2017, there were an estimated 50,000 Jews in the Greater Pittsburgh area. In 2012, Pittsburgh's Jewish community celebrated its 100th year of federated giving through the Jewish Federation of Greater Pittsburgh. The city's Jewish federation is one of the oldest in the country, marking the deep historical roots of Jews in Pittsburgh.
Sh'erit ha-Pletah (Hebrew: שארית הפליטה, romanized: Sh'erit ha-Pletah, meaning surviving remnant, and is a term from the Book of Ezra and 1 Chronicles is a Hebrew term for the more than 250,000 Jewish Holocaust survivors living in Displaced Persons camps after the end of the Holocaust and Second World War, and the organisations they created to act on their behalf with the Allied authorities. These were active between 27 May 1945 and 1950–51, when the last DP camps closed.
The National Council of Jewish Women(NCJW) is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. Founded in 1893, NCJW describes itself as the oldest Jewish women's grassroots organization in the United States, currently comprising over 180,000 members. As of 2021, there are 60 sections across 30 states. The NCJW focuses on expanding abortion access, securing federal judicial appointments, promoting voting integrity, and mobilizing Israeli feminist movements. These objectives are advanced through lobbying, research, education, and community engagement.
HIAS is a Jewish American nonprofit organization that provides humanitarian aid and assistance to refugees. It was established on November 27, 1881, originally to help the large number of Russian Jewish immigrants to the United States who had left Europe to escape antisemitic persecution and violence. In 1975, the State Department asked HIAS to aid in resettling 3,600 Vietnam refugees. Since that time, the organization continues to provide support for refugees of all nationalities, religions, and ethnic origins. The organization works with people whose lives and freedom are believed to be at risk due to war, persecution, or violence. HIAS has offices in the United States and across Latin America, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. Since its inception, HIAS has helped resettle more than 4.5 million people.
Holocaust survivors are people who survived the Holocaust, defined as the persecution and attempted annihilation of the Jews by Nazi Germany and its allies before and during World War II in Europe and North Africa. There is no universally accepted definition of the term, and it has been applied variously to Jews who survived the war in German-occupied Europe or other Axis territories, as well as to those who fled to Allied and neutral countries before or during the war. In some cases, non-Jews who also experienced collective persecution under the Nazi regime are considered Holocaust survivors as well. The definition has evolved over time.
The One Thousand Children (OTC) is a designation, created in 2000, which is used to refer to the approximately 1,400 Jewish children who were rescued from Nazi Germany and other Nazi-occupied or threatened European countries, and who were taken directly to the United States during the period 1934–1945. The phrase "One Thousand Children" only refers to those children who came unaccompanied and left their parents behind back in Europe. In nearly all cases, their parents were not able to escape with their children, because they could not get the necessary visas among other reasons. Later, nearly all these parents were murdered by the Nazis.
Israel Singer was secretary general of the World Jewish Congress (WJC) from 1986 to 2007.
Paul R. Bartrop is an Australian historian of the Holocaust and genocide. From August 2012 until December 2020 he was Professor of History and Director of the Center for Judaic, Holocaust and Genocide Studies at Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida. Between 2020 and 2021 he was an honorary Visiting Professorial Fellow at the University of New South Wales, Canberra. In April 2021 he became Professor Emeritus of History at Florida Gulf Coast University, and in 2022 he became an honorary Principal Fellow in History at the University of Melbourne. During the academic year of 2011-2012 he was the Ida E. King Distinguished Visiting Professor of Holocaust and Genocide Studies at Richard Stockton College of New Jersey.
Giv'at Oz is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Jezreel Valley between Umm al-Fahm and Afula, it falls under the jurisdiction of Megiddo Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 501. The kibbutz lies north to Zalafa and Salem and Highway 66 runs near it.
The New York Association for New Americans (NYANA) was a UJC agency for refugee assistance located on the Battery in New York City.
The Blue Card is a national non-profit organization solely dedicated to providing financial assistance to destitute Holocaust survivors residing in the United States.
Islamic Relief USA (IRUSA), based in Alexandria, Virginia, is a non-profit 501(c)(3) humanitarian agency and member of the Islamic Relief Worldwide group of organizations. IRUSA was founded in California in 1993. In addition to international relief and development initiatives, Islamic Relief USA also sponsors and funds domestic projects ranging from emergency disaster responses to assisting the American homeless population and supporting those who cannot afford basic healthcare.
This is a list of books about Nazi Germany, the state that existed in Germany during the period from 1933 to 1945, when its government was controlled by Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist German Workers' Party. It also includes some important works on the development of Nazi imperial ideology, totalitarianism, German society during the era, the formation of anti-Semitic racial policies, the post-war ramifications of Nazism, along with various conceptual interpretations of the Third Reich.
The National Refugee Service (NRS) was a refugee aid organization founded in New York City on 15 May 1939 to assist refugees from Europe fleeing Nazi persecution. It represented a reorganization of a predecessor organization, the National Coordinating Committee for Aid to Refugees and Emigrants Coming from Germany (NCC), which had been in operation since 1934 as an umbrella organization of refugee aid agencies.p. 364-365 The National Refugee Service remained in existence until August 1946, when it merged with the Service for Foreign Born of the National Council of Jewish Women to form the new organization United Service for New Americans.
The German Jewish Children's Aid (GJCA) was an organization, based in America, which acted as the receiving organization for unaccompanied Jewish children emigrating primarily from Germany to the United States. It was in charge of posting bonds for the refugee children,, obtaining visas, arranging their transfer to the US and caring for them after arrival. Since 1934, the organization had helped hundreds of distressed refugee children resettle in USA. After November 1942, it was renamed "European Jewish Children's Aid."
Cecila Davidson Razovsky was a Jewish American social worker and activist for immigrants in the US.
HIAS+JCORE is a Jewish organisation which provides a Jewish voice on refugee and asylum issues in the UK.
Fanny Fligelman Brin was an American political activist best known for her peace advocacy work in the interwar years. She fought strongly for women's rights and peace as a political realist and felt impelled to act at every political call for further violence. She became involved in politics as a suffragist while she was a student at the University of Minnesota from 1902 to 1906. influenced public opinion through her activism work in women's groups, including prominent leadership in the National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW) and active membership in the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) and the National Committee on the Cause and Cure of War (NCCCW). Her greatest impact was made through organizing large groups of women around the peace cause, exerting influence to push for peace work within the groups she was involved with, speaking to groups of women to educate about the importance of peace advocacy, and reaching women through her writing in NCJW's publication The Jewish Woman.