Werlein Island ( 66°25′S110°26′E / 66.417°S 110.433°E Coordinates: 66°25′S110°26′E / 66.417°S 110.433°E ) is a rocky island 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) long, lying 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) southeast of Holl Island in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Ens. Richard O. Werlein, U.S. Navy, assistant hydrographic officer with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill which established astronomical control stations in the area in January 1948.

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.
An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait, and a small island off the coast may be called a holm. A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago, such as the Philippines.
Holl Island is a rocky, triangular-shaped Antarctic island, 3.1 km (1.7 nmi) long, marking the southwest end of the Windmill Islands. Mapped from aerial photographs taken by USN Operation Highjump, 1946–1947, and USN Operation Windmill, 1947-1948. Named by the US-ACAN for Lt. Richard C. Holl, USNR, photogrammetrist with the Navy Hydrographic Office, who served as surveyor with the Operation Windmill parties which established astronomical control stations on Holl Island and along Queen Mary and Knox Coasts.
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The United States Geological Survey is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The organization has four major science disciplines, concerning biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility.
The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its territories. It is a type of gazetteer. GNIS was developed by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) to promote the standardization of feature names.
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Vanderford Glacier is a glacier about 8 km (5 mi) wide flowing northwest into the southeast side of Vincennes Bay, slightly south of the Windmill Islands. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Benjamin Vanderford, pilot of the sloop of war Vincennes of the United States Exploring Expedition under Captain Wilkes, 1838-42. The glacier was mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946-47.
Zimmerman Island is a mainly ice-free island 0.4 miles (0.6 km) southeast of Werlein Island in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for John R. Zimmerman, meteorologist and member of the Wilkes Station party of 1958.
O'Connor Island is a rocky island, 1 nautical mile long, between Holl and Ford Islands in the south part of the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by United States Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Joseph (Jerry) J. O'Connor, who served as air crewman with the eastern task group of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and assisted U.S. Navy Operation Windmill parties in establishing astronomical control stations between Wilhelm II Coast and Budd Coast during the 1947-48 season.
The Gillies Islands are three small, rocky islands protruding above Shackleton Ice Shelf 3 nautical miles (6 km) north of Cape Moyes.
Williams Nunatak is a small coastal nunatak just east of the Windmill Islands, standing at the south side of the terminus of Peterson Glacier where it faces on Penney Bay. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Calvin E. Williams, member of one of the two U.S. Navy Operation Windmill photographic units which obtained ground and aerial photographic coverage of this area in January 1948.
The Alexander Nunataks are two coastal nunataks at the southern limit of the Windmill Islands, standing on the shore of Penney Bay 0.4 nautical miles (0.7 km) east of the base of the Browning Peninsula. They were first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Photographer's Mate H.N. Alexander, a member of one of the two Operation Windmill photographic units that obtained air and ground photos of the area in January 1948.
Apfel Glacier is a glacier about 5 nautical miles (10 km) wide and 20 nautical miles (40 km) long, flowing west-northwest along the south flank of the Bunger Hills and terminating in Edisto Ice Tongue. It was mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Earl T. Apfel, professor of geology at Syracuse University, who served as geologist with the U.S. Navy Operation Windmill parties, 1947–48, which established astronomical control stations along Queen Mary, Knox and Budd Coasts.
Nye Islands are two small islands lying between Midgley Island and Pidgeon Island, in the Windmill Islands. The two islands were photographed by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47) and U.S. Navy Operation Windmill (1947–48).Though rather clearly shown in the photography, they were not shown on the resulting charts. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Harvey M. Nye, meteorological electronics technician at Wilkes Station in 1959.
Nicholson Island is the westernmost of the Bailey Rocks, lying 0.1 nautical miles (0.2 km) northeast of Budnick Hill in Newcomb Bay, Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946-47. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for R.T. Nicholson, senior carpenter, who took a leading part in the construction of nearby Casey Station in 1966.
Niles Island is a rocky island, 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) long, lying close off the south end of Holl Island in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for G.W. Niles, a member of the U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and U.S. Navy Operation Windmill photographic units which photographed the area in February 1947 and January 1948, respectively.
Warrington Island is a rocky island, 0.7 nautical miles (1.3 km) long, lying immediately south of Pidgeon Island in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946-47. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for W.H. Warrington, photographer's mate on U.S. Navy Operation Highjump flights in this and other coastal areas between 14 and 164 East longitude.
Motherway Island is a small rocky island about 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) north of Peterson Island, near the south end of the Windmill Islands of Antarctica. It was first mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Paul T. Motherway, a member of one of the two Operation Windmill photographic units which obtained aerial and ground photographic coverage of this area in January 1948.
Midgley Island is a rocky island, 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km) long, lying immediately south of Hollin Island in the Windmill Islands of Antarctica. It was first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. The island was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant E.W. Midgley, an Army Medical Corps observer who assisted Operation Windmill parties in establishing astronomical control stations between Wilhelm II Coast and Budd Coast during the 1947–48 season.
Mitchell Peninsula is a rocky peninsula, 2.5 nautical miles (5 km) long and 2 nautical miles (4 km) wide, lying between O'Brien Bay and Sparkes Bay at the east side of the Windmill Islands, Antarctica. It was first mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947 and thought to be an island connected by a steep snow ramp to the continental ice overlying Budd Coast, though the term peninsula was considered more appropriate by the Wilkes Station party of 1957. Mitchell Peninsula was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Captain Ray A. Mitchell, U.S. Navy, captain of the USS Cacapon, a tanker of the western task group of Operation Highjump, Task Force 68 of 1946–47.
Marret Glacier is a channel glacier about 4 nautical miles (7 km) wide and 4 nautical miles long, flowing northeast from the continental ice of Antarctica to the coast close east of Cape Robert. It was delineated from aerial photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Mario Marret, the leader of the French Antarctic Expedition, 1952–53, whose party extended reconnaissance of the coastal features to the west side of Victor Bay.
Sparkes Bay is a bay, 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) wide and indenting 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) between Mitchell Peninsula on the north and Robinson Ridge and Odbert Island on the south, in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Robert S. Sparkes, U.S. Navy, military leader at Wilkes Station in 1958.
Spano Island is a small rocky island 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) north of the west end of Herring Island, in the Windmill Islands. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Angelo F. Spano, meteorologist and member of the Wilkes Station party of 1960.
Teigan Island is a rocky island, 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) long, lying 0.1 nautical miles (0.2 km) northeast of Bosner Island, near the south end of the Windmill Islands. First mapped from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for B. Teigan, who served as air crewman with the central task group of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and also with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill which obtained aerial and ground photographic coverage of the Windmill Islands in January 1948.
Reist Rocks is a small group of rocks on the Antarctic coast, 8 nautical miles (15 km) west of Snyder Rocks. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47). Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Wilbur H. Reist, tractor driver with U.S. Navy Operation Windmill (1947–48), who assisted in transporting shore parties that established astronomical control stations from Wilhelm II Coast to Budd Coast.
Thompson Island is the largest and northeasternmost of the Balaena Islands, situated about 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) from the coast of Antarctica and 15 nautical miles (28 km) northeast of the Windmill Islands. The island consists of two rocky knolls separated by a low saddle of snow. This feature was first photographed from aircraft of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in February 1947, and was mapped from that photography by Gardner Blodgett in 1955. It was visited by a party of the ANARE on January 19, 1956, and named for Richard Thompson, Administrative Officer, Antarctic Division, Melbourne, who was second-in-command for several years of ANARE relief expeditions to Heard Island, Macquarie Island and Mawson Station.