| White Elephant | |
|---|---|
 Rostam Slays the White Elephant | |
| Animals of the Shahnameh |
White Elephant (Persian : فیل سفید) was mentioned in the Shahnameh at the time of Zāl and the tribe in Zablian was caring for it. At this time, Rostam was still a teenager and had not participated in any wars. Rostam's first courage was to kill the white elephant.
One day Zāl had a party and invited all friends to the celebration. At that celebration, Zāl gave gifts to all of his friends and Gifts were distributed by teenager Rostam. The day was over and the night had come and everyone was drunk and in bed. It seemed like midnight the cries of people everywhere and people were upset.
Rostam woke up sadly and questioned the source of the noise and was told that the white elephant had been released from the dam and had harmed the people. He hurriedly picked up the Maca and came out to restrain the white elephant. The teenage Rostam has proven himself to be a gladiator by killing the white elephant, so his father persuades him to attack the White Castle and take revenge on them. [1]
The Shahnameh, also transliterated Shahnama, is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,000 distichs or couplets, the Shahnameh is one of the world's longest epic poems, and the longest epic poem created by a single author. It tells mainly the mythical and to some extent the historical past of the Persian Empire from the creation of the world until the Muslim conquest in the seventh century. Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and the greater region influenced by Persian culture such as Armenia, Dagestan, Georgia, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan celebrate this national epic.
Iranian mythology, or Persian mythology in western term, is the body of the myths originally told by ancient Persians and other Iranian peoples and a genre of ancient Persian folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities of deities, heroes, and mythological creatures, and the origins and significance of the ancient Persians' own cult and ritual practices. Modern scholars study the myths to shed light on the religious and political institutions of not only Iran but of the Persosphere, which includes regions of West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, and Transcaucasia where the culture of Iran has had significant influence. Historically, these were regions long ruled by dynasties of various Iranian empires, that incorporated considerable aspects of Persian culture through extensive contact with them, or where sufficient Iranian peoples settled to still maintain communities who patronize their respective cultures. It roughly corresponds to the Iranian Plateau and its bordering plains.
Rostam or Rustam is a legendary hero in Persian mythology, the son of Zāl and Rudaba, whose life and work was immortalized by the 10th-century Persian poet Ferdowsi in the Shahnameh, or Epic of Kings, which contains pre-Islamic Iranian folklore and history. However, the roots of the narrative date much earlier.
Zāl, alternatively spelled as Zaal, is a legendary Iranian king from Sistan, and is recognized as one of the greatest warriors of the Shahnameh epic. He is the father of the equally legendary Iranian hero, Rostam.
Rudāba or Rudābeh is a Persian mythological female figure in Ferdowsi's epic Shahnameh. She is the princess of Kabul, daughter of Mehrab Kaboli and Sindukht, and later she becomes married to Zal, as they become lovers. They had two children, including Rostam, the main hero of the Shahnameh.
Rostam Farrokhzād was a dynast from the Ispahbudhan family, who served as the spahbed of the northwestern quarter (kust) of Adurbadagan under the Sasanian monarchs Boran and Yazdegerd III. Rostam is remembered as a historical figure, a character in the Persian epic poem Shahnameh, and as a touchstone of many Iranian nationalists.
Esfandiyār or Espandiyār is a legendary Iranian hero and one of the characters of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. He was the son and the crown prince of the Kayanian King Goshtasp and Queen Katāyoun. He was the grandchild of Kay Lohrasp.
In the Persian epic of Shahnameh Div-e Sepid, is the chieftain of the Divs (demons) of Mazandaran. He is a huge being. He possesses great physical strength and is skilled in sorcery and necromancy. He destroys the army of Kay Kavus by conjuring a dark storm of hail, boulders, and tree trunks using his magical skills. He then captures Kay Kavus, his commanders, and paladins; blinds them, and imprisons them in a dungeon. The greatest Persian mythical hero Rostam undertakes his "Seven Labors" to free his sovereign. At the end, Rostam slays Div-e Sepid and uses his heart and blood to cure the blindness of the king and the captured Persian heroes. Rostam also takes the Div's head as a helmet and is often pictured wearing it.
Garshāsp was, in Persian mythology, the last Shah of the Pishdadian dynasty of Persia according to Shahnameh. He was a descendant of Zaav, ruling over the Persian Empire for about nine years. His name is shared with a monster-slaying hero in Iranian mythology. The Avestan form of his name is Kərəsāspa and in Middle Persian his name is Kirsāsp.
Sudabeh or Sodaba is a character in the Persian epic Shahnameh. She was princess of Hamavaran kingdom and later, becomes the wife of Kay Kāvus, King of Iran, and stepmother to prince Siyavash.
Kay Bahman or Wahman is a mythological figure of Greater Iranian legend and lore. The stock epithet Kai identifies Bahman as one of the Kayanian kings of Iranian oral tradition.
The Seven Labors of Rustam were a series of acts carried out by the greatest of the Iranian heroes, Rostam, The story was retold by Ferdowsi in his epic poem, Shahnameh. The Seven Labours were seven difficult tasks undertaken by Rostam, accompanied, in most instances, only by his faithful and sagacious steed Rakhsh, although in two labours he was accompanied also by the champion, Olad.
Nariman is an ancient Persian name meaning "faith and brightness".
Mâzandarân, is an important place known as Devil's Land whose name is mentioned 63 times in the Shahnameh, the national epic of Greater Iran. There are references to the Mazandaran of legend not only in the Shahnameh, but also in the much older Avesta.
Goudarz is one of the main Iranian heroes in Shahnameh, the national epic of Greater Iran, and progenitor of one of its most prominent families. He is son of Kashvad, father of Giv and Roham and the grandfather of Bizhan. His first appearance is in the time of Kay Kavus and thereafter he appears almost in every story of the heroic age, sometimes he is the spahbed of Iranian Army. His personality is described very positively with traits such as loyalty, patience and altruism.
Zavare or Zavareh is an Iranian hero in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. He was brother to Rostam and the son of Zal and played an important role in the Iranian invasion of Turan after the murder of Siyavash by the command of the Turanian king, Afrasiyab. It is said that Zavara killed the Turanian prince Sokhra in the way that the Turanians killed the Iranian prince Siyavash.
And Zavare left the camp [to fight with them], with the god's help and with the shah's will.
Akvan Div is a mythical creature who appears in the role of Div. The subject of the story goes back to the time of Kay Khosrow. He can either disappear from view or become an onager or become a storm. In this story Akwan Div is in the onager herds with a brilliant body.
Battle of Rostam and Esfandiyār is a story in Ferdowsi's Persian epic Shahnameh. It narrates a war between two Iranian governments. The difference from the other wars is that only the warlords are engaged in duels and the division is both observers. The reason for the war is Rostam's disobedience to Esfandiyār's father, Goshtāsp, the king of Iran.
Zal and Rudaba are the fate of two lovers in Shahnameh. Zāl's love for Rudaba begins when he enters the suburbs of Kabul under the rule of the governor and hears Mehrab, the ruler of Kabul, have a daughter in the palace. Zal was ruling as a teenager in Zabol and was ordered by King Manuchehr of Iran. It was likely that the tax collection of the countries under the command of Iran was with Zal, and he camped with his battalion on the outskirts of Kabol.
Rostam and Shaghad is a heroic-tragic story with 212 verses in Shahnameh. The end of Rostam Dastan and his horse Rakhsh is in this story.
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