Oxshott is a suburban village in the borough of Elmbridge in Surrey, England. Oxshott includes hilly acidic heath which is partly wooded (see Esher Commons and Prince's Coverts) and occupies the land between the large towns of Esher and Leatherhead. The Oxshott section of the single carriageway north-south A244 runs through its middle and briefly forms its high street, centred two miles (three kilometres) from the A3 (Portsmouth Road) and the M25 (London Orbital motorway).
Before about 1912, there was an equally-used alternative spelling, Ockshot. Oxshott was part of Stoke D'Abernon parish until 1912, when Oxshott gained its first place of worship. The Prince's Coverts remains part of the Crown Estate, albeit decreased by some privatisation; and the public land of the village has been protected by inclusion in the Metropolitan Green Belt.
A great many of Oxshott's residential areas are on gated private roads. This, combined with the large and desirable properties that form much of the village's housing stock, contributes to Oxshott's status as the "most expensive village in England".[2]
History
Early history
Oxshott means "Ocga's corner of land", from the Old Englishpersonal name Ocga and sceat (related to modern 'shoot') "corner of land". The first element does not, unlike Oxford, have anything to do with oxen.
Oxshott was first recorded in 1179 as Occesete. At this time Oxshott was a hamlet in the east of the village of Stoke D'Abernon.[3] It had a population of about 200 people living from the land, rather than trade, via forestry, farming and the keeping of pigs.
Until the 16th century, Oxshott was fairly isolated from other centres of population, surrounded by heath and scrubland and connected to nearby villages only by footpaths. For almost the whole of a further three centuries, no major transport links crossed the parish.
In 1885, Oxshott railway station, first named Oxshott and Fairmile, was opened on the new Guildford Line.[4] The railway transformed Oxshott from "a hamlet of pig farmers" into a popular destination for London commuters, who occupied newly constructed mock Tudor mansions on land that had been released by the Crown Estate.[5] A small high street also developed to service their needs.[5]
The religious needs of the growing population were met by the consecration of St. Andrew's Church in 1912, in the Church of England.[6] Oxshott became a parish in its own right in 1913 under that name; this putting an end to the use of the pre-1913 spelling of Ockshot, as used, for example, in 1911 in its topographical description in the Victoria County History.[3] The high street expanded from what were once just three shops: a drapers, a tobacconists and a set of tea-rooms. Industry arrived in Oxshott when John Early Cook set up his brickworks from the local deep patch of suitable clay, in 1866. Production continued until 1958, and the works' distinctive chimney was demolished in 1967. Heathfield Pond is the site of the brickwork pit; it was previously called Brick Pond. The pond is about 100ft (30 metres) deep with a cottage and machinery at the bottom.
From 1920 until 1978, the Oxshott Pottery, founded by Henry & Denise Wren, was based at Potters Croft in Oakshade Road, Oxshott.
Oxshott is served by commuter trains, with services taking (best time) 38 minutes to Waterloo station calling at Vauxhall for interchange with the Victoria line, with local bus services also available. Oxshott railway station is just off Oxshott Heath, to the south of Oxshott Woods. Oxshott Heath, geologically, has an escarpment where the London clay and sand strata are raised substantially. For this reason, Oxshott had a brickworks from 1866 to 1958. The brickworks was served by a branch line that ran West from the station (towards Guildford). This is why the footbridge at the end of Sheath's Lane (this is the proper, historic spelling) can span three tracks.
At Cook's Crossing (named after John Early Cook, the owner of the brickyards), the railway crossing had three lines: two for the electrified main line to Guildford via Cobham and Stoke D'Abernon and a single track to the brickyards. This latter track can still be seen if one looks hard, and the old hand-operated gates were removed in the first years of the 21st century. The single track now disappears into the houses built on the brickyards on Somerville Road.
Many people have signed petitions for Oxshott to have a proper bus route. The current connections in the village are: the 408 every two hours, connecting to Leatherhead, Ashtead, and Epsom in one direction, and to Cobham in the other; the 513 to/from Kingston upon Thames three times a day; and the Chatterbus[7] to/from Cobham five times a day.
