Women's Royal Air Force

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Women's Royal Air Force
Buckingham Palace (13996052528).jpg
25 July 1919: King's Open Court, Buckingham Palace tribute to WW I Workers. – shown: members of the Women's Royal Air Force.
Active1918–1920
1949–1994
AllegianceFlag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom
Branch Royal Air Force
RoleSupport services
SizePeak of ~25,000 (1918–1920)
Garrison/HQ RAF Hawkinge
Commanders
Last Director WRAF Air Commodore Ruth Montague
Air Chief Commandant Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester

The Women's Royal Air Force (WRAF) was the women's branch of the Royal Air Force. It existed in two separate incarnations: the Women's Royal Air Force from 1918 to 1920 and the Women's Royal Air Force from 1949 to 1994.

Contents

On 1 February 1949, the name of the First World War organisation was revived when the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, which had been founded in 1939, was re-established on a regular footing as the Women's Royal Air Force. The WRAF and the RAF grew closer over the following decades, with increasing numbers of trades opened to women, and the two services formally merged in 1994, marking the full assimilation of women into the British forces and the end of the Women's Royal Air Force.

The Central Band of the WRAF, one of only two all-female bands in the British Armed Forces, was disbanded in 1972. Some of its musicians transferred to the Band of the Women's Royal Army Corps.

Women were only permitted to become aircrew as air loadmasters and air stewards until 1989, when all flying posts were opened to women, [1] although they were not permitted to become aircrew on fast jets until 1994.

A fitter of the Women's Royal Air Force working on the Liberty engine of a De Havilland Airco DH.9A. WRAF working on a De Havilland 9A. Q27562.jpg
A fitter of the Women's Royal Air Force working on the Liberty engine of a De Havilland Airco DH.9A.

Strength

The Best Cadet receives her certificate from Air Marshal Sir Arthur Sanders and Air Commandant Dame Felicity Hanbury, the first Director of the Women's Royal Air Force, at RAF Hawkinge. Sanders and Hanbury IWM GOV 2669.jpg
The Best Cadet receives her certificate from Air Marshal Sir Arthur Sanders and Air Commandant Dame Felicity Hanbury, the first Director of the Women's Royal Air Force, at RAF Hawkinge.

The target strength had been a force of around 90,000, figures are unreliable until 1 August 1918, when the strength was 15,433, approximately 5,000 recruits and 10,000 transferred from the predecessor organisations. The first incarnation never exceeded 25,000. [2]

Depots

Depots were opened in 1918 at Handsworth College, in Glasgow, at RAF Flowerdown, RAF Spitalgate, near Grantham, and at York. In the 1950s the WRAF Depot and WRAF Officer Cadet Training Unit were opened at RAF Hawkinge in Kent.

Ranks

The WRAF inherited its rank structure from its predecessor, the WAAF. As with WAAF practice (from 1940), other ranks held standard RAF ranks, but officers used a separate ranking system until 1968, when they too adopted RAF officer ranks.

NATO codeOF-10OF-9OF-8OF-7OF-6OF-5OF-4OF-3OF-2OF-1
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Women's Royal Air Force
(1949–1968)
UK-Air-OF7.svg UK-Air-OF6.svg UK-Air-OF5.svg UK-Air-OF4.svg UK-Air-OF3.svg UK-Air-OF2.svg UK-Air-OF1A.svg UK-Air-OF1B.svg
Air Chief Commandant [note 1] Air Commandant Group Officer Wing Officer Squadron Officer Flight Officer Section Officer Assistant Section Officer
Ensign of the Royal Air Force.svg  Royal Air Force [3]
British RAF OF-10 (ceremonial shoulder board).svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-10 Sleeve.svg British RAF Air Officer (ceremonial shoulder board).svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-9 Sleeve.svg British RAF Air Officer (ceremonial shoulder board).svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-8 Sleeve.svg British RAF Air Officer (ceremonial shoulder board).svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-7 Sleeve.svg British RAF Air Officer (ceremonial shoulder board).svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-6 Sleeve.svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-5 Sleeve.svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-4 Sleeve.svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-3 Sleeve.svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-2 Sleeve.svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-1b Sleeve.svg United Kingdom-AirForce-OF-1a Sleeve.svg
Marshal of the RAF Air chief marshal Air marshal Air vice-marshal Air commodore Group captain Wing commander Squadron leader Flight lieutenant Flying officer Pilot officer
/acting pilot officer
Dame Helen Gwynne-Vaughan, GBE, WRAF Commandant 1918-1920. First Chief Controller, Queen Mary's Army Auxiliary Corps (QMAAC) in France, Dame Helen Gwynne-Vaughan, GBE. Art.IWMART3048.jpg
Dame Helen Gwynne-Vaughan, GBE , WRAF Commandant 1918–1920.

These ranks were introduced in 1949. The First World War service used different ranks.

List of Commandants WRAF

List of Directors WRAF

See also

Notes

  1. An honorary rank held only by Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, who held it as a rank (until 1968) and later an appointment throughout the WRAF's existence. On 1 April 1994 her title changed to Air Chief Commandant for Women, RAF, by which time she held the rank of Air Chief Marshal.

References

  1. "Female Aircrew in the RAF", Newscheck, Careers and Occupational Centre, vol. 1, no. 3, July 1990
  2. Women in Air Force Blue. p. 21.
  3. "RAF Ranks". raf.mod.uk/. Royal Air Force . Retrieved 21 September 2021.

Further reading