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The Croatian Spring, or Maspok, was a political conflict that took place from 1967 to 1971 in the Socialist Republic of Croatia, at the time part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. As one of six republics comprising Yugoslavia at the time, Croatia was ruled by the League of Communists of Croatia (SKH), nominally independent from the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (SKJ), led by President Josip Broz Tito. The 1960s in Yugoslavia were marked by a series of reforms aimed at improving the economic situation in the country and increasingly politicised efforts by the leadership of the republics to protect the economic interests of their respective republics. As part of this, political conflict occurred in Croatia when reformers within the SKH, generally aligned with the Croatian cultural society Matica hrvatska, came into conflict with conservatives.
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Pero Pirker was a Croatian and Yugoslav politician. He was the mayor of Zagreb from 1963 to 1967. His mayoralty coincided with the 1964 Zagreb flood, the deadliest and costliest natural disaster since the city's incorporation, and he oversaw the rebuilding of the affected areas, including the construction of 26,000 new flats and houses. In 1969 he was elected the Secretary of the Executive Committee of the Central Commmittee of the ruling League of Communists of Croatia (SKH). He was a close associate of the main political figures of the Croatian Spring – SKH reformist leaders Savka Dabčević-Kučar and Miko Tripalo. After suppression of the Croatian Spring in late 1971, tens of thousands were expelled from the SKH, including 741 high-ranking officials such as Pirker, Dabčević-Kučar and Tripalo. Pirker died in August 1972, and his funeral drew 100,000 supporters as a form of protest against suppression of the Croatian Spring.
Ivan Šibl was a Yugoslav Partisans officer and Yugoslav People's Army Lieutenant Colonel General, as well as a writer and politician. Šibl was born in Virovitica. During the World War II, he joined the anti-fascist movement led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ). He was a member of a clandestine resistance group in Zagreb before becoming KPJ's commissar of the Banija Partisan Detachment and then the commissar of the Kalnik Partisan Detachment in 1942. The following year, Šibl became the commissar of the 2nd Operational Zone, and in 1944–1945 the KPJ's commissar of the 10th Corps of the Yugoslav Army. After the war, Šibl became the editor-in-chief of the official gazette of the KPJ, the Borba in 1953–1954. He moved to the position of the general director of the Radio Television Zagreb in 1954–1963. In 1954, Šibl was appointed member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Croatia, a member of the Croatian Sabor and the Yugoslav Parliament in several terms. He was the head of the Croatian Association of Veterans of the National Liberation War in 1969–1971. During the Croatian Spring, Šibl supported the reformist leadership of the Socialist Republic of Croatia led by Savka Dabčević-Kučar and Miko Tripalo. Following the defeat of Dabčević-Kučar and Tripalo and suppression of Croatian Spring in late 1971, Šibl was removed from all party and state functions.
References
- 1 2 3 Grbić, Srđan (2012). "Čedo Grbić o hrvatskom proljeću: Prilog o ideologiji jednog vremena" [Čedo Grbić on the Croatian Spring: Review of Ideology of a Period]. In Jakovina, Tvrtko (ed.). Hrvatsko proljeće 40 godina poslije [Croatian Spring 40 Years Later] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Centar za demokraciju i pravo Miko Tripalo. pp. 343–347. ISBN 978-953-56875-1-1.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Kokot, Jovan (1986). "Iz borbenog puta 12. slavonske proleterske udarne brigade" [From the Fighting History of the 12th Slavonian Proletarian Shock Brigade]. Časopis za suvremenu povijest (in Croatian). Zagreb: Croatian Institute of History. 18 (3): 58. ISSN 0590-9597.
- ↑ Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). The Three Yugoslavias: State-building and Legitimation, 1918–2005. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp. 256–257. ISBN 978-0-253-34656-8.
- ↑ Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). The Three Yugoslavias: State-building and Legitimation, 1918–2005. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-253-34656-8.
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