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Kiribati,officially the Republic of Kiribati,is an island country in Oceania in the central Pacific Ocean. Its permanent population is over 119,000 as of 2020 census,with more than half living on Tarawa atoll. The state comprises 32 atolls and one remote raised coral island,Banaba. Its total land area is 811 km2 (313 sq mi) dispersed over 3,441,810 km2 (1,328,890 sq mi) of ocean.
The islands which now form the Republic of Kiribati have been inhabited for at least seven hundred years,and possibly much longer. The initial Austronesian peoples’population,which remains the overwhelming majority today,was visited by Polynesian and Melanesian invaders before the first European sailors visited the islands in the 17th century. For much of the subsequent period,the main island chain,the Gilbert Islands,was ruled as part of the British Empire. The country gained its independence in 1979 and has since been known as Kiribati.
The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesians,so the origins of the people of Tuvalu can be traced to the spread of humans out of Southeast Asia,from Taiwan,via Melanesia and across the Pacific islands of Polynesia.
The Gilbert Islands are a chain of sixteen atolls and coral islands in the Pacific Ocean,about halfway between Papua New Guinea and Hawaii. They constitute the main part of the nation of Kiribati.
Banaba is an island of Kiribati in the Pacific Ocean. A solitary raised coral island west of the Gilbert Island Chain,it is the westernmost point of Kiribati,lying 185 miles (298 km) east of Nauru,which is also its nearest neighbour. It has an area of six square kilometres (2.3 sq mi),and the highest point on the island is also the highest point in Kiribati,at 81 metres (266 ft) in height. Along with Nauru and Makatea,it is one of the important elevated phosphate-rich islands of the Pacific.
Nui is an atoll and one of nine districts of the Pacific Ocean state of Tuvalu. It has a land area of 3.37 km²and a population of 610.
The British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT) was the name of a colonial entity,created in 1877,for the administration,under a single representative of the British Crown,styled High Commissioner for the Western Pacific,of a series of Pacific islands in and around Oceania. Except for Fiji and the Solomon Islands,most of these colonial possessions were relatively minor.
Jack Charles Barley was an English cricketer and a British Colonial Service administrator. A right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper,he played four first-class matches,all for different teams. He scored 12 runs in eight innings and made five dismissals:one stumping and four catches.
Charles Morris Woodford was a British naturalist and government minister active in the Solomon Islands. He became the first Resident Commissioner of the Solomon Islands Protectorate,serving from 1896 until 1915.
Edward Carlyon Eliot,was a British Colonial Service administrator.
Fred Whibley abandoned a career as clerk in a London bank to escape from the constraints and social expectations of respectability in the Victorian era. He ended up as a copra trader on Niutao in Tuvalu in the central Pacific Ocean.
Alfred Restieaux (1832–1911) was born in Paris,France,and came from a family of French descent. His grandfather was a French nobleman who escaped the guillotine during the French Revolution. At the age of 16 he migrated to Australia and later he travelled to South America and North America. He later became an island trader in the central Pacific. From 1867 to 1872 he had dealings with Ben Pease and Bully Hayes,two of the more notorious captains of ships and blackbirders that operated in the Pacific at that time.
Christian Martin Kleis (1850–1908),known as Martin Kleis,was born in Denmark and died in the Ellice Islands (Tuvalu). Kleis was the resident trader on Nui in the late 19th century.
The Governor of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands was the colonial head of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands civil service from 1892 until 1979.
Vivian Fox-Strangways was a British officer,Resident Commissioner of the partly occupied by Japan Gilbert and Ellice Islands,from 1941 to 1946.
Michael Louis Bernacchi (1911–1983) was a British colonial administrator,who was the Resident Commissioner of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands from 1952 to 1961.
Charles Richard Swayne,born in Dublin,was the first Resident Commissioner of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands protectorate,from 1892 to 1895.
Cyril George Fox Cartwright was a British Colonial Service administrator. He died during the Japanese occupation of the Gilbert Islands.
John Quayle-Dickson,DSO was a British military officer and Colonial Service administrator.
References
- 1 2 3 Walsh, Michael Ravell (2020). A History of Kiribati: From the Earliest Times to the 40th Anniversary of the Republic. pp. 176–178. ISBN 9-79869535-895-7.
- ↑ Mahaffy, Arthur (1909). "CO 225/86/26804". Report by Mr. Arthur Mahaffy on a visit to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands (Report). London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
- 1 2 Correspondent (5 June 1913). "Modern buccaneers in the West Pacific" (PDF). The New Age. South Africa: 136–140.
- ↑ "No. 28308". The London Gazette . 16 November 1909. p. 8458.
- ↑ Couper, Alastair (2020). Sailors and Traders: A Maritime History of the Pacific Peoples. pp. 176–178. ISBN 9-79869535-895-7.
- ↑ "No. 12519". The Edinburgh Gazette . 10 December 1912. p. 1344.
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