Kvinnherad

Last updated
Kvinnherad Municipality
Kvinnherad kommune
Kvinnherred herred [1]   (historic name)
Quindherred herred  (historic name)
Husnes.jpg
View of the Husnes area
Norway Counties Vestland Position.svg
Vestland within Norway
NO 4617 Kvinnherad.svg
Kvinnherad within Vestland
Coordinates: 59°55′41″N06°02′13″E / 59.92806°N 6.03694°E / 59.92806; 6.03694
Country Norway
County Vestland
District Sunnhordland
Established1 Jan 1838
  Created as Formannskapsdistrikt
Administrative centre Rosendal
Government
  Mayor (2023)Vegard Bjørnevik (H)
Area
  Total1,090.75 km2 (421.14 sq mi)
  Land1,042.67 km2 (402.58 sq mi)
  Water48.08 km2 (18.56 sq mi)  4.4%
  Rank#104 in Norway
Population
 (2023)
  Total13,058
  Rank#93 in Norway
  Density12.5/km2 (32/sq mi)
  Change (10 years)
Decrease2.svg −1.9%
Demonym Kvinnhering [2]
Official language
[3]
   Norwegian form Nynorsk
Time zone UTC+01:00 (CET)
  Summer (DST) UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code NO-4617 [4]
Website Official website

Kvinnherad is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnhordland, along the Hardangerfjorden. The municipality was the 5th in size in former Hordaland county. [5]

Contents

The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Rosendal. The largest village is Husnes, with about 6,000 people living in or near the village. Other villages include Ænes, Åkra, Dimmelsvik, Eidsvik, Hatlestrand, Herøysund, Høylandsbygd, Ølve, Sæbøvik, Sundal, Sunde, Uskedal, and Valen.

The 1,091-square-kilometre (421 sq mi) municipality is the 104th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Kvinnherad is the 93rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 13,058. The municipality's population density is 12.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (32/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.9% over the previous 10-year period. [6] [7]

In the southern part of Kvinnherad you will find the typical fjord landscape of western Norway. The areas of Mauranger and Rosendal are said to have about the most beautiful fjord landscape of Hardanger as a whole: narrow fjords, wild water-falls, and the nearby Folgefonna, the third biggest glacier in Norway. [5]

General information

View of the Saebovik area Halsnoey-19-k6.jpg
View of the Sæbøvik area
View of Halsnoy Abbey Halsnoy Kloster.jpg
View of Halsnøy Abbey
The 13th century AEnes Church AEnes kirke, Kvinnherad kommune, Hordaland.jpg
The 13th century Ænes Church

The parish of Qvindherred was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). On 1 January 1907, a small area northwest of the villages of Ølve and Husa (population: 67) was transferred from neighboring Tysnes municipality to Kvinnherad. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1965, the following areas were merged into one large municipality of Kvinnherad: [8]

On 1 January 2013, the southwestern part of the Folgefonna peninsula (south of Kysnesstranda) was transferred from Kvinnherad to the neighboring Jondal municipality. This removed forty residents and 37.1 square kilometres (14.3 sq mi) of land area from the municipality. [9]

Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old name for the area (Old Norse : Kvinnaherað). The first element may be derived from the word tvinnr which means "double", likely referring to the two rivers running through Rosendal, the administrative centre of the municipality. The last element is herað which means "district" or "countryside". [10] The municipal name has been spelled several ways throughout history. Before 1889, the name was written Quindherred, then in 1889 the spelling was "modernized" to Kvinnherred. At that time, all municipalities in Norway were titled herred (which was used similarly to the word "municipality"), so it was formally named Kvinnherred herred, which looked a little repetitive. [1] On 3 November 1917, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to Kvinnherad. [11]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 18 June 1982. The official blazon is "Argent, a pall wavy azure" (Norwegian : På kvit grunn ein blå gaffelkross laga med bølgjesnitt). This means the arms have a field (background) has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The ordinary is a pall with wavy edges. The design of the arms show the confluence of two blue rivers into one on a white or silver background. The rivers symbolize the many streams and rivers in the municipality, especially the Hattebergselvi and the Melselvi, that come together just before they run into the sea at Rosendal. The arms were designed by Truls Nygaard, after a proposal by Magnus Hardeland. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms. [12] [13] [14]

Churches

The Church of Norway has nine parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Kvinnherad. It is part of the Sunnhordland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.

