Zánka | |
|---|---|
 The hill of Hegyestű | |
 Location of Veszprém county in Hungary | |
  Zánka Location of Zánka | |
| Coordinates: 46°52′30″N17°40′42″E / 46.87505°N 17.67841°E | |
| Country |  Hungary |
| County | Veszprém |
| Area | |
| • Total | 19.55 km2 (7.55 sq mi) |
| Population (2017) | |
| • Total | 796 [1] |
| • Density | 46.18/km2 (119.6/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 8251 |
| Area code | 87 |
Zánka is a village in Veszprém county, Hungary.
Zan is an ancient Hungarian personal name, and the original name of the settlement. The diminutive suffix -ka was added later.
Zánka has been inhabited since Roman times. Its settlement was most likely due to good agricultural conditions. In the 12th century, the first version of what is today the Calvinist church was built in the old village; both the village and its church are mentioned in the chronicles between 1333 and 1335. A charter from 1519 mentions that the church's patron was Saint Stephen, King of Hungary. During the Ottoman Wars, the village lost a majority of its population, which had been primarily Catholic. When it was repopulated, most of the new inhabitants were Calvinist, resulting in the destroyed church's subsequent reconstruction and use by that denomination, though this later changed; in 1786 both Calvinist and Lutheranian religion used the same church.
During the 20th century, the permanent population of the village started to decline due to urbanization. However, the physical town began to grow due to a surge in vacationers. Whereas the old village was located on a hill overlooking the Balaton, and not touching the shore itself, with the construction of vacation homes the village began to stretch down towards the lake-front. A vacationing center for youths was built during the communist regime a few kilometers from the town, mostly used for light indoctrination. In the 21st century, this fell into private hands with the rise of the capitalist regime. Around the same time, a Catholic church in the modern architectural style was built in the village.
The constructional history of the Árpád dynasty age church was revealed during the renovation and archaeological excavations between 1984 and 1985. On the basis of the construction and structure the architects estimated the foundation at the 12th century. This is the oldest church of the Balaton region. Its eastern apsis exhibits strong similarities with the construction of apses of the churches of Dejte and Hidegség, where the quadrilateral outer building hides the central inner space. This type of rotunda was widely distributed in Eastern Europe and Middle East. On this strong basement of the eastern apsis the later tower was built both in Zánka and at Hidegség.
This apsis type can be found in the Pontian region and in Asia Minor, in Egypt and in Syria. Ancient Coptic churches were also built in such style which survived in the architectural art of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire). This style also can be found in the western European region (for example Fulda, Saint Michele church).
Also a rare character of the church is the robust western tower. The similar types are known from the medieval German architecture, especially in the Brandenburg Mark.
Debrecen is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and it is one of the Hungarian people's most important cultural centres. Debrecen was also the capital city of Hungary during the revolution in 1848–1849. During the revolution, the dethronement of the Habsburg dynasty was declared in the Reformed Great Church. The city also served as the capital of Hungary by the end of World War II in 1944–1945. It is home to the University of Debrecen.
A rotunda is any roofed building with a circular ground plan, and sometimes covered by a dome. It may also refer to a round room within a building. The Pantheon in Rome is perhaps the most famous, and is the most influential rotunda. A band rotunda is a circular bandstand, usually with a dome.
Gyügye is a small village in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, in the Northern Great Plain region of eastern Hungary.
Dömös is a village in Komárom-Esztergom County in Hungary.
Hidegség is a village in Győr-Moson-Sopron county, Hungary.
Boldva is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary.
Karcsa is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary, that dates back to the time of the Hungarian settlement. There is a 1000-year-old graveyard in the neighboring town Karos and archaeological discoveries confirm this. The village is well known for its Romanesque church built probably around 1000 after the Huns converted to Christianity.
Rakacaszend is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary. It is located in the hilly Cserehát region. The village is famous for its medieval church.
Balatonszentgyörgy is a village in Somogy county, Hungary. It is near to the village of Balatonberény. The village is next to Lake Balaton.
Dozmat is a village in Vas County, Hungary.
Őriszentpéter is a town in Vas County, Hungary.
Csempeszkopács is a village in Vas County, Hungary.
Hungarian art stems from the period of the conquest of the Carpathian basin by the people of Árpád in the 9th century. Prince Árpád also organized earlier people settled in the area.
Isaszeg is a town in Pest county, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary. It has a population of 10,979 (2007).
Nagybörzsöny is a village in Pest County, Hungary.
Tarnaszentmária is a village in Heves County, Hungary, under the Mátra mountain range, beside of the Tarna River. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 227. The village located 17.6 km from Eger, the capital of the county and beside of the Kisterenye–Kál-Kápolna railway line, 15.5 km from the main road 3 and 21.2 km from the M3 motorway. Although the settlement has its own railway stop, public transport on the railway line ceased on 3 March 2007. The closest train station with public transport is in Eger 17.9 km away.
Zalaháshágy is a village in Zala County, in Hungary.
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Before World War I, the Reformed Christian Church in Serbia was part of the Reformed Church in Hungary. In the period of the Reformation, Rev Sztáray planted 120 Calvinist congregations in the region. In the period of the Ottoman Empire, regions of Hungary were part of the empire and some villages were destroyed. After the Turks were defeated, Hungarian Calvinists emerged from Debrecen and Szentes. In 1898, a whole Catholic village converted to the Calvinist faith because the Catholic church refused to celebrate the mass in the Hungarian language. After World War I, this part of Hungary was connected to Serbia. In 1933, the Reformed Church in Yugoslavia was founded. At that time, among Hungarians, there were German Calvinist congregations; the Germans arrived in this region in the 18th century. After World War II, the Germans were forced to leave the country. There are Czech-speaking and a remnant of German speaking congregations, which had suffered during the Communist regime. A number of congregations separated when Croatia become independent to form the Reformed Christian Church in Croatia.
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