The Central Military Commission (CMC) is the highest national defense organization in the People's Republic of China, which heads the People's Liberation Army (PLA), the People's Armed Police (PAP), and the Militia of China.
The Supreme People's Procuratorate of the People's Republic of China is the highest national agency responsible for legal prosecution and prosecutorial investigation in China. The SPP reports to the National People's Congress (NPC).
The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) is the highest supervisory organ of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The CCDI is under the control of the CCP Central Committee, per the principle of unified power. It is tasked with defending the party constitution, enforcing inner-party regulations, coordinating anti-corruption work, and safeguarding the core position of Xi Jinping in the CCP Central Committee and the party as a whole. Safeguarding the political position of Xi and the Central Committee is, officially, the CCDI's highest responsibility. Since the vast majority of officials at all levels of government are also CCP members, the commission is, in practice, the top anti-corruption body in China.
The Censorate was a high-level supervisory agency in Imperial China, first established during the Qin dynasty.
The government of the People's Republic of China is based on a system of people's congress within the parameters of a unitary communist state, in which the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) enacts its policies through people's congresses. This system is based on the principle of unified state power, in which the legislature, the National People's Congress (NPC), is constitutionally enshrined as "the highest state organ of power." As China's political system has no separation of powers, there is only one branch of government which is represented by the legislature. The CCP through the NPC enacts unified leadership, which requires that all state organs, from the Supreme People's Court to the President of the People's Republic of China, are elected by, answerable to, and have no separate powers than those granted to them by the NPC. By law, all elections at all levels must adhere to the leadership of the CCP. The CCP controls appointments in all state bodies through a two-thirds majority in the NPC. The remaining seats are held by nominally independent delegates and eight minor political parties, which are non-oppositional and support the CCP. All government bodies and state-owned enterprises have internal CCP committees that lead the decision-making in these institutions.
Sheng Guangzu was the last Chinese Minister of Railways, before the position was abolished in March 2013, and the first Genenal Manager of China Railway Corporation. He was formerly the head of the General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China. He initially held several lower positions in the Ministry of Railways, and moved up the ranks starting in 2000. Sheng was also a member of the 17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
Zhao Hongzhu is a retired Chinese politician and a previous member of the Chinese Communist Party's national leadership. Zhao served as the Deputy Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the Communist Party's anti-corruption agency, as well as a Secretary of the Central Secretariat.
The National Bureau of Corruption Prevention was an agency of the People's Republic of China under the direct administration of the State Council. It was established in 2007 with the objective of improving government transparency, developing and improving the mechanisms through which corruption was combatted, and coordinating anti-corruption efforts. The bureau also seeks cooperation on corruption prevention at the multilateral level.
The Central Leading Group for Inspection Work is a coordination body set up under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party for the purpose of managing party disciplinary inspections nationwide.
Su Deliang is a Chinese politician and the current Leader of the Group of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the State Supervision Commission in the Supreme People's Procuratorate. Previously he served as Vice-Minister of State Security, Secretary of the Political and Legal Committee of Ningxia Autonomous Region, Head of Ningxia Public Security Bureau, President of Ningxia Jurisprudence Society, and a member of the CPC Ningxia Provincial Standing Committee.
Yang Xiaodu is a Chinese retired politician who served as the first director of the National Supervisory Commission from 2018 to 2023. He served as a member of the 19th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party from 2017 to 2022. From 2014 to 2022, he served as a Deputy Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the leading anti-graft body of the Chinese Communist Party. He has served in Shanghai and Tibet during his early political career.
The National Supervisory Commission is the highest supervisory and anti-corruption authority of the People's Republic of China. Formed in 2018 by an amendment to the Constitution, the Commission holds the same constitutional status as that of the State Council, of the Supreme People's Court, and of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
Ai Wenli is a former Chinese politician who served as the Vice-Chairman of the Hebei Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Previously, he served as the head of the Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party Hebei Committee and the Mayor of Shijiazhuang. He was placed under investigation by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission shortly after his retirement. Ai is the first leader of vice-ministerial level to spontaneously hand himself in to the anti-corruption agency of China after the implementation of Supervision Law in March 2018.
Wang Tie is a former Chinese politician who served as the Vice Director of Henan People's Congress. He was dismissed from his position in August 2018 and placed under investigation by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission.
Wu Zhen is a former Chinese politician who served as the Deputy Commissioner of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the deputy director of the China Food and Drug Administration. He was dismissed from his position in August 2018 and placed under investigation by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission.
Liu Baohua is a former Chinese politician. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in October 2020. Previously he served as deputy director of National Energy Administration.
Wei Chuanzhong is a retired Chinese politician. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in March 2019. He has retired for almost five years. Previously he served as deputy director of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. He was director of the Chinese Society of Inspection and Quarantine.
Xiao Yaqing is a former Chinese engineer, business executive and politician who served as Minister of Industry and Information Technology from 2020 to 2022. Previously he served as director of the State Administration for Market Regulation and State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. He was an alternate member of the 17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 18th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Chinese Communist Party.
Chen Xiaojiang is a Chinese editor and politician who is the Executive Deputy Head of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party since 2022. Previously, he served as Minister of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission; deputy director of the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China; and deputy secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the party's internal disciplinary body.
Zhang Wufeng is a former Chinese politician who served as director of the National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration from 2018 to 2022. As of June 2022 he was under investigation by China's top anti-corruption agency.
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