2010 Oxshott train accident
On Friday 5 November 2010, at 15:40, there was an accident where the Guildford via Cobham railway line passes in a deep cutting under the Esher to Leatherhead road. A 26-tonne concrete mixer lorry crashed through the road bridge's parapet and fell about 30 feet (10 metres) onto the railway line, colliding with a train travelling from Guildford to London Waterloo. Of the 40 people on board the train, four were injured. The lorry driver of the lorry was badly injured, and also apparently had a heart attack and had to be carefully taken out of the cab by the medical services. Rail and road had been cleared and re-opened by early the following Monday.[8]
Amenities
Oxshott has one, Anglican, church, St. Andrew's. Oxshott has its own primary school, the Royal Kent, named because its predecessor was founded by the Duchess of Kent, Queen Victoria's mother, in 1820. The original building stood on the site of the petrol station. Oxshott has an independent preparatory school, Danes Hill School, and its pre-prep school, Bevendean. A senior independent school, Reed's School, just beyond its northern boundary, caters for boys aged 11 to 18 and girls aged 16 to 18.
There is also a very active sports club, which has developed from the village cricket club founded in 1896, as well as a village snooker / social club. Oxshott also has two public houses: The Victoria and The Bear.
The village has a large number of United States nationals and expatriates with their social organisations, due in part to the nearby ACS Cobham International school.
A greater part of the historic novel "Unter der Asche" (Beneath the ashes) by German author Tom Finnek is set in Oxshott and nearby Cobham. The novel deals with the Great Fire of London 1665–66 and the so-called "Diggers", a nonconformist dissenting group during the English Civil War.
Some scenes from the Monty Python feature film Jabberwocky (1977) were filmed in Oxshott Woods.
In the 1970s ITV situation comedy George and Mildred, Mildred's brother-in-law Humphrey is described as "the offal king of Oxshott".
Notable residents
Oxshott has a high concentration of high-net-worth individuals. The village is in a convenient location, due to its good transport links to London, nearby airports, and the M25 motorway; there is also a variety of private schools to choose from.[11]
The proportion of households in the settlement who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. The proportion who owned their home with a loan compares to the regional average of 32.5%. The remaining% is made up of rented dwellings (plus a negligible% of households living rent-free).
1 2 H.E. Malden, ed. (1911). "Parishes: Stoke d'Abernon". A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 3. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 14 December 2013.
↑ Butt, R.V.J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations. Yeovil: Patrick Stephens Ltd. p.179. ISBN1-85260-508-1.
Cobham is a large village in the Borough of Elmbridge in Surrey, England, centred 17 miles (27 km) south-west of London and 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Guildford on the River Mole. It has a commercial/services High Street, a significant number of primary and private schools and the Painshill landscape park.
Fetcham is a suburban village in Surrey, England west of the town of Leatherhead, on the other side of the River Mole and has a mill pond, springs and an associated nature reserve. The housing, as with adjacent Great Bookham, sits on the lower slopes of the North Downs north of Polesden Lacey (NT). Fetcham Grove has Leatherhead and the village's main leisure centre and football club, between the two settlements. Fetcham has two short parades of shops and services, several sports teams and parks and a small number of large pubs and food premises.
Elmbridge is a local government district with borough status in Surrey, England. Its council is based in Esher, and other notable towns and villages include Cobham, Walton-on-Thames, Weybridge and Molesey. The borough lies just outside the administrative boundary of Greater London, but is mostly within the M25 motorway which encircles London. Many of the borough's urban areas form part of the wider Greater London Built-up Area.
Oxshott Heath and Woods is an area of woods and heathland in Oxshott, Surrey, England covering approximately 200 acres (81 ha), as an area of common land. It is owned by a local authority, however historic rights of access and gathering dead wood where necessary for individual fires are shared and exercised by landowners in the parish of Oxshott which has existed since the end of the 19th century, created from the east of the village of Stoke D'Abernon which in this area was extremely scantly populated until the construction of Oxshott railway station.
Stoke d'Abernon is a village and former civil parish in the borough of Elmbridge in Surrey, England. It is on the right bank of the River Mole contiguously south of Cobham, a larger settlement which is a post town and is east-southeast of Oxshott a large village founded in the 19th century from the higher, sandy forested part of its formerly expansive area. It shares a railway station with Cobham and is inside the M25 motorway. Cobham Training Centre, the training ground of Chelsea F.C., is within its traditional boundaries.
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Esher was a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. In the general elections during its 47-year lifetime it was won by three Conservatives successively. In area it shrank in 1974, then regrew in 1983 taking in four sparsely inhabited wards which proved to be temporary, as omitted from the successor seat, Esher and Walton.
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