| Salivirus | |
|---|---|
Virus classification  | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Pisuviricota |
| Class: | Pisoniviricetes |
| Order: | Picornavirales |
| Family: | Picornaviridae |
| Genus: | Salivirus |
Salivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales , in the family Picornaviridae . Human and chimpanzee serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Salivirus A. Diseases associated with this genus include: probably gastroenteritis. [1] [2]
Viruses in Salivirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 30 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 6-8kb in length. [1]
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salivirus | Icosahedral | Pseudo T=3 | Non-enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the virus to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by lysis, and viroporins. Human and chimpanzee serve as the natural host. [1]
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salivirus | Human, chimpanzee | None | Cell receptor endocytosis | Lysis | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Unknown |
The virus has been isolated from diarrheal specimens. But the role of the virus in the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis was ambiguous. Meta-analysis showed that the virus is not associated with gastroenteritis. [3]
Okavirus is a genus of enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses which infect crustaceans. Host organisms are mostly shrimp. It is the only genus in the family Roniviridae. Viruses associated with the genus include: gill-associated virus (GAV) which causes reddening, biofouling with exoparasites, emaciation, and massive mortality; and yellow head virus (YHV) which causes yellow head, arrest of feeding, and massive mortality. The name is derived from the 'Oka' or lymphoid organ in which the viruses are commonly detected and in which pathology occurs during acute infections. Lymphoid organs are anatomical structures common to penaeid shrimp. There are three species in this genus.
Barnaviridae is a family of non-enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses. Cultivated mushrooms serve as natural hosts. The family has one genus, Barnavirus, which contains one species: Mushroom bacilliform virus. Diseases associated with this family includes La France disease.
Closteroviridae is a family of viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are four genera and 59 species in this family, seven of which are unassigned to a genus. Diseases associated with this family include: yellowing and necrosis, particularly affecting the phloem.
Sequivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Secoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: PYFV: vein-yellowing, yellow flecks and yellow/green mosaic symptoms in parsnip, and ‘yellow net', followed by yellow spots and leaf distortion in celery.
Closterovirus, also known as beet yellows viral group, is a genus of viruses, in the family Closteroviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 17 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: yellowing and necrosis, particularly affecting the phloem. This genus has a probably worldwide distribution and includes among other viral species the Beet yellows virus and Citrus tristeza virus, rather economically important plant diseases. At least some species require vectors such as aphids or mealybugs for their transmission from plant to plant.
Kobuvirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Picornaviridae. Humans and cattle serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: gastroenteritis. The genus was named because of the virus particles' lumpy appearance by electron microscopy; "kobu" means "knob" in Japanese.
Ourmiavirus is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses. Cucurbits, cherry, and cassava serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: OuMV: yellowing and chlorotic spot symptoms.
Tobravirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Virgaviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: SBWMV: green and yellow mosaic.
Alphaflexiviridae is a family of viruses in the order Tymovirales. Plants and fungi serve as natural hosts. There are 65 species in this family, assigned to six genera. Diseases associated with this family include: mosaic and ringspot symptoms.
Avastrovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Astroviridae. Birds serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: gastroenteritis, liver or kidney damages.
Capillovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Betaflexiviridae. Plants, pome fruits, citrus, and pear serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: abnormal graft union, possibly black necrotic leaf spot disease.
Enamovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Solemoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: pea enation disease: if both PEMV-1 and PEMV-2 are present.
Foveavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Betaflexiviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are eight species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mosaic and ringspot symptoms.
Mamastrovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Astroviridae. Human, mammals, and vertebrates serve as natural hosts. There are 19 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include infantile gastroenteritis.
Permutotetraviridae is a family of viruses. Lepidopteran insects serve as natural hosts. The family contains one genus that has two species. Diseases associated with this family include: infection outcome varies from unapparent to lethal.
Avihepatovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Picornaviridae. Ducks and geese serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Avihepatovirus A. Diseases associated with this genus include: fatal hepatitis.
Cosavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Picornaviridae. Human serve as natural hosts. There are 5 species in this genus.
Nebovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Caliciviridae. Bovine serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Newbury 1 virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: Gastroenteritis.
Macanavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Furcraea necrotic streak virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: macana disease.
Rosavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Picornaviridae. Human and rodents serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus.