Politics of Madagascar takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, with a pluralist multi-party system. The President of Madagascar is head of state and the Prime Minister of Madagascar is head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the bicameral parliament, which is composed of the Senate and the National Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
Marc Ravalomanana is a Malagasy politician who served as the sixth President of Madagascar from 2002 to 2009. Born into a farming Merina family in Imerinkasinina, near the capital city of Antananarivo, Ravalomanana first rose to prominence as the founder and CEO of the vast dairy conglomerate TIKO, later launching successful wholesaler MAGRO and several additional companies.
Jacques Hugues Sylla was a Malagasy politician. He was the Prime Minister of Madagascar under President Marc Ravalomanana from February 2002 to January 2007. He subsequently served as the President of the National Assembly of Madagascar from October 2007 to March 2009.
Didier Ignace Ratsiraka was a Malagasy politician and naval officer who was the third President of Madagascar from 1975 to 1993 and the fifth from 1997 to 2002. At the time of his death, he was the longest-serving President of Madagascar.
Norbert Lala Ratsirahonana is a Malagasy politician who served as the sixteenth Prime Minister of Madagascar and acting President of Madagascar from 1996 to 1997.
Daniel Rajakoba was a Malagasy politician.
Andry Nirina Rajoelina is a Malagasy-French politician and businessman who has served as president of Madagascar since 2023. He previously served as president from 2019 to 2023, and was president of a provisional government from 2009 to 2014 following a political crisis and military-backed coup, having held the office of Mayor of Antananarivo for one year prior. Before entering the political arena, Rajoelina was involved in the private sector, including a printing and advertising company called Injet in 1999 and the Viva radio and television networks in 2007.
The 2009 Malagasy political crisis began on 26 January 2009 with the political opposition movement led by Antananarivo mayor Andry Rajoelina, which sought to oust President Marc Ravalomanana from the presidency. The crisis reached its climax in the 2009 Malagasy coup d'état when Andry Rajoelina was declared the president of the High Transitional Authority of Madagascar on 21 March 2009, five days after Ravalomanana transferred his power to a military council and fled to South Africa.
Jonah Parfait Prezaly is a Malagasy politician who served as a member of the High Authority of the Transition (HAT) under President Andry Rajoelina. He was a member of the Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for National Recovery (LEADER-Fanilo) party.
Mamisoa Rakotomandimbindraibe is a Malagasy politician. She was a member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party the 2002 and 2007 Malagasy parliamentary elections. She represents the constituency of Ambatolampy.
Jean André Soja was a Malagasy politician. He was a member of the Senate of Madagascar for Anosy. He was elected member of the senate before 2002. He also was a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara and is the founder of Liaraike, his personal party.
The High Transitional Authority was a provisional executive body that came to power in Madagascar following the coup that forced Marc Ravalomanana to leave the country on March 17, 2009, as a result of the 2009 Malagasy protests. It was headed by Andry Rajoelina, who appointed members to the body weeks prior to the handing of executive authority from Ravalomanana to the military, which subsequently gave the authority over to the High Transitional Authority.
Benja Razafimahaleo is a Malagasy politician who served as Minister of Finance in the government of Madagascar from March 2009 to September 2009.
Brigadier General Albert Camille Vital is a Malagasy Army officer, politician and civil engineer who was Prime Minister of Madagascar from 2009 to 2011 after the 2009 Coup d'Etat. He is the president of the Parti Hiaraka Isika.
The Third Republic of Madagascar (officially called the Republic of Madagascar refers to the 18-year-long period in Malagasy history after the dissolution of the socialist regime in 1992.
Hery Martial Rajaonarimampianina Rakotoarimanana is a Malagasy politician who served as the seventh President of Madagascar from 2014 to 2018, resigning to run for re-election.
Presidential elections were held in Madagascar on 7 November. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a second round involving the top two candidates, Andry Rajoelina and Marc Ravalomanana, was held on 19 December. On 27 December Rajoelina was announced as the winner with 56% of the vote.
Parliamentary elections were held in Madagascar on 27 May 2019 to elect the 151 members of the National Assembly. They followed presidential elections held in November and December 2018, which saw Andry Rajoelina return to power as president.
Parliamentary elections were held in Madagascar on 29 May 2024 to elect the 163 members of the National Assembly. The election took place a few months after Andry Rajoelina was re-elected in the November 2023 presidential elections, which were marked by low turnout and an opposition boycott.