Churches in Kvinnherad
Parish (sokn)Church nameLocation of the churchYear built
Fjelberg og Eid Eid Church Eidsvik 1824
Fjelberg Church Fjelbergøya 1722
Hatlestrand Hatlestrand Church Hatlestrand 1885
Husnes og Holmedal Holmedal Church Utåker 1815
Husnes Church Husnes 1874
Valen Church Valen 1978
Kvinnherad Kvinnherad Church Rosendal c. 1250
Uskedalen Uskedalen Church Uskedal 1914
Varaldsøy Varaldsøy Church Varaldsøy 1885
Ænes Ænes Church Ænes c. 1200
Ølve Ølve Church Ølve 1861
Åkra Åkra Church Åkra 1735

Economy

The economy of Kvinnherad is based on the rich water resources within its boundaries. This includes power production, aluminium production (Sør-Norge Aluminium), fish farming, shipbuilding (Eidsvik Skipsbyggeri, Hellesøy Verft, Bergen Group Halsnøy), and lifeboat production (Umoe Schat-Harding, Norsafe, Eide Marine Tech, Noreq). These industries are spread throughout the municipality.

Kvinnherad has two local newspapers, Kvinnheringen and Grenda , as well as a local TV channel, TV Sydvest.

Government

Kvinnherad Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. [15] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Haugaland og Sunnhordland District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Kvinnherad is made up of 35 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Kvinnherad kommunestyre 20232027 [16]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)6
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)3
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne)1
  Conservative Party (Høgre)9
  Industry and Business Party (Industri- og Næringspartiet)5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)5
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:35
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 20192023 [17]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)7
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)3
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne)2
  Conservative Party (Høgre)9
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)8
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Joint list of the Red Party (Raudt) and the Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
Total number of members:35
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 20152019 [18]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)8
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)3
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne)1
  Conservative Party (Høgre)12
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)6
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Joint list of the Red Party (Raudt) and the Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
Total number of members:35
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 20112015 [19]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)9
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)5
  Conservative Party (Høgre)11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
 Population Party (Innbyggjarpartiet)1
Total number of members:35
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 20072011 [18]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)7
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)5
  Conservative Party (Høgre)4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
  Liberal Party (Venstre)5
 Population Party (Innbyggjarpartiet)1
  Cross-Party Common List (Tverrpolitisk samlingsliste)1
  Independent Centre (Uavhengig sentrum)1
Total number of members:35
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 20032007 [18]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)8
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)8
  Conservative Party (Høgre)4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Red Electoral Alliance (Raud Valallianse)1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)9
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
  Cross-Party Common List (Tverrpolitisk samlingsliste)7
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19992003 [18]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)11
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)5
  Conservative Party (Høgre)4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)8
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
  Cross-Party Common List (Tverrpolitisk samlingsliste)7
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19951999 [20]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)11
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)3
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)11
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
  Cross-party common list (Tverrpolitisk samlingsliste)11
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19911995 [21]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)6
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)2
  Conservative Party (Høgre)3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)13
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
  Liberal Party (Venstre)1
  Cross-party common list (Tverrpolitisk samlingsliste)13
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19871991 [22]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)11
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)3
  Conservative Party (Høgre)8
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)12
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19831987 [23]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)11
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet)2
  Conservative Party (Høgre)11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)7
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)10
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19791983 [24]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)9
  Conservative Party (Høgre)12
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)8
  New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet)1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)11
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
  Liberal Party (Venstre)2
  Election list for Halsnøy and the Fjellberg islands
(Valliste for Halsnøy og Fjellbergøyane)
1
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19751979 [25]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)11
  Conservative Party (Høgre)6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)10
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)12
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and
New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet)
3
  Hatlestrand's list (Hatlestrand si liste)1
  Ølve's list (Ølve si liste)1
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19711975 [26]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)13
  Conservative Party (Høgre)4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)11
  Liberal Party (Venstre)6
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)6
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19671971 [27]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)11
  Conservative Party (Høgre)4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)11
  Liberal Party (Venstre)6
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)7
Total number of members:45
Kvinnherad kommunestyre 19631967 [28]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)11
  Conservative Party (Høgre)3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)12
  Liberal Party (Venstre)6
Total number of members:37
Kvinnherad heradsstyre 19591963 [29]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)6
  Conservative Party (Høgre)3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet)12
  Liberal Party (Venstre)10
Total number of members:37
Kvinnherad heradsstyre 19551959 [30]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)33
Total number of members:37
Kvinnherad heradsstyre 19511955 [31]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)34
Total number of members:40
Kvinnherad heradsstyre 19471951 [32]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti)3
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)32
Total number of members:40
Kvinnherad heradsstyre 19451947 [33]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)8
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)32
Total number of members:40
Kvinnherad heradsstyre 19371941* [34]   
Party name (in Nynorsk)Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet)4
  Conservative Party (Høgre)2
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgarlege Felleslister)4
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister)30
Total number of members:40
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

