Yi Je-ma | |
Hangul | 이제마 |
---|---|
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Yi Je-ma |
McCune–Reischauer | Yi Chema |
Yi Je-ma (1837 - 1900) was a Korean medicine scholar in Late Joseon period.
He wrote a book Dongyi Suse Bowon:Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine (동의수세보원,東醫壽世保元) in 1894. The book is about constitution of people. He claimed that because each person's natural constitution is different,the same disease must be treated differently. [1]
Yi was born as a love child of Jinsa Yi Ban-Oh. As his family was prominent in Hamhung,Yi was able to receive education of sinology,however it was impossible for him to overcome the restrictions of class. Yi wanted to attend the military examination of Gwageo and become a military officer. But,he started his study for diseases as he often suffered from inveterate illness. [2]
Emperor Wu of Jin,personal name Sima Yan,courtesy name Anshi (安世),was a grandson of Sima Yi,nephew of Sima Shi and son of Sima Zhao. He became the first emperor of the Jin dynasty after forcing Cao Huan,last emperor of the state of Cao Wei,to abdicate to him. He reigned from 266 to 290,and after conquering the state of Eastern Wu in 280,was the emperor of a reunified China. Emperor Wu was also known for his extravagance and sensuality,especially after the unification of China;legends boasted of his incredible potency among ten thousand concubines.
Chen Shou,courtesy name Chengzuo (承祚),was a Chinese historian,politician,and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China. Chen Shou is best known for his most celebrated work,the Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi),which records the history of the late Eastern Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period. Chen Shou wrote the Sanguozhi primarily in the form of biographies of notable persons of those eras. Today,Chen's Records of the Three Kingdoms is part of the Twenty-Four Histories canon of Chinese history.
Traditional Korean medicine refers to the forms of traditional medicine practiced in Korea.
The Sasang constitutional medicine or Sasang typology is a typological constitution medicine of Traditional Korean medicine. It was systematized by Yi Je-ma in his book Dongyi Suse Bowon:Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine in 1894. It divides people into four body types based on their biopsychosocial traits. The classification was derived from the five body types of Traditional Chinese medicine described in an ancient Chinese medical book Lingshu Jing of Huangdi Neijing.
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The Dongyi or Eastern Yi was a collective term for ancient peoples found in Chinese records. The definition of Dongyi varied across the ages,but in most cases referred to inhabitants of eastern China. Then later,the Korean peninsula and Japanese Archipelago. Dongyi refers to different group of people in different periods. As such,the name "Yí" 夷 was something of a catch-all and was applied to different groups over time. According to the earliest Chinese record,the Zuo Zhuan,the Shang dynasty was attacked by King Wu of Zhou while attacking the Dongyi and collapsed afterward.
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Wang Ji,courtesy name Boyu,was a military general of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He started his career as a low-ranking official under Wang Ling,the governor of Qing Province. During this time,he was noted for exemplary performance and was later transferred to the central government in Luoyang. He was subsequently promoted to the position of a commandery administrator,but was briefly removed from office when the Wei regent Sima Yi ousted his co-regent Cao Shuang in a coup d'état in 249. However,he was quickly recalled to government service,promoted to the position of governor of Jing Province and appointed as a military general. From 251 until his death in 261,Wang Ji maintained close but professional working relationships with the Wei regents Sima Shi and Sima Zhao. During this time,he supervised military operations in Jing,Yu and Yang provinces,and defended Wei's eastern and southern borders against attacks by Wei's rival state,Eastern Wu. He also assisted Sima Shi and Sima Zhao in suppressing two of the three Shouchun rebellions in 255 and 257–258 respectively. In 261,in the months just before his death,he correctly pointed out that two Eastern Wu military officers were pretending to defect to Wei,and managed to stop the Wei forces from falling into a trap.
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