Kiev Governorate (1708–1764)

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Kiev Governorate
Киевская губерния
Governorate of the Russian Empire
1708–1764
Capital Kiev (Kyiv)
History 
• Established
December 18 (29) 1708
• Disestablished
November 7 1764
Political subdivisionsprovinces: 4
lots: 5 (until 1719)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Flag of the Cossack Hetmanat.svg Cossack Hetmanate
Little Russia Governorate (1764-1781) Blank.png
Today part of Ukraine
Russia
Division of the Russian Empire into eight guberniyas in 1708 Subdivisions of Russia in 1708 (ru).svg
Division of the Russian Empire into eight guberniyas in 1708

Kiev Governorate [lower-alpha 1] was an administrative-territorial unit ( guberniya ) of the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire. It was established in December 1708 as one of the eight guberniyas first created during the reforms of Peter the Great.

Contents

Description

The Government of Kiev in the 18th century greatly differed from the Government of Kiev in the 19th century. When one was exclusively located on the left banks of Dnieper, the other one happened to be located across the river. In territorial reform of Catherine the Great changed the name for government to the Russian vice royalty in 1781. The first Government of Kiev was established on the most part of the Cossack Hetmanate including a vast territory to east of the Hetmanate as well, while the Zaporizhian Sich was in a condominium of the Russian Empire and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

In 1727, it was split into Government of Kiev and Government of Belgorod, becoming a separate province under government of Hetman Apostol. In 1764 there was another division when the government of Little Russia and New Russia were established.

In 1781, the governments of Kiev and Little Russia were reorganized into vice-royalties of Kiev, Novhorod-Siversky, and Chernihiv soon after the partition of Poland (Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth). In 1796 the vice-royalty of Kiev was renamed back into the Government of Kiev.

The borders of the Governorate underwent significant changes, in particular in 1796 when most of its territory was relocated from the left-bank Ukraine to the right-bank Ukraine. Kiev was the administrative centre of the guberniya.

Foundation and early reforms

Russia in 1682-1762 History of Russia, 1682-1762.jpg
Russia in 1682–1762

Kiev Governorate, together with seven other governorates, was established on December 29 [ O.S. December 18], 1708, by an edict from Tsar Peter the Great. [1] As with the rest of the governorates, neither the borders nor internal subdivisions of Kiev Governorate were defined; instead, the territory was defined as a set of cities and the lands adjacent to those cities. [2] The original territory was roughly based on the Siever land surrounded by Smolensk, Moscow, and Azov Governorates.

Cities included into Kiev Governorate at the time of its establishment [1]
#City#City#City
1. Kiev 14. Sumy 27. Sevesk
2. Pereslavl 15. Krasnopolye 28. Kursk
3. Chernigov 16. Mezhirichi 29. Mtsensk
4. Nezhin 17. Zolochev 30. Putivl
5. Novobogoroditskoy 18. Buromlya 31. Karachev
6. Sergiyevskoy 19. Rublevka 32. Kromy
7. Kamennoy Zaton 20. Gorodnoye 33. Rylsk
8. Belgorod 21. Sudzha 34. Bryansk
9. Akhtyrka 22. Lebedyan 35. Orel
10. Bogodukhov 23. Miropol 36. Novosil
11. Murakhva 24.selo of Vena
12. Sennoye 25. Belopolye
13. Bolkhov 26. Olshanka

Additionally, seventeen cities (according to the source; only sixteen were actually listed) of Azov Governorate were assigned to Kiev due to their greater geographical proximity to Kiev than to Azov. Among such cities were Kharkov and Staroy Oskol. Also to Kiev was assigned Trubchevsk and two other cities from Smolensk Governorate while some cities of Kiev were assigned to Azov and Smolensk, respectively. [1]

As the administrative unit, the governorate was preceded by the Regimental division of the Cossack Hetmanate. Remarkable is the fact that both divisions existed through most of the 18th century during which the Regimental division as administrative was phased away and later existed solely for military purposes. At the time of its foundation the governorate covered 231,000 square kilometers (89,000 sq mi) [2] of territory of parts of modern Ukraine and southwestern Russia.

Initially divided into uyezds and razryads, the governorate abolished the obsolete administrative system of the rapidly growing empire. During the administrative reform of 1710, all governorates where subdivided into administrative-fiscal lots (doli), and Kiev Governorate consisted of five lots. The lots were administer by landrats, from the German land-councilor.