The mayors (Nynorsk : ordførar) of Kvinnherad: [35]

  • 1838–1845: Elias Børge Unger
  • 1846–1849: Christian Lerche Dahl
  • 1850–1851: Gabriel Andreas Heiberg
  • 1852–1855: Samson Torsen Stueland
  • 1856–1857: Christian Lerche Dahl
  • 1858–1861: Hans H. Helland
  • 1862–1862: O. Matthiesen
  • 1862–1865: Ole L. Berget
  • 1866–1867: Lars Olsen Skeie
  • 1868–1869: Hans H. Helland
  • 1870–1873: Clemmet Gerhardsen Roalstveit
  • 1874–1875: Michael L. Langballe
  • 1876–1881: Ole Andreas Olsen (V)
  • 1882–1885: Godskalk Knudsen Aarsand (V)
  • 1886–1893: Andreas Lavik (MV)
  • 1894–1898: Ivar Arnesen (V)
  • 1899–1916: Axel Lea (V)
  • 1917–1941: Ingemar Traavik (Bp)
  • 1942–1945: Einar Tvedt (NS)
  • 1945–1949: Ingemar Traavik (Bp)
  • 1949–1955: Lars Eikeland (V)
  • 1956–1959: Magnus Aksnes (V)
  • 1960–1963: Knut Skaaluren (Sp)
  • 1964–1971: Berge Sæberg (Sp)
  • 1972–1975: Jens Arnesen (H)
  • 1976–1979: Berge Sæberg (Sp)
  • 1980–1985: Jens Arnesen (H)
  • 1986–1993: Thorleif J. Hellesøy (Sp)
  • 1994–1995: Eirik Meyer Eide (KrF)
  • 1995–2003: Aksel Kloster (Ap)
  • 2003–2007: Bjarne Berge (LL)
  • 2007–2015: Synnøve Solbakken (Ap)
  • 2015–2019: Peder Sjo Slettebø (H)
  • 2019–2021: Hans Inge Myrvold (Sp)
  • 2021–2023: Hilde Enstad (Ap)
  • 2023-present: Vegard Bjørnevik (H) [36]

Geography

The municipality is located along the large Hardangerfjorden, mostly on the southeast side of the fjord on the Folgefonna peninsula, but also a small part on the other side. It includes several notable islands in the fjord including Varaldsøy, Fjelbergøya, Borgundøya, and Halsnøya. [5]

The large Folgefonna National Park, which surrounds the Folgefonna glacier, is partially located in Kvinnherad. The northern part of the municipality is often referred to as Mauranger. It is the area surrounding the Maurangsfjorden. The notable Bondhusbreen glacier is located just south of that fjord, near the village of Sundal. The Jondal Tunnel and Folgefonna Tunnel both connect Mauranger with neighboring Odda and Jondal by cutting through the large mountains surrounding Mauranger. [5]

The municipality has many large lakes including Blådalsvatnet, Juklavatnet, and Onarheimsvatnet. Many of these lakes are utilized for hydroelectric power generation.

