Édouard-Gérard Balbiani | |
---|---|
Born | Port-au-Prince, Haiti | 31 July 1823
Died | 25 July 1899 75) Meudon, Hauts-de-Seine, France | (aged
Education | Frankfurt, Paris |
Known for | The general theory of the autonomy of the germ cell |
Children | Daughter: Laure Binet |
Relatives | Alfred Binet, son-in-law |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Embryology, microbiology |
Institutions | Collège de France |
Academic advisors | Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville |
Édouard-Gérard Balbiani (July 31, 1823 – July 25, 1899) was a French embryologist born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. [1]
He was educated in Frankfurt and Paris. In Paris he studied natural sciences under zoologist Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777-1850). In 1874 he became professor of embryogeny at the Collège de France, where he remained until his death in 1899.
Balbiani is known for his work in microbiology as well as his studies in embryology. He is credited with the discovery of sexual organ development in Chironomus which eventually led to the general theory on the autonomy of the germ cell. Also, he conducted comprehensive biological research on the sexual habits of Phylloxera vastatrix . [2] With anatomist Louis-Antoine Ranvier (1835-1922), he founded the Archives d'anatomie microscopique.
In 1884, his daughter Laure Balbiani married psychologist Alfred Binet.
Polytene chromosomes are large chromosomes which have thousands of DNA strands. They provide a high level of function in certain tissues such as salivary glands of insects.
Louis Jacolliot was a French barrister, colonial judge, author and lecturer.
Pierre Carle Édouard Potain was a French cardiologist born in Paris.
Joannes Charles Melchior Chatin was a French botanist and zoologist.
Jean Paul Louis François Édouard Leuge-Dulaurier was a French Orientalist, Armenian studies scholar and Egyptologist.
Julien Noël Costantin was a French botanist and mycologist who was a native of Paris.
Hermann Fol was a Swiss zoologist and the father of modern cytology.
Louis-Félix Henneguy was a French zoologist and embryologist born in Paris.
Charles Eugène Bertrand was a French botanist, paleobotanist and geologist. He is remembered for his research involving the formation of coal.
Édouard Joseph Dantan was a French painter in the classical tradition. He was widely recognized and successful, even receiving grudging respect from a contemporary Modernist painter and critic Walter Sickert.
Pierre Clement Augustin Dangeard was a botanist and mycologist known for his investigations of sexual reproduction in fungi. He was the father of botanist Pierre Dangeard (1895–1970) and geologist Louis Dangeard (1898–1987).
Gustave Foëx was a French ampelographer and a colleague of Pierre Viala.
Édouard Ernest Prillieux was a French botanist and agronomist known for his work with plant diseases.
Jean Louis Léon Guignard was a French pharmacist and botanist.
Édouard Fournier was a French homme de lettres, playwright, historian, bibliographer and librarian.
Jean-Baptiste Senderens was a French priest and chemist. He was one of the pioneers of catalytic chemistry, and a co-discoverer of catalytic hydrogenation, a process used commercially to make margarine.
Édouard Louis Julien-Laferrière was a French lawyer and authority in administrative law who held various senior administrative positions during the French Third Republic. He wrote a treatise on administrative law that defined the basis for modern French administrative law. He was appointed Governor-General of Algeria during a crisis in 1898, and established an elected advisory assembly with little real power. He encouraged southward expansion into the Sahara.
Gérard Gefen was a French musicologist and writer. He was also a journalist and music critic, translator, radio and classical record producer.
Paul Edouard Didier Riant was a French historian and scientific editor specializing in the Crusades.
Jacques Marie Benoit was a French physician, biologist and neuroendocrinologist. He was a professor at the Collège de France and is considered one of the pioneers of neuroendocrinology and photobiology.