Knyaz, also knez, knjaz or kniaz is a historical Slavic title, used both as a royal and noble title in different times. It is usually translated into English as "prince", "king", or "duke" depending on specific historical context and the potentially known Latin equivalents at the time, but the word originally derived from the common Germanic *kuningaz (king).
This article discusses the organizational and administrative structure of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Stolnik was a court office in Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine and Russia, responsible for serving the royal table, then an honorary court title and a district office. It approximately corresponds to English term "pantler".
Šalčininkai is a city in Vilnius County, Lithuania, situated south-east of Vilnius, near the border with Belarus.
Feliks Zamoyski was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic).
Islam in Lithuania, unlike many other northern and western European countries, has a long history starting from the 14th century. The medieval Grand Duchy of Lithuania of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, stretching from the Baltic to Black seas, included several Muslim lands in the south inhabited by Crimean Tatars. A few Muslims migrated to ethnically Lithuanian lands, now the current Republic of Lithuania, mainly during the rule of Grand Duke Vytautas. The Tatars, now referred to as Lithuanian Tatars, lost their language over time and now speak Lithuanian; however, they maintained Islam as their religion. Due to the long isolation from the greater Islamic world, the practices of the Lithuanian Tatars differ somewhat from the rest of Sunni Muslims; they are not considered a separate sect, however, although some of the Lithuanian Tatars practice what could be called Folk Islam. One anonymous Lithuanian Tatar who made Hajj to Mecca acknowledged in his work the risale that the Lithuanian Tatars had unorthodox customs and rituals so that they could possibly be viewed as infidel (kafir) from the perspective of orthodox Muslims.
Pilsotas is a 34-story building in the Gandrališkės residential district of Klaipėda, Lithuania designed by Donatas Rakauskas, completed in May 2007. It is the tallest residential building in Lithuania. The tower is named after a medieval Curonian land, *Pilsāts, encompassing the area in which it is located.
Medininkai Castle, a medieval castle in Vilnius district, Lithuania, was built in the first half of the 14th century. The defensive perimeter of the castle was 6.5 ha; it is the largest enclosure type castle in Lithuania. It was built on plain ground and was designed for flank defence. The rectangular castle's yard covered approximately 1.8 hectares and was protected by walls 15 metres high and 2 metres thick. The castle had 4 gates and towers. The main tower (donjon), about 30 metres high, was used for residential quarters. Medininkai was first mentioned in 1392. The castle was badly damaged by a major fire in the late 15th century. Because of increased use of firearms, this type of castle was no longer suited for defensive purposes and was later used as a residence. During the 17th–18th centuries it was reorganized into a farm and a bakery. After the castle's restoration, its museum currently exhibits large collection of items made from silver by artisans of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and collection of hunting trophies and hunting knives of President Algirdas Brazauskas.
Tomas Baranauskas is a Lithuanian historian specializing in the history of medieval Lithuania.
The Tyzenhauz family was a noble family of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of German extraction. It was active in the Duchy of Livonia, Duchy of Courland and the northern Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Among the best-known members of the family were Gothard Jan Tyzenhauz, the Voivode of Dorpat (1634–1640), Konstanty Tyzenhauz (1786–1853), ornithologist, and Antoni Tyzenhauz (1733–1785), the manager of royal property during the reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski. Antoni built Tyzenhauz Palace in Vilnius, Lithuania. In Rokiškis, northern Lithuania, the family also built the neogothic church of St. Matthias and Rokiškis Manor, which now houses Rokiškis Regional Museum.
Josvainiai is a small town in Kėdainiai district, central Lithuania. It is located on the Šušvė River 10 km southwest from Kėdainiai. The town comprises the Catholic All Saints Church, a gymnasium, a post office, a public library, a stud farm, and a culture house.
Stanislaw Krasiński was a Polish-Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic) and politician.
Gruszecki is the name of a Polish, Lithuanian, Ukrainian and Russian noble family.
Vyerkhnyadzvinsk or Verkhnedvinsk, previously known as Drysa or Drissa until 1962, is a town in Vitebsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Vyerkhnyadzvinsk District. It is located at the confluence of the Drysa River and the Daugava River. Its population in 2009 was 7,600. As of 2024, it has a population of 6,870.
Šventybrastis is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 144 people. The village is located on the left bank of the Nevėžis river, by the Brasta rivulet. The village has a wooden church of the Transfiguration of Jesus, a monument for independence, four sacred oak trees, a cemetery, and a library. The Šventybrastis Landscape Sanctuary is located nearby, while the Lančiūnava-Šventybrastis Forest is some kilometres away from the village.
Stanisław Niemira of Gozdawa coat of arms was a Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth noble and politician. Wojski of Podlaskie from 1611. Chorąży of Mielnik (1613-1617). Castellan of Podlaskie (1630–34). Voivode of Podlaskie (1634-1648).
Justynian Niemirowicz Szczytt was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic), a chamberlain (podkomorzy) of Polotsk and a deputy to the sejm (parliament) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Veshtegan is a village in Jasb Rural District, in the Central District of Delijan County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 90, in 32 families.
Antoni Chlewiński (1750-1800) was a prominent member of the Polish-Lithuanian landed gentry of the Radwan coat of arms. A lieutenant general of the Lithuanian Army, he fought in both the War of 1792 and Kościuszko Uprising of 1794.
Jurgaičiai is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 7 people. It is located 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) from Pajieslys, in the Pajieslys Geomorphological Sanctuary.