Population

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
18454,044    
18554,532+1.15%
18654,547+0.03%
18754,627+0.17%
18914,760+0.18%
19005,045+0.65%
19105,108+0.12%
YearPop.±% p.a.
19205,272+0.32%
19305,293+0.04%
19465,701+0.47%
19515,638−0.22%
19605,514−0.25%
197011,811+7.92%
198012,821+0.82%
YearPop.±% p.a.
199013,121+0.23%
200013,196+0.06%
201013,187−0.01%
202013,071−0.09%
202313,058−0.03%
Note: The municipal borders were changed in 1965, causing a significant change in the population.
Source: Statistics Norway [6] [37] and Norwegian Historical Data Centre [38]

Tourism and places of interest

Kvinnherad is a popular tourist location because of its natural landscape as well as several places of interest. The most notable of which include Kvinnherad Church, the Bondhusbreen glacier, the shipping mural in Høylandsbygd, and Radiohola. Rosendal, the administrative centre of the municipality, is the site of the greatest tourist attraction in Kvinnherad: the Barony Rosendal. The Barony is the only one of its kind in Norway. It is a museum, which offers valuable information about the Union with Denmark, an important period of Norwegian history. [5] It was one of the locations of the 1958 film "The Vikings" starring Kirk Douglas, Tony Curtis, Janet Leigh and Ernest Borgnine. Many of the citizens of Kvinnherad/Hardanger, Norway were used as extras. [39]

Notable people

Jens Tvedt, 1935 Jens Tvedt.jpg
Jens Tvedt, 1935
Hans Inge Myrvold, 2017 Hans Inge Myrvold - 33850405185.jpg
Hans Inge Myrvold, 2017

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Masfjorden</span> Municipality in Vestland, Norway

Masfjorden is a municipality in the central part of Vestland county in Norway. The municipality is located in the Nordhordland district of the county. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Masfjordnes. Other villages in the municipality include Frøyset, Hosteland, Matre, and Solheim.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Norddal</span> Former municipality in Norway

Norddal is a former municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It merged with Stordal municipality to establish the new Fjord municipality in 2020. It covered the easternmost part of the Sunnmøre region along the border with Oppland county. The municipal center of the municipality was the village of Sylte in the Valldalen valley.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sykkylven</span> Municipality in Møre og Romsdal, Norway

Sykkylven is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Sunnmøre region. The administrative centre is the village of Aure. Other villages in the municipality include Ikornnes, Straumgjerde, and Tusvik.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flatanger</span> Municipality in Trøndelag, Norway

Flatanger is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Namdalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is Lauvsnes. Other villages include Jøssund, Hasvåg, and Vik.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leirfjord</span> Municipality in Nordland, Norway

Leirfjord is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Leland. Other villages in Leirfjord include Bardalssjøen and Sundøy. The large Helgeland Bridge is partly located in the municipality, connecting it to Alstahaug Municipality and the town of Sandnessjøen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gratangen</span> Municipality in Troms, Norway

Gratangen is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Central Hålogaland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Årstein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kvænangen</span> Municipality in Troms, Norway

Kvænangen is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Burfjord. The European route E6 highway goes through the municipality and over the Sørstraumen Bridge, and many people stop at the Kvænangsfjellet pass to view the scenery of the Kvænangen fjord.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Skånevik</span> Former municipality in Hordaland, Norway

Skånevik is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The 588-square-kilometre (227 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1965. It included the land surrounding both sides of the Skånevikfjorden and its smaller branches: the Åkrafjorden and Matersfjorden in the present-day Etne Municipality and Kvinnherad Municipality. It also included the eastern part of the island of Halsnøya and stretched quite a ways inland all the way to the Folgefonna glacier. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Skånevik where Skånevik Church is located.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Varaldsøy (municipality)</span> Former municipality in Hordaland, Norway

Varaldsøy is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1902 until its dissolution in 1965. The 83-square-kilometre (32 sq mi) municipality encompassed the whole island of Varaldsøy and a 2-to-3-kilometre wide strip of the mainland west of the island. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village area of Varaldsøy on the southern part of the island, where Varaldsøy Church is located.

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