The Indus is a transboundary river of Asia and a trans-Himalayan river of South Asia. The 3,180 km (1,980 mi) river rises in Western Tibet, flows northwest through the Ladakh and Gilgit-Baltistan regions of Kashmir, bends sharply to the left after the Nanga Parbat massif, and flows south-by-southwest through Pakistan, before it empties into the Arabian Sea near the port city of Karachi.
The Ravi River is a transboundary river crossing northwestern India and eastern Pakistan. It is one of six rivers of the Indus System in Punjab region.
The Jhelum River is a river that flows from the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir, through the Pakistani-administered territory of Azad Jammu and Kashmir and into Pakistani Punjab. It is the westernmost of the five rivers of the Punjab region, and passes through the Kashmir Valley. It is a tributary of the Chenab River and has a total length of about 725 kilometres (450 mi).
The Mangla Dam is a multipurpose dam situated on the Jhelum River in the Mirpur District of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. It is the seventh-largest dam in the world. The village of Mangla, which sits at the mouth of the dam, serves as its namesake. In November 1961, the project's selected contractors were revealed; it was announced that Binnie & Partners, a British engineering firm, were going to serve as the lead designers, engineers and inspectors for construction of the dam. The project was undertaken by a consortium known as the Mangla Dam Contractors, which consisted of eight American construction firms sponsored by the Guy F. Atkinson Company based in South San Francisco, California.
The name Mangla (منگلا) is derived from the name of a small village that was situated in District Mirpur within the State of Jammu Kashmir. The village is located in the west of the foothills of Mangla's fort. It is surrounded on three sides by the semicurvature of river Jhelum flowing North to South. It is bordered with Jhelum district and with the right bank of mangla between the State of Jammu Kashmir and Punjab province of Pakistan. Presently the word "Mangla", after the village had been razed to the ground, is used for a wide area which includes;Sultanpure, Mangla Colony and Mangla Hamlet. The village Mangla itself was named after Mangla Devi,khokhar rajput tribe lady.Mangla Devi was daughter of Khokhar kshatriya Raja Porus. It has been narrated to be the site of the crossing of the Jhelum river by the forces of Alexander the Great facing King Porus. At the time of construction of the Mangla Dam, the villages of SultanpureThill, Baral and Baruti across the river in Jhelum District were developed as residential colonies and offices for foreign workers and officials.
Jhelum is a city on the right bank of the Jhelum River, in the district of Jhelum in the north of Punjab province, Pakistan. It is the 44th largest city of Pakistan by population. Jhelum is known for providing many soldiers to the British Army before independence, and later to the Pakistan armed forces – due to which it is also known as City of Soldiers or Land of Martyrs and Warriors.
Pind Dadan Khan, a city in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan, is the capital of Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil, which is an administrative subdivision of the district.
The Indus Waters Treaty is a water-distribution treaty between India and Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank, to use the water available in the Indus River and its tributaries. The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) was signed in Karachi on 19 September 1960 by Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistani President Ayub Khan.
Mangla Cantonment is an army garrison near Mangla Dam in Jhelum District of Pakistan. The town of Mangla and Mangla dam are located across the Jhelum river in Pakistan administered Kashmir. During the construction of Mangla Dam, the area belonging to the villages of Baral, Baruti, Thill and Sultanpur was evacuated to build residential colonies and offices. After the departure of foreign contractors and their families in late 1969, the area changed hands from WAPDA to the army and was finally made a cantonment known as "Mangla Cantonment." The famous city of Mirpur is approximately 15 km from Mangla Cantonment.
Marala Headworks is a headworks situated on the Chenab River near the city of Sialkot in Punjab, Pakistan. A weir was first built during 1906–1912 in British India to feed the Upper Chenab Canal, as part of the 'Triple Canals Project'. A new Marala Barrage was constructed in 1968 to feed the Marala–Ravi Link Canal in addition to the original Upper Chenab Canal.
Gulyana is a town in Gujar Khan Tehsil, Punjab, Pakistan. Gulyana is also chief town of Union Council Gulyana which is an administrative subdivision of the Tehsil.
The Pakistan Water & Power Development Authority (WAPDA) (Urdu: is a government-owned public utility maintaining power and water in Pakistan, although it does not manage thermal power. WAPDA includes Tarbela and Mangla dams among its resources. Its headquarters are in Lahore.
Saadat Pur is the major village of the Tehsil Sarai Alamgir. It is part of Gujrat district in the north of Punjab province. The village is located on the eastern bank of the Upper Jhelum Canal and is located on road connecting Sarai Alamgir and Mirpur.
Rasul Barrage is a barrage on the River Jehlum between Jhelum District and Mandi Bahauddin District of the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is situated 72 km downstream of Mangla Dam.
The topography of Pakistan is divided into eight geographic areas: the northern highlands, the Indus River plain, the desert areas, the Pothohar Plateau, Balochistan Plateau, Salt Range, and the Sistan Basin. All the rivers of Pakistan, i.e. Sindh, Ravi River, Chenab River, Jhelum River, and Sutlej River, originate from the Himalayas mountain range. Some geographers designate Plateau as to the west of the imaginary southwest line; and the Indus Plain lies to the east of that line.
Gatiali is a village in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan. is north of Jhelum City and South of Mangla Dam.
The 2019 Kashmir earthquake struck regions of Pakistan with an epicentre in Azad Kashmir on 24 September at 16:02 local time. It had a magnitude of 5.6 and a maximum felt intensity of VII on the Modified Mercalli scale. There was severe damage in Mirpur District, causing the deaths of 40 people and injuring a further 850. The epicentre of the shallow quake was near the city of Mirpur, Pakistan. The tremors were felt in the Kashmir region, Punjab (Pakistan), Punjab (India), Uttarakhand and northern parts of India including New Delhi.
The Indus Basin Replacement Works, also known as the Indus Basin Settlement Plan, was carried out in Pakistan's Indus Basin Irrigation System, which is one of the world's largest continuous irrigation systems. The replacement works were implemented to provide Pakistan with enough water for irrigation needs following the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan. The treaty gave the rights to three eastern rivers of the Indus Basin to India, and to make up for this loss of water a network of dams and link canals was built to haul water from the western Indus tributaries Jhelum and Chenab to the eastern Ravi, Sutlej and Beas rivers. The government of Pakistan built the Tarbela Dam and Mangla Dam and a number of barrages now managed by Punjab Irrigation Department under the Indus Basin Replacement Works. Eight inter-river canals were also built between western and eastern rivers. It is due to the connectivity between these rivers that Pakistan's irrigation system is called a contiguous irrigation system.
Punjab Irrigation Department, Pakistan, is a provincial irrigation department in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Punjab Irrigation Department irrigates 21 million acres of agricultural land in Punjab. Muhammad Mohsin Leghari, an MPA from Rajanpur, is the Minister for Irrigation. Secretary Irrigation to the government of the Punjab is the administrative head of the department.
Head Balloki or Balloki Headworks is a barrage on the Ravi River in the Punjab, Pakistan. It was first built around in 1915 in British India as part of the 'Triple Canals Project' to feed the Lower Bari Doab Canal. The canal turned in a profit of 24% within ten years. The original weir has now been rebuilt as a full barrage.