A new reform edict was issued on May 29, 1719. Lots were abolished and the governorate was subdivided into four provinces centered on Belgorod, Kiev, Oryol, and Sevsk, and named accordingly. [3] By 1719, the Governorate comprised forty-one cities. [4] The provinces, in their turn, were divided into districts. Despite the reform, the subdivision of the Governorate into regiments was still used in parallel with the provinces. [4]

In the course of the 1727 administrative reform, Belgorod, Oryol and Sevsk Provinces were split off into Belgorod Governorate, with only Kiev Province left in the Kiev Governorate. [3] [5] [6] The guberniya at this time was divided into uyezds that replaced districts.

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the administrative division of Russia</span>

The modern administrative-territorial structure of Russia is a system of territorial organization which is a product of a centuries-long evolution and reforms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kazan Governorate</span> 1708–1920 unit of Russia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Smolensk Governorate</span> 1796–1929 unit of Russia

Smolensk Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR. It existed, with interruptions, between 1708 and 1929.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taurida Governorate</span> 1802–1918 unit of Russia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yekaterinoslav Governorate</span> 1802–1925 unit of Russia

Yekaterinoslav Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Yekaterinoslav. It bordered Poltava Governorate to the north, Don Host Oblast to the east, Sea of Azov to the southeast, Taurida Governorate to the south, and Kherson Governorate to the east, and covered the area of the Luhansk, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts of modern Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moscow Governorate</span> 1708–1929 unit of Russia

Moscow Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, and the Russian Empire. It bordered by Tver Governorate to the north, Vladimir Governorate to the northeast, Ryazan Governorate to the southeast, Tula Governorate to the south, Kaluga Governorate to the southwest, and Smolensk Governorate to the west. Moscow Governorate consisted of an area of 33,272.84 square kilometres (12,846.72 sq mi) and a population of 2,430,581 in 1897. Its capital was in Moscow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little Russia Governorate (1796–1802)</span> 1796–1802 unit of Russia

Little Russia Governorate or Malorossiya Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire that encompassed most of modern-day northeastern Ukraine, then given the historical designation of Little Russia, and adjacent regions in Russia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kharkov Governorate</span> 1765–1925 unit of Russia

Kharkov Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire founded in 1835. It embraced the historical region of Sloboda Ukraine. From 1765 to 1780 and from 1796 to 1835 the governorate was called Sloboda Ukraine Governorate. In 1780-1796 there existed the Kharkov Viceroyalty.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kiev Governorate</span> 1802–1925 unit of Russia

Kiev Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire from 1796 to 1919 and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1919 to 1925. It included the territory of the right-bank Ukraine and was formed after a division of the Kiev Viceroyalty into Kiev and Little Russia Governorates in 1796. Its capital was in Kiev. By the early 20th century, it consisted of 12 uyezds, 12 cities, 111 miasteczkos and 7344 other settlements. After the October Revolution, it became part of the administrative division of the Ukrainian SSR. In 1923 it was divided into several okrugs and on 6 June 1925 it was abolished by the Soviet administrative reforms.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azov Governorate</span> Governorate of the Russian Empire

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Voronezh Governorate</span> 1725–1928 unit of Russia

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nizhny Novgorod Governorate</span> 1714–1929 unit of Russia

Nizhny Novgorod Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, Russian Republic, and the Russian SFSR, roughly corresponding to the Upper and Middle Volga region and what is now most of the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. In the early of 20th Century, Nizhny Novgorod Governorate bordered Kostroma and Vyatka governorates to the north, Vladimir Governorate to the west, Kazan and Simbirsk governorates to the east, and Penza with Tambov governorates to the south.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little Russia Governorate (1764–1781)</span> 1764-1781 unit of Russia

The First Little Russia Governorate or Malorossiya Governorate, was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1764-1781. It was created after the abolition of Cossack Hetmanate and was governed by Pyotr Rumyantsev.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов (in Russian)
  2. 1 2 С. А. Тархов (2001). "Изменение административно-территориального деления России за последние 300 лет". Электронная версия журнала "География". Archived from the original on November 13, 2013.
  3. 1 2 Сергей Тархов, "Изменение административно-территориального деления России в XIII-XX в." (pdf), Логос, No. 1 2005 (46), сс. 65–101, ISSN   0869-5377
  4. 1 2 Иван Фундуклей. "Статистическое описание Киевской Губернии", Часть I. Санкт-Петербург, 1852. (Ivan Fundukley. Statistical Description of Kiev Governorate. St. Petersburg, 1852)
  5. ↑ "Киевская область". Archived from the original on January 6, 2008. Retrieved March 24, 2013.
  6. ↑ Гербы украинских земель в составе Российской империи
  1. ↑

